Forest Sciences Commons^™

The Galvanic Cell Oxygen Analyzer Vs. The Winkler Method For Oxygen Determinations In Paper Mill Wastes, Edwin J. Grossenbacher

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

This study was designed to verify the assumption that the galvanic cell oxygen analyser can be used as a substitute for the Winkler method in determining the dissolved oxygen content of paper mill effluent. The purpose also includes an attempt to show that dissolved oxygen determinations made by either the Winkler method or by the galvanic cell oxygen analyser are of the same magnitude and can be compared directly. The assumption that this is possible has been based upon extensive tests on solutions containing various spent sulfite liquor wastes at various concentrations. These tests show that the electrode measurements are …

The Effect Of Fines On Relative Bonded Area, Richard G. Bowler

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Bonding characteristics of the fibers in a sheet of paper have long been, and still are, difficult to isolate in a manner which will give exact quantitative information on the degree or bonding. It is possible to indicate with strength tests different levels or bonding. Other factors -- fiber strength, fiber length, cell wall thickness, etc.,-- also enter into values obtained in these tests and make the assignment of exact meaning to bonding impossible. The subject of a major port of this literature search deals with measurement of another bonding characteristics, relative bonded area or simply bonded area. This again …

A Study Of The Ferric-Tartrate Complex In Alkaline Solution, Wade J. Adams

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Introduction

For a number of years, the study of hydrodynamic behavior of cellulose has been limited by the lack of a solvent capable of dissolving this high polymer without degrading its degree of polymerization. The consequence of the degradation is the marked change in the properties of the cellulose molecule in solution. Investigations to improve this problem have generally taken two directions.

The first involves the substitution of derivatives on the reactive alcoholic sites of the molecule (substitution method). This allows the molecule to be dissolved, in appropriate solvents, without degradation during dissolution.

The second involved the search for compounds …

Brightness Improvement During Cold Soda Pulping, Harry Pratley

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

I. Introduction

During cold soda pulping, sodium hydroxide reacts with the lignin-carbohydrate complex to form soluble sodium lignate, and the carbohydrates are made soluble by hydrolysis (17). This lignin reaction, however, occurs only after a major portion of the caustic soda has been consumed in neutralizing the readily available acetyl and methoxyl groups and in hemicellulose dissolution. After the pulping process, the high-yield cold soda hardwood pulps exhibit a brown discoloration. A microscopic examination of the woods from which these pulps were produced (21) revealed that the brown discoloration was due to materials located in the cells of the wood. …

Increasing Sheet Strength By Partial Carboxymethylation, Curt Thies

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

The objective of this thesis was to increase sheet strength by partial carboxymethylation of cellulose fibers. A survey of literature disclosed the fact this had been done

in an alcoholic solution. An experimental procedure of partially carboxymethylating individual fibers in an aqueous solution was developed. It did not increase sheet strength and a second procedure was developed. In this method formed sheets were subjected to a carboxymethylation treatment. An evaluation of test data led to the following conclusions:

1. Dry and wet strength increases were obtained by treating a sheet with caustic.
2. The carboxymethylation procedure did not increase sheet strength, but …