Forest Sciences Commons^™

The Probability Of Moose Damage At The Stand Level In Southern Finland, Anneli Jalkanen

Aspen Bibliography

The probability of moose damage was studied in sapling stands and young thinning stands in southern Finland. Data from the eighth National Forest Inventory in 1986–92 were used for modelling. The frequency of damage was highest at the height of two to five meters and at the age of ten to twenty years (at the time of measurement). Moose preferred aspen stands the most and least preferred Norway spruce stands. Scots pine and silver birch were also susceptible to damage. Logistic regression models were developed for predicting the probability that moose damage is the most important damaging agent in a …

Arboles Trabajando En Beneficio De La Ganaderia

Working Trees (USDA-NAC)

Éstos son, árboles que se utilizan en conservación y sistemas de producción en fincas y ranchos. Estos árboles tienen un trabajo que realizar, sea aumentar los ingresos, proteger los recursos naturales o hacernos disfrutar un poco más de nuestras vidas. “Árboles trabajando” es un lema usado para promover la ciencia y práctica de la agroforestería. Agroforestería es un término que agricultores y dasónomos han definido para incluir la mayoría de las prácticas en las que se integran árboles y arbustos de forma intencional junto con un cultivo, forraje u operaciones de ganadería. Prácticas tales como rompevientos, bosques ribereños de amortiguamiento, …

Pb1693 Sawing Logs For Quartersawn Lumber, The University Of Tennessee Agricultural Extension Service

Forestry, Trees, and Timber

Hardwood lumber producers are constantly looking for ways to increase the value of their products. One way to increase lumber value is to saw logs using a method that will produce quartersawn lumber where growth rings appear parallel to one another on the wide face of the board. Quartersawn lumber is more valuable than lumber sawn using other methods and is very desirable for applications such as furniture and cabinet making. This publication describes quartersawn lumber, explains how it differs from lumber with other grain patterns and details several methods for producing quartersawn lumber on either a sawmill with a …

Setting Up The Books: A Forest Owner's Guide To Capital Accounts And Record-Keeping For Federal Income, The University Of Tennessee Agricultural Extension Service

Financial Management

Forest owners have a number of federal income tax incentives available to them. Growing timber can 2 be an income-producing activity, with the trees being considered a capital asset. Income from sales or other disposition of capital assets is then taxed at capital gains rates, as opposed to ordinary income tax rates. Investments in timber can be recovered through depletion deductions and reforestation expenses, qualifying for a tax credit. These provisions and others in the tax code encourage timber production, which is generally considered to be good for both the ecology and the economy. This publication will assist you …

Lateral Migration Of A Solid Particle In Shear Flow, Wutthapong Jiraporncharoen

Masters Theses

Lateral migration of solid particles in shear flow is observed in various industrial applications. Suspensions in a blade coater, a device used to apply coating pigment to a base paper to improve paper properties, is an example. Particle hydrodynamics will affect the quality of coated paper and runnability of the coater especially when the speed of the coating machine is very high or the pigment concentration is increased.

Many factors will affect the particle migration. The wall repulsion or lubrication effect forces the particle away from a wall to the channel center. The inertial effects are increased by increasing the …

Enzymatic Deinking Of Flexographic Water-Based Inks, Somporn Chaiarrekij

Masters Theses

Introduction

In recent times, environmental concerns have led to the development of water-based flexographic and rotogravure inks. One of the major concerns for water-based inks is their deinkability. Wash deinking of flexographic water-based ink is much more effective than flotation deinking; however, it has two major disadvantages. It consumes large amounts of water and gives a lower yield than flotation due to the loss of fines and fillers in the effluent (1).

Characterization Of Biochelators, Membrane Redox Systems, And Quinone Reductases From Wood Degrading Basidiomycetes, Weihong Qi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Biodegradation of wood by brown rot fungi is dependent upon a non-enzymatic system involving Fenton chemistry. Iron biochelators with molecular weights lower than 1kD are important components in this process. Phenolate biochelators drive a hydroxyl radical generating Fenton reaction by reducing ferric iron. Biochelators may be mineralized or alternately, in some cases oxidized biochelators may be regenerated via a quinone redox cycle. Electron donors for this postulated regeneration have not been identified. Extracellular cellobiose dehydrogenase has also been found to drive the Fenton reaction by generating ferrous iron and hydrogen peroxide. This research compared the production of biochelators and the …

Evaluating Shade Bias In Insect Trap Catch And Assessing The Short- And Long-Term Impacts Of Herbicide Application In Regenerating Clearcuts On Flowering Plant Communities, Kathryn M. Georgitis

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Regenerating clearcuts are commonly sprayed with a broad-spectrum herbicide, Glyphosate, to suppress regenerating hardwoods that outcompete the more desirable softwood species. Although the direct effects of herbicide application are minimal, the resulting changes in vegetation have raised concern over its indirect effects on wildlife. On the other hand, clearcuts are high in plant diversity, which may provide beneficial resources for Hymenoptera in the clearcut area and the adjacent forest stands. To assess the short- and long-term impacts of herbicide application on insect communities, comparisons between stands of various ages and treatments are necessary. Insect traps provide one efficient method for …

Arboles Trabajando En Benficio De La Agricultura

Working Trees (USDA-NAC)

Imagine por un momento que en su finca usted cuenta con un producto capaz de controlar la erosión, aumentar el rendimiento de las cosechas y absorber los contaminantes en aguas de escorrentía. ¿Y que le parece si además pudiera proteger a los animales de fuertes vientos y temperaturas críticas, a la vez que éstos animales aumentan de peso y reducen los gastos de energía? Un producto que provea fuentes adicionales de ingreso y que provea diversidad al medioambiente, mantenga las aguas limpias y atraiga más vida silvestre. Seguramente la mayoría de nosostros correríamos a comprarlo.

Por supuesto un producto como …

Forested Wetlands Of The Southern United States: A Bibliography, William Conner, Nicole L. Hill, Evander M. Whitehead, William S. Busbee, Marceau A. Ratard, Mehmet Ozalp, Darrell L. Smith, James P. Marshall

Publications

The term forested wetland covers a variety of forest types including mangroves, cypress/tupelo swamps, bottomland hardwoods, pocosins and Carolina bays, flatwoods, and mountain fens. These forests are dominated by woody species that have morphological features, physiological adaptations, and/or reproductive strategies enabling them to achieve maturity and reproduce in an environment where the soils within the rooting zone may be inundated or saturated for various periods during the growing season. Although alluvial floodplains occur along most streams of the United States, they are most extensive in the Atlantic Coastal Plain, Gulf Coastal Plain, and Mississippi Alluvial Plain. Only about half of …

Temporal And Spatial Variation Of Nitrogen Transformations In Nitrogen-Saturated Soils Of A Central Appalachian Hardwood Forest, Frank S. Gilliam, Bradley M. Yurish, Mary Beth Adams

Biological Sciences Faculty Research

We studied temporal and spatial patterns of soil nitrogen (N) dynamics from 1993 to 1995 in three watersheds of Fernow Experimental Forest, W.V.: WS7 (24-year-old, untreated); WS4 (mature, untreated); and WS3 (24-year-old, treated with (NH4)2SO since 1989 at the rate of 35 kg Nha–1year–1). Net nitrification was 141, 114, and115 kg Nha–1year–1, for WS3, WS4, and WS7, respectively, essentially 100% of net N mineralization for all watersheds. Temporal (seasonal) patterns of nitrification were significantly related to soil moisture and ambient temperaturein untreated watersheds only. Spatial patterns of soil water NO3–of WS4 suggest that microenvironmental variabilitylimits rates of N processing in …

Meeting Minutes, September 15th, 2001, National Smokejumper Association Executive Committee

National Smokejumper Association Meeting Minutes

Agenda: Old Business; Treasurers Report.; Membership Report.; Merchandise Report.; Magazine Report.; Yearbook Report.; Trails Program.; Evergreen Museum.; Nsa Records Scanning Project.; Us Forest Service Museum.; Glacier Beer.; Additional Nsa Videos.; Status Of 2000 Data Base At The Sj Bases.; Reunion 2004.; New Business; Officers For Next Year.; Next Meeting Date.; Museum Of Mountain Flying.; Meeting Adjourned.;

Monitoring Dioxin Levels In Maine Rivers With Semipermeable Membrane Devices, Heather A. Shoven

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The Maine Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) currently monitors river dioxin levels through the sampling and destructive analysis of fish. Recent state law mandates that by December 31, 2002, the dioxin concentrations in fish downstream of a bleached Kraft pulp and paper mill are not to exceed the concentrations in fish upstream of the mill (38 M.R.S.A. §420-A). The objective of this thesis project was to develop an alternate method for determining Kraft mill compliance to this Dioxin law. This new method that uses semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) circumvents many of the concerns generated by the upstream-downstream fish test. An …

Public Conservation Land And Economic Growth In The Northern Forest Region, David Lewis

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Environmental issues frequently revolve around a perceived tradeoff between the economy and the environment. In the Northern Forest region, one of the most important environmental policy issues of recent years has been the ownership of vast stretches of undeveloped forestland. Specifically, the possibility of increasing public conservation ownership on these lands has emerged. Opponents of conservation lands often argue that employment will decline significantly when land is diverted from commodity-oriented uses such as forest products production. Proponents of conservation lands frequently cite the amenity benefits of conservation lands and the potential to diversify and stimulate the economy by designating more …

Modeling Vegetative Buffer Performance Considering Topographic Data Accuracy, Jason M. Brothers, Dean E. Eisenhauer, Matthew J. Helmers, Mike Dosskey, Thomas G. Franti

USDA Forest Service / UNL Faculty Publications

Riparian buffers are a promising tool in efforts to reduce sediment contribution to streams. Models that predict the capacity of buffers to trap sediment have recently been developed. A number of parameters that are required to conduct such modeling efforts are derived from the topography of the site. In this study, three topographic data sources were used to generate the model input for an agricultural field with a riparian buffer. The runoff and sediment transport in the system was then simulated for three years. As a result, the area that contributed runoff and sediment to the buffer was substantially different …

Genetic Diversity And Camptothecin Variation In Camptotheca Decaisne, Yuiie Wang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Camptotheca Decaisne is the major source of the promising anti-cancer alkaloids camptothecins. The main objectives of this study are (1) to reveal the genetic diversity of Camptotheca and to identify taxa with RAPD markers; (2) to determine the camptothecin (CPT) variations within and among different populations and taxa, with tissues, season, and age; and (3) to determine the effects of environmental stress on the camptothecin production in Camptotheca. RAPD markers provide a powerful tool for the identification of some populations (particularly cultivars) and the detection of genetic variation within Camptotheca. Three primers (OPA02, OPA03, and OPA04), generating 44 polymorphic bands …

Leaf Litter Decomposition And Nutrient Dynamics In Four Southern Forested Floodplain Communities, William Conner, Terrell T. Baker Iii, B Graeme Lockaby, Calvin Meier, John A. Stanturf, Marianne K. Burke

Publications

Decomposition of site-specific litter mixtures was monitored for 100 wk in four Roodplaht communities: (i) a mixed oak community along the Cache River in central Arkansas, (ii) s sweetgum (Liquidambar styracijlua L.)-cherrybark oak (Quercus falcata var. pagodaefolia ELI.) community along Iatt Creek in central Louisiana, (iii) a sweetgum-swamp tupelo [Nyssa sylvatica var. biflora (Walt.) Sarg.] community, and (iv) a laurel oak (Quercus laurifolia Michx.) commnnity
along the Coosawhatchie River in southeastern South Carolina. Soil temperature, hydroperiod, and litter quality (C:N, C:P, N:P, fignin: N) were used to interpret differences in the rates of mass loss and …

Meeting Minutes, June 16th, 2001, National Smokejumper Association Board Of Directors

National Smokejumper Association Meeting Minutes

Agenda: Board of Directors Elected; Term Completed; Treasurer's Report; Membership Report; Merchandise Report; Magazine Report; Other Museum-Related Actions; NSA Website; Relational Database; Digitizing NSA Records; Yearbook report; Trails Project; Investment Fund; Commercial Purposes; Video Report; Planning Chairman; NEW BUSINESS; Election of new officers; Reunion 2004; Teleconferencing; Award Certificates; Next Meetings; Magazine Deadline; Missoula Visitor's Center; Adjourn;

How To Evaluate The Financial Maturity Of Timber, Steven H. Bullard

Faculty Publications

If you own merchantable timber, you face an important question on a continuing basis: "Should I sell my timber now or should I wait?" How you respond to this question involves many issues, of course, including stand conditions, site conditions, and other physical and biological considerations. For many landowners, however, financial considerations are also extremely important. In this article we discuss "financial maturity" as a specific tool that can be used to help evaluate timber harvest decisions.

Influence Of Starch Molecular Weight And Sodium Alginate On Silicone Holdout For Release Papers, Peter Suchy

Masters Theses

This research was focused on determining the influence of applying one type of potato starch of various molecular weights on silicone holdout. Also, combinations of potato starch with a rheology modifier, sodium alginate, of low, medium, and high molecular weight were studied. The base paper employed was a commercially available paper generally used to manufacture release papers.

Sizing with low molecular weight potato starch is more effective for silicone holdout than sizing with high molecular weight potato starch. This study showed that the paper sized with low molecular weight potato starch has a smoother surface, lower permeability, and a smaller …

Hot Melt Inks For Rotogravure-Formulation, Print Ability And Rheology, James Atkinson

Masters Theses

A new generation of phase change, or hot melt ink will be formulated. This ink was solid at ambient temperature and liquid at the moment of printing. Inks will be formulated on the basis of polyethylene and Ethyl Vinylacetate chemistry. Inks were printed using a Meyer rod for screening printability study. Selection of the best formulations will be done on the basis of reflective density, specular gloss, mottle, and rub resistance. Screened inks having best properties were printed on the Moser laboratory sheetfed proofing press. More detailed printability analysis was done after Moser printing, including dot structure analysis, tone gradation, …

Assessing Silicone Holdout For Release Papers, Rudolf Haraga

Masters Theses

Silicone coating is widely used on papers that require low surface tension. Such papers are called release papers and are used in label, food, and packaging applications. Before silicone coating is applied, the base paper undergoes sizing procedures to smooth the surface and to cover voids present in the surface of the paper substrate. After the base paper is properly sized, it is silicone coated. This makes the surface of the base paper have a low surface energy. Therefore, when a second adhesive paper is applied to the base paper, the second adhesive paper can be easily recovered from the …

Heartrot Fungi's Role In Creating Picid Nesting Sites In Living Aspen, J.H. Hart, D.L. Hart

Aspen Bibliography

To determine the number of cavity-containing aspens in old-growth (>80 years), we counted the number of stems containing cavities in 132 0.02-ha plots in Wyoming. There were 8.7 cavities/ha of aspen type. At least 84% of the cavity stems were alive when the initial cavity was constructed; 60% were alive when examined. Fruiting bodies and Phellinus tremulae (a heartrot fungus) were present on 71% of all cavity-bearing stems but on only 9.6% of all stems >15 cm d.b.h. Cavities were present in 7.7% and 0.2% of living stems with and without fruiting bodies, respectively. Average d.b.h. of cavity stems …

Economic Impact Of Snowmobiling In Utah, Ikuko Fujisaki

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to estimate statewide and local economic impact resulting from snowmobiling activities in Utah to gain a better understanding of preferences and opinions of Utah snowmobilers. The results will provide valuable information for snowmobiling management.

The survey instrument was designed to describe trip behavior, snowmobiling-related trip and annual expenditures, level of satisfaction with Utah snowmobiling opportunities, and demographics. A telephone survey was conducted with randomly selected households with registered snowmobiles during the period from April to June 2000. A 54.5% response rate yielded 373 usable completed questionnaires for data analysis.

For economic impact analysis, an …

Ecology Of Treeline Whitebark Pine (Pinus Albicaulis) Populations In Central Idaho: Successional Status, Recruitment, And Mortality, And A Spring Temperature Reconstruction From Whitebark Pine Tree Rings, Dana Lee Perkins

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This research investigated the successional status of treeline whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) populations on 14 stands in central Idaho and used empirical statistical models to determine the principal factors affecting recruitment and mortality. The longest lived whitebark pines from four additional high-elevation sites were used to develop a tree-ring chronology to reconstruct over 1,000 years of average April-May temperature.

The assessment of stand structures using size-frequency distributions generally provides evidence that treeline whitebark pine populations are currently self-sustaining in areas of low to nonexistent incidence of white pine blister rust (Cronartium ribicola). However the presence of …

Patterns Of Avian Productivity Indices At Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge (1995–1999), Tina Louise Gallegos

Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA

I examined demographic parameters at Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, 1995–1999 utilizing Monitoring Avian Productivity and Survivorship protocol. The Olive Sparrow was the species most frequently captured. The capture rate of adult and young birds remained fairly steady over the years and no significant linear trends were observed. Productivity was highest in 1997, which influenced the number of adults captured in 1998, and was significantly related to annual rainfall. Mean total capture rates were higher at the Highland station than the Resaca station. Demographic comparisons between mist nets and point counts were variable, suggesting that both sampling techniques have their …

Comparison Of Rodent Communities Of Native Brushland, Replanted, And Secondary Succession Sites In The Lower Rio Grande Valley Of Texas, Mitchell Allen Sternberg

Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA

I compared small mammal communities between mature brushlands, replanted brushlands, and secondary succession sites from November 1998 to December 1999 to evaluate revegetation efforts in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas. I determined rodent community characteristics of the three habitat types. The mature brushland and replanted habitats had similar species diversities and both were significantly higher than the secondary succession habitat. Species diversity was highest at the replanted edge grid during Winter. The current replanting method provides a more diverse rodent community than does natural succession from fallow fields. Wildlife monitoring should be extended to other taxonomic guilds so …

Meeting Minutes, April 7th, 2001, National Smokejumper Association Executive Committee

National Smokejumper Association Meeting Minutes

Agenda: Magazine Report.; Merchandise Report.; Video Report.; Membership Report.; Financial Report.; Evergreen Museum.; Digitizing old NSA Documents.; NSA History Book.; Web Site.; Database Protocol.; Guidelines For NSA Socials.; Upcoming June Meeting in Missoula.; Other Items.; Adjourn.;

Ice Storm Damage To Virginia Coastal Plain Forests During The Christmas 1998 Ice Storm, Peter Elstner, Stewart Ware

Virginia Journal of Science

On December 23-25, 1998, a major ice storm struck southeastern Virginia. The storm-deposited glaze ice felled trees and limbs, causing a power outage and highway blockage. Between February and April, 1999, we recorded occurrence, severity, and type of damage to trees over 2.5 cm dbh in nine mostly gently sloping plots in Matoaka Woods at the College of William and Mary. Frequency and severity of damage varied with species and with size of trees. Canopy damage occurred in 75% of large Fagus grandifolia trees, but in only 6% of small Sassafras albidum stems. As a group, small (2.5 to 15 …

Reducing Decomposition Time In Landfills By An Aerobic Process, Cameron Clark

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

This experiment was performed to determine if sludge produced by the paper industry could be composted faster by promoting the aerobic degradation process. To perform this experiment, I chose a sludge produced by a virgin pulp mill. Once I collected sludge, it was dewatered to a moisture content of sixty-five percent or less. As soon as the sludge was dewatered, I set up four separate composting systems, three of which were run under aerobic conditions and one that was run under anaerobic conditions. The anaerobic conditions only had sludge and plastic for its bulking agent. In the aerobic systems there …