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Cover Pages

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Cover pages for TGLE Vol. 51 Nos. 1 & 2

Cover Art

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Cover art for TGLE Vol. 51 Nos. 1 & 2

Tgle Vol. 51 Nos. 1 & 2 Full Issue

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Full issue for TGLE Vol. 51 Nos. 1 & 2

Novel Prey Record For Scymnus Caudalis Leconte And First Records Of Four Other Species Of Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) In Wisconsin, U.S.A., Louis S. Hesler, Jedidiah Nixon

The Great Lakes Entomologist

New prey and distribution records are presented for five species of lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Scymnus (Pullus) caudalis LeConte is recorded for the first time preying on Aphis asclepiadis Fitch (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Four other lady beetle species are newly recorded in the state of Wisconsin, U.S.A: Diomus amabilis (LeConte), Diomus terminatus Say, Scymnus (Pullus) uncus Wingo, and Hyperaspidius wolcotti (Nunenmacher). The new state records represent minor to moderate extensions of previously known geographic distributions for these species. In addition, the records emphasize the importance of processing uncurated zoological specimens to provide information about the prey of particular species and to …

Dragonfly (Odonata: Corduliidae, Macromiidae, Gomphidae, Aeshnidae) And Damselfly (Odonata: Calopterygidae) Exuviae Observed At Record Heights In Pinus Strobus And Picea Abies Canopies, Madison M. Laughlin, Jonathan G. Martin, Patrick J. Liesch, Erik R. Olson

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Most odonate species do not typically climb higher than 50 cm when choosing an emergence support. We observed multiple species of odonate nymphs using trees as emergence supports at heights greater than 50 cm and up to 4, 6.9, and 14.6 m for Calopteryx maculata (Ebony Jewelwing), Somatochlora minor (Ocellated Emerald), and Didymops transversa (Stream Cruiser), respectively. These heights represent the greatest heights ever documented for odonate nymphs emergence supports. Our research suggests that some species (S. minor; D. transversa) appear to have a greater affinity for climbing to great heights during emergence than others (Dromogomphus spinosus …

An Inventory Of Cicadellidae, Aphrophoridae, And Delphacidae (Hemiptera) In The Alvar Grasslands Of The Maxton Plains, Michigan, Max W. Spencer, James P. Dunn, Evan M. Szymczak

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Alvars are rare grassland communities found in the North American Great Lakes Region consisting of thin mineral soil over limestone bedrock and act as refugia for many unique and threatened endemic species. Few studies have catalogued Hemiptera species present in the alvars of the Maxton Plains on Drummond Island, MI. We aimed to add to these species lists, compare species diversity between alvar sites with varying levels of exposed bedrock, and test if an unpaved limestone road running through our sample sites influenced Hemipteran populations. We collected several prairie endemic species of Cicadellidae (Hemiptera), including a new record for the …

Pentatomidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) Captured On Purple Prism Traps Deployed For Detection Of Emerald Ash Borer (Agrilus Planipennis) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) In Minnesota, Daniela T. Pezzini, Mitch Haag, James Walker, Robert L. Koch

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The observation of bycatch from insect trapping programs, though often considered bothersome, may hold value for ecological and taxonomic studies. In Minnesota, a large trapping survey consisting of pheromone-baited purple prism traps, has been conducted for early detection of Agrilus planipennis, the emerald ash borer. Stink bugs (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), which are pests of increasing importance in the North Central U.S., were observed to be captured by these traps. The objective of this study was to use trap bycatch from the A. planipennis traps for further documentation of the abundance and diversity of Pentatomidae in Minnesota. In 2011 and 2012, 4,401 …

Intercepted Silvanidae [Insecta: Coleoptera] From The International Falls, Mn [Usa] Port-Of-Entry, Gary D. Ouellette

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Silvanidae species recorded in association with imported commodities, at United States ports-of-entry, have not been comprehensively studied. The present study examines the species of beetles of the family Silvanidae intercepted during agricultural quarantine inspections at the International Falls, MN port-of-entry. A total of 244 beetles representing two subfamilies, three genera, and four species of Silvanidae were collected between June 2016 and June 2017. Taxa were associated with 13 imported commodities and recorded from seven countries of origin. A substantial proportion (97.4%) of the records included Silvanus lewisi Reitter and Ahasverus advena (Waltl), two cosmopolitan species associated with dried stored products …

Arthropod Fauna Associated With Wild And Cultivated Cranberries In Wisconsin, Shawn A. Steffan, Merritt E. Singleton, Michael L. Draney, Elissa M. Chasen, Kyle E. Johnson, Juan E. Zalapa

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton) is an evergreen, trailing shrub native to North American peatlands. It is cultivated commercially in the US and Canada, with major production centers in Wisconsin, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Washington, Québec, and British Columbia. Despite the agricultural importance of cranberry in Wisconsin, relatively little is known of its arthropod associates, particularly the arachnid fauna. Here we report preliminary data on the insect and spider communities associated with wild and cultivated cranberries in Wisconsin. We then compare the insect and spider communities of wild cranberry systems to those of cultivated cranberries, indexed by region. Approximately 7,400 …

Leptinotarsa Decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Observed Feeding On Chamaesaracha Sp. In Eastern Colorado., Michael S. Crossley, Benjamin Pélissié, Zachary Cohen, Sean D. Schoville

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Egg, larval, and adult life stages of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), were observed feeding on or attached to a previously undocumented host plant belonging to the genus Chamaesaracha in eastern Colorado on July 2017. At one site, L. decemlineata were more abundant on Chamaesaracha sp. than the accepted ancestral host plant, Solanum rostratum (Dunal). While future studies should confirm the ancestral status of the observed L. decemlineata and suitability of Chamaesaracha sp. for completion of development, our observations suggest a need for further characterization of the ancestral host range of L. decemlineata.

The Ability Of Specific-Wavelength Led Lights To Attract Night-Flying Insects, Ryan S. Zemel, David Houghton

The Great Lakes Entomologist

This paper describes a portable collecting light, designed by the authors, that weighs 0.3 kg, is powered by 8 AA batteries, and uses 9 light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to attract night-flying insects. Five different wavelengths of these LED lights, all within the long-wave ultraviolet spectrum, were compared to each other and to a commercially-available 15w fluorescent ultraviolet tube light for their abilities to collect insects over a series of 5 nights in July 2016. There was no difference in order richness, total specimen abundance, or the specimen abundance of most common orders between any of the wavelengths tested. Most LED wavelengths, …

The Drosophilids Of A Pristine Old-Growth Northern Hardwood Forest, Thomas Werner

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The current study summarizes the results of a species inventory survey for drosophilid flies (family Drosophilidae, order Diptera) in a primeval forest in northern Michigan. The two main goals of the investigation were to list the species inhabiting the Huron Mountain Club and to collect live specimens for the illustrations in the book "Drosophilids of the Midwest and Northeast". From 2014 to 2016, I found 22 drosophilid species, which belong to the two subfamilies Steganinae and Drosophilinae. Future long-term studies are planned to test how the drosophilid populations respond to climate change.

Tgle Vol 50 Nos. 3 & 4 Full Issue

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The Great Lakes Entomologist Volume 50 Numbers 3 & 4 Fall/Winter full issue.

Insect (Arthropoda: Insecta) Composition In The Diet Of Ornate Box Turtles (Terrapene Ornata Ornata) In Two Western Illinois Sand Prairies, With A New State Record For Cyclocephala (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), Reese J. Worthington, E. R. Sievers, D. B. Ligon, P. K. Lago

The Great Lakes Entomologist

A study of fecal samples collected over a two-year period from juvenile ornate box turtles (Terrapene ornata ornata Agassiz) revealed diets consisting of six orders of insects representing 19 families. Turtles were reared in captivity from eggs harvested from local, wild populations, and released at two remnant prairies. Identifiable insect fragments were found in 94% of samples in 2013 (n=33) and 96% in 2014 (n=25). Frequency of occurrence of insects in turtle feces is similar to results reported in previous studies of midwestern Terrapene species. A comparison of insect composition presented no significant difference between release sites. There is …

The Effects Of Soil Moisture, Soil Texture, And Host Orientation On The Ability Of Heterorhabditis Bacteriophora (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) To Infect Galleria Mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), Suzanne M. Hartley, John R. Wallace

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Abstract

Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) demonstrate potential as a biological control for soil dwelling insects. However, edaphic factors, such as soil moisture and texture impact the efficacy of EPN on a host. The objectives were to examine the effects of soil texture and moisture on 1) the infection rate of Galleria mellonella L. by EPN and; 2) the ability of H. bacteriophora (Poinar) to move through the soil to find a host at different orientations. Soil textures consisted of sand, a sand/silt/peat mixture, and a silt/peat mixture at 50% and 100% moisture. A general linear model was used to evaluate infection …

Cover Pages

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Cover pages for TGLE Vol. 50 Nos. 3 & 4

Cover Art

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Cover Art for TGLE Issue 50 Nos. 3 & 4

New Species Records For Wisconsin False Click Beetles (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae),, Robert L. Otto, Daniel K. Young

The Great Lakes Entomologist

In Wisconsin, Microrhagus opacus, Euryptychus ulkei and Fornax bicolor are recorded for the first time. Records for these three species are based on nine specimens, most of which were taken since 2008. Two specimens of M. opacus taken from a Grant County Malaise trap in the late 1970’s as part of a statewide gypsy moth parasitoid recovery project, were previously identified as Microrhagus audax. Most of the specimens reported herein were taken late in the collecting season, primarily during August. A checklist of the 20 genera and 41 species of Wisconsin Eucnemidae is also included.

The Bee, A Natural History, By Noah Wilson-Rich (2014, Princeton University Press. Isbn: 9780691161358. Us$27.95), Gard W. Otis Dr.

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

Upon receiving “The Bee, A Natural History”, by Noah Wilson Rich, I was drawn in by the title and the beautiful rust and grey front cover featuring a nearly 3-D photo of a honey bee. I immediately felt twinges of excitement—this is the book I have always wanted to have available for my university course, Apiculture and Honey Bee Biology—and disappointment—I did not write it! The “bee”— singular—accompanied by the high-resolution photo, suggested that this book focused on the world’s best understood insect that my course is centered around, Apis mellifera.

First Record Of The Arid-Land Termite, Reticulitermes Tibialis Banks, In Wisconsin, Rachel A. Arango

The Great Lakes Entomologist

During a survey of termites in Wisconsin, one colony was found from a different habitat than the remaining populations. This observation led to further genetic testing which resulted in a determination of Reticulitermes tibialis Banks. This is the first record of a termite species other than Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar) to be established in the state.

Regional Caddisfly (Trichoptera) Indicator Species For Mid-Order Michigan And Minnesota Streams, David C. Houghton

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Nearly 150,000 caddisfly specimens representing 238 species were analyzed from 166 5–15m wide streams within Michigan and Minnesota to deter- mine the characteristic indicator species of 5 previously-established regions of caddisfly biological diversity. Based on a combination of relative frequency and abundance, 35 of these species indicated a particular region or regions. Indicator species in forested regions constituted a balance of trophic functional groups, whereas indicator species from agricultural regions were dominated by filtering collectors. While it was difficult to determine if species were indicating natural habitat type or differences in anthropogenic disturbance, establishing indicator species now will render potential …

How Did E. M. Walker Measure The Length Of The Labium Of Nymphs Of Aeshna And Rhionaeschna (Odonata: Aeshnidae)?, Robert B. Dubois, Kenneth J. Tennessen

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The exhaustive studies of nymphs of Aeshna Fabricius and Rhionaeschna Förster by E. M. Walker (1912-1958) have long guided the taxonomy of these groups and formed the basis for keys still in use today. However, uncertainty about how he measured the length of the labium, including the varied terminology he used over the duration of his career concerning this structure, has led to confusion about application of his taxonomic recommendations. We recalculated ratios of the maximum width/length [W(max)/L] by measuring the illustration dimensions of folded labia and prementums in publications throughout his career and compared these data with the ratios …

Phenological Attributes And Phylogenetic Relationships Of Rhagoletis Juniperina Marcovitch (Diptera: Tephritidae) In The Great Lakes Region, Megan Frayer, Daniel Hulbert, Serdar Satar, James J. Smith

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Rhagoletis juniperina Marcovitch (Diptera: Tephritidae) infests Eastern Red Cedar (Juniperus virginiana L.) and other North American junipers. While several Rhagoletis species are of interest as orchard crop pests (apple maggot, blueberry maggot, cherry fruit fly) and as models for studying speciation (R. pomonella Walsh species group), R. juniperina is of interest because it may tie together evolutionarily the Nearctic and Palearctic Rhagoletis fauna. One goal of this study was to test two competing hypotheses first proposed by Bush (1966): i) that R. juniperina is more closely related to the Nearctic dogwood- infesting R. tabellaria (Fitch), to which it …

Comparison Of Different Trap Colors And Types For Capturing Adult Agrilus (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) And Other Buprestids, Toby R. Petrice, Robert A. Haack

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Numerous research studies have focused on the development of effective traps for surveying and monitoring for emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis (Fairmaire) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), since it was discovered in North America. However, little attention has been placed on developing effective traps for monitoring and surveying other Agrilus and Buprestidae. In 2009–2011, we conducted several studies to test the attractiveness of different trap colors and types of sticky traps to Agrilus and other Buprestidae. We found green (peak reflectance: 530–536 nm, 57.6%) sticky traps that consisted of custom colored corrugated plastic, and were coated with insect trapping glue to be the …

Survival And Phenology Of Agrilus Planipennis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) Reared On A Newly Developed Artificial Diet Free Of Host Material, Melody A. Keena, Hannah Nadel, Juli Gould

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The final phase in the development of an artificial diet that contains no ash host material and the phenology of the emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Bupresidae) on that diet are documented. A diet containing powdered ash phloem exists, but host material introduces potential variability and contamination, and the cost and effort needed to collect and process it can be high. The post-embryonic development of A. planipennis was evaluated on four artificial diets lacking host material, and effects of variations in diet layer thickness and moisture content were also investigated. The best diet and rearing method resulted in …

Nocturnal Flight Periodicity Of The Caddisflies (Trichoptera) In Forest And Meadow Habitats Of A First Order Michigan Stream, Kiralyn Brakel, Lydia R. Wassink, David C. Houghton

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Using ultraviolet light traps, over 5000 caddisfly specimens were collected from a forest and a meadow habitat of Fairbanks Creek in northern Lower Michigan. Samples were collected every 15 minutes, interspersed with 15 minutes of no sampling, from sunset to sunrise during 5 nights from late June to mid-July 2014. Despite having fundamentally different caddisfly assemblages dominated by different species, mean specimen abundance and mean species richness in both habitats exhibited similar trends: peaking between 22:30 and 23:00, decreasing until 02:00 or 02:30, increasing again slightly during the later morning periods, and then decreasing to near zero by 06:00. On …

First Record Of The Enicocephalidae (Heteroptera) In Michigan And Ohio, Daniel R. Swanson

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The unique-headed bug, Systelloderes biceps (Say), is reported from Michigan and Ohio, resulting in two new state records for the family Enicocephalidae.

Movement Patterns Of Carabid Beetles Between Heterogenous Crop And Noncrop Habitats, Heather Russon, J. Megan Woltz

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Habitats adjacent to crop fields can increase natural enemy populations by providing additional food, shelter and overwintering sites. While many studies have focused on the role of non-crop borders for supporting natural enemies, here we investigate the influence of adjacent crop habitats as well. We monitored the movement of carabid beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) between wheat fields and adjacent crop and non-crop habitats using bi-directional pitfall traps. We found greater movement of carabids from corn into wheat fields than from forest and soybean, with intermediate levels of movement from roadside vegetation. Additionally, significantly more carabids were captured moving into corn from …

Stink Bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) Of Minnesota: An Annotated Checklist And New State Records, Robert L. Koch, David A. Rider, Paul P. Tinerella, Walter A. Rich

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Pentatomidae have been relatively poorly documented in Minnesota. Based on literature and museum records, an annotated checklist of the Pentatomidae of Minnesota was created. State-level and county-level records for Minnesota and the distribution of each species in North America are provided. Fifty-one species of Pentatomidae (12 Asopinae, 37 Pentatominae, and 2 Podopinae) are recorded for Minnesota. Of this total, 15 species are newly recorded for the state. Knowledge of the fauna of Pentatomidae in Minnesota will be important for providing baseline data for monitoring of potential shifts in the fauna resulting from the invasions of exotic Pentatomidae. Furthermore, a list …

Northern-Most North American Flower Visitation Records Of The Introduced Flower Fly, Syritta Flaviventris (Diptera: Syrphidae) And Comparisons With Sympatric Species, Syritta Pipiens, C. Sheena Sidhu, D. J. Biddinger

The Great Lakes Entomologist

We report for the first time the syrphid fly, Syritta flaviventris (Macquart), collected in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, as the northern-most record for this introduced Mediterranean species. In total, 3 male specimens and 1 female specimen were net collected on three flower species (Verbena hastata, Eryngium yuccifolium and Asclepias incarnata), at a single site of 11 monitored farm sites in southern Pennsylvania. Floral records for the similar introduced sibling species, Syritta pipiens (L.), are presented as well. Passive monitoring with colored pan traps used to monitor bee populations at these sites was not effective in collecting either species of …