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Articles 1 - 7 of 7
Full-Text Articles in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
Effects Of Experimental Malaria Infection On Migration Of Yellow-Rumped Warblers (Setophaga Coronata), Rebecca J. Howe
Effects Of Experimental Malaria Infection On Migration Of Yellow-Rumped Warblers (Setophaga Coronata), Rebecca J. Howe
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The potential of migratory animals to spread infectious diseases depends on how infection affects movement. If infection delays or slows the speed of travel, transmission to uninfected individuals may be reduced. Whether and how malaria (Plasmodium spp.) affects bird migration has received little experimental research. I captured 40 actively-migrating Yellow-rumped Warblers (Setophaga coronata) at a migration stopover site and held them in captivity. I inoculated 25 with P. cathemerium while 15 received sham inoculations. After 12 days the birds were released. Six P. cathemerium-inoculated birds (24%) developed P. cathemerium infections after inoculation. I radio-tagged all birds, …
Hitchhiker's Guide To Migration: Effects Of Experimental Parasitic Infection And Other Immune Challenges On Migratory Traits Of Sparrows, Tosha R. Kelly
Hitchhiker's Guide To Migration: Effects Of Experimental Parasitic Infection And Other Immune Challenges On Migratory Traits Of Sparrows, Tosha R. Kelly
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Seasonal migration exposes animals to a variety of habitats and parasites, and if infected migratory birds migrate successfully there is great potential for birds to transport infectious diseases long distances. Our current understanding of whether birds contribute to the spread of disease relies upon observational field studies that are limited in their ability to discern cause from effect. Using captive and field-based experiments for my doctoral research, I answered three research questions: (1) are nocturnal migratory restlessness (Zugunruhe) and body condition affected by mounting an acute phase immune response during migration; (2) what are the impacts of parasitic …
Within-Wing Isotopic (Δ2h, Δ13c, Δ15n) Variation Of Monarch Butterflies: Implications For Studies Of Migratory Origins And Diet, Keith A. Hobson, Tessa Plint, Eligio García Serrano, Xiomara Mora Alvarez, Isabel Ramirez, Fred J. Longstaffe
Within-Wing Isotopic (Δ2h, Δ13c, Δ15n) Variation Of Monarch Butterflies: Implications For Studies Of Migratory Origins And Diet, Keith A. Hobson, Tessa Plint, Eligio García Serrano, Xiomara Mora Alvarez, Isabel Ramirez, Fred J. Longstaffe
Earth Sciences Publications
Increasingly, stable isotope measurements are being used to assign individuals to broad geographic origins based on established relationships between animal tissues and tissue-specific isoscapes. In particular, the eastern North American population of the monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) has been the subject of several studies using established δ2H and δ13C wing-tissue isoscapes to infer natal origins of migrating and overwintering individuals. However, there has been no study investigating potential variance that can derive from sub-sampling different regions of the wings, especially those regions differing in pigmentation (orange versus black). Within-wing isotopic (δ2H, …
Stable Isotope Investigation Of The Migratory Behavior Of Silverhaired Bats (Lasionycteris Noctivagans) In Eastern North America, Erin E. Fraser, Darin Brooks, Fred J. Longstaffe
Stable Isotope Investigation Of The Migratory Behavior Of Silverhaired Bats (Lasionycteris Noctivagans) In Eastern North America, Erin E. Fraser, Darin Brooks, Fred J. Longstaffe
Earth Sciences Publications
We investigated the migratory movements of silver-haired bats (Lasionycteris noctivagans) across the eastern extent of the species’ range. We conducted stable hydrogen isotope analysis of fur samples (δ2Hfur) from museum specimens collected across latitudes and at all times of the year. We first used these data to estimate the timing of fur replacement and to develop a model associating δ2Hfur with that of local precipitation (δ2Hprecip) at the location where fur replacement occurred. We then used this model to 1) identify individuals that had migrated …
Weather And Photoperiod Indices Of Autumn And Winter Dabbling Duck Abundance In The Mississippi And Atlantic Flyways Of North America, Lena M. Van Den Elsen
Weather And Photoperiod Indices Of Autumn And Winter Dabbling Duck Abundance In The Mississippi And Atlantic Flyways Of North America, Lena M. Van Den Elsen
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Climate change may influence autumn and winter distributions of dabbling ducks throughout the Atlantic and Mississippi Flyways of North America. To determine how weather and photoperiod influenced autumn-winter abundances of dabbling ducks at staging areas in eastern North America, I modeled weather and photoperiod variables with rate of change in relative abundance of various dabbling duck species over space and time. Latitude was incorporated into models to determine if changes in duck abundance in relation to weather severity were influenced by locale. Changes in abundance were best described by weather models incorporating temperature and snowfall variables for all species except …
Natural Variation In Malarial Infection And Immune Investment In A Migratory Songbird, And The Effects Of Infection On Flight Performance, Laura Rooney
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Endurance flight and immune defense are energetically costly activities for birds, and there may be a trade-off between migration and immune investment. Avian blood parasites consume host resources, which may decrease a bird’s resource pool so that endurance flight and immune defense may not be possible simultaneously. I developed a molecular method to detect and quantify blood parasite infection in migrating yellow-rumped warblers (Setophaga coronata), and measured immune activity. I assessed the impact of infection on endurance flight performance and refueling in captive birds. Infection status was not related to age or sex, or timing of migration, and …
Dynamics Of Fat And Lean Mass In Refuelling Migrant Passerines Measured Using Quantitative Magnetic Resonance, Lisa V. Kennedy
Dynamics Of Fat And Lean Mass In Refuelling Migrant Passerines Measured Using Quantitative Magnetic Resonance, Lisa V. Kennedy
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Although fat deposition during stopover in migrating passerine birds has been extensively studied, changes in lean mass during refuelling are not well understood. I used quantitative magnetic resonance (QMR) analysis to measure the deposition of fat and lean mass for both recaptured and single capture migrant passerines in spring and fall at Long Point, Ontario. Both the recapture analysis and single capture regression analysis indicated a substantial contribution of lean mass to overall increases in total body mass. Some of the variation in the relative deposition of fat and lean mass was explained by sex, age and season. I then …