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Articles 1 - 15 of 15
Full-Text Articles in Cell and Developmental Biology
Effects Of Adenovirus Infection On The Localization Of Cellular Protein Pat1b, Emilee Friedman, Kasey A. Karen
Effects Of Adenovirus Infection On The Localization Of Cellular Protein Pat1b, Emilee Friedman, Kasey A. Karen
Georgia Journal of Science
Adenoviruses are a diverse family of nonenveloped, double-stranded DNA viruses with a variety of vertebrate hosts including humans. Over 50 serotypes of human adenovirus have been identified, and cause a number of illnesses, including conjunctivitis, gastroenteritis, and respiratory infections. The life cycle of adenovirus is divided into immediate early, early, and late phases, with immediate early proteins controlling transcription and the cell cycle, early proteins being largely regulatory, and late proteins being structural. Early proteins such as E4 11k have been demonstrated to relocalize key cellular proteins, including proteins found within mRNA processing bodies (p-bodies). It is hypothesized that E4 …
Stochastic Analysis Of A Mammalian Circadian Clock Model: Small Protein Number Effects, David W. Morgens, Blerta Shtylla
Stochastic Analysis Of A Mammalian Circadian Clock Model: Small Protein Number Effects, David W. Morgens, Blerta Shtylla
Spora: A Journal of Biomathematics
The circadian clock, responsible for coordinating organism function with daily and seasonal changes in the day-night cycle, is controlled by a complex protein network that constitutes a robust biochemical oscillator. Deterministic ordinary differential equation models have been used extensively to model the behavior of these central clocks. However, due to the small number of proteins involved in the circadian oscillations, mathematical models that track stochastic variations in the numbers of clock proteins may reveal more complex and biologically relevant behaviors. In this paper, we compare the response of a robust yet detailed deterministic model for the mammalian circadian clock with …
Examining The Electrical Excitation, Calcium Signaling, And Mechanical Contraction Cycle In A Heart Cell, Kristen Deetz, Nygel Foster, Darius Leftwich, Chad Meyer, Shalin Patel, Carlos Barajas, Matthias K. Gobbert, Zana Coulibaly
Examining The Electrical Excitation, Calcium Signaling, And Mechanical Contraction Cycle In A Heart Cell, Kristen Deetz, Nygel Foster, Darius Leftwich, Chad Meyer, Shalin Patel, Carlos Barajas, Matthias K. Gobbert, Zana Coulibaly
Spora: A Journal of Biomathematics
As the leading cause of death in the United States, heart disease has become a principal concern in modern society. Cardiac arrhythmias can be caused by a dysregulation of calcium dynamics in cardiomyocytes. Calcium dysregulation, however, is not yet fully understood and is not easily predicted; this provides motivation for the subsequent research. Excitation-contraction coupling (ECC) is the process through which cardiomyocytes undergo contraction from an action potential. Calcium induced calcium release (CICR) is the mechanism through which electrical excitation is coupled with mechanical contraction through calcium signaling. The study of the interplay between electrical excitation, calcium signaling, and mechanical …
About Logan Weihe And Beloved Microcosm, Logan M. Weihe
About Logan Weihe And Beloved Microcosm, Logan M. Weihe
Steeplechase: An ORCA Student Journal
No abstract provided.
Pam-1 Localizations In The Regulation Of Autophagy During Caenorhabditis Elegans Oogenesis, Ashley N. Munie
Pam-1 Localizations In The Regulation Of Autophagy During Caenorhabditis Elegans Oogenesis, Ashley N. Munie
Steeplechase: An ORCA Student Journal
Autophagy, the cell's recycling system, is a highly-conserved survival mechanism of the cell. Autophagy has been implicated in the mediation of the removal of cytotoxic aggregates, such as those linked to neurodegenerative disorders like Huntington and Alzheimer disease. Studies in several model organisms have identified numerous genes involved in mediating autophagy, including the Puromycin sensitive aminopeptidase (Psa). The Caenorhabditis elegans orthologue of Psa, pam-1, also governs fertility. Along with apoptosis, a form of regulated cell death, autophagy has been found to be required for efficient C. elegans oogenesis. When autophagy is suppressed through RNAi in worms harboring …
Investigation Of Moringa Oleifera Leaf Extract And Its Cancer-Selective Antiproliferative Properties, Reagen H. Welch, Ashlee H. Tietje
Investigation Of Moringa Oleifera Leaf Extract And Its Cancer-Selective Antiproliferative Properties, Reagen H. Welch, Ashlee H. Tietje
Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science
Moringa oleifera is a tree native to a number of Asian, African, and Central American countries and has been used in traditional medicine for an assortment of medicinal uses for centuries. Due to bioactive compounds within Moringa leaves, it is believed that Moringa leaf extract may possess cancer-selective antiproliferative properties. Previous research has been conducted in regards to this topic, but poor experimental design due to lack of necessary controls limits the legitimacy of anticancer claims. While previous research has shown that Moringa leaf extract has the potential to kill cancer cells, the research fails to demonstrate the effects of …
Optimizing Sperm Collection Procedures In Zebrafish, Madelyn B. Wasden, Rachel L. Roberts, April Delaurier
Optimizing Sperm Collection Procedures In Zebrafish, Madelyn B. Wasden, Rachel L. Roberts, April Delaurier
Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science
Zebrafish are a highly-valued model organism used for developmental biology research. Zebrafish can be used for genetic manipulation and hence, many mutant and transgenic lines exist. It is impractical to maintain lines of adult zebrafish, due to resource constraints and the need to continuously produce new generations. Therefore, a practical way to preserve zebrafish lines is to freeze sperm and retrieve lines using in vitro fertilization of fresh eggs. Most existing in vitro protocols used by research labs have a wide variety of fertilization rates (ranging from 0% to >90%). Due to this variability, lines may be at risk of …
Microstructure Of Attachment Mechanisms Of Newly Hatched Larvae Of Four Cyprinid Species With Comments On Terminology, George E. Maurakis, Eugene G. Maurakis
Microstructure Of Attachment Mechanisms Of Newly Hatched Larvae Of Four Cyprinid Species With Comments On Terminology, George E. Maurakis, Eugene G. Maurakis
Virginia Journal of Science
An adhesive organ is a prominent, protruding mucus secreting gland that is used by newly hatched tadpoles and larvae of some fishes to attach to aquatic vegetation. The objective of this research is to test the hypothesis that newly hatched cyprinid larvae of Hybognathus hankinsoni, Notemigonus crysoleucas, Cyprinus carpio and Gila atraria contain cephalic adhesive organs. Newly hatched larvae of Semotilus atromaculatus, which do not attach to submerged aquatic vegetation, were used as the control. SEM examination of newly hatched larvae indicate there were no adhesive organs on the control species (S. atromaculatus) or test species …
Characterization Of Different Molecular Markers For Identification Of Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhi In Pakistani Population, Faizan Muttiullah, Fida Muhammad Khan, Fakhar-I- Abbas, Sabiha Shamim
Characterization Of Different Molecular Markers For Identification Of Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhi In Pakistani Population, Faizan Muttiullah, Fida Muhammad Khan, Fakhar-I- Abbas, Sabiha Shamim
Journal of Bioresource Management
Typhoid is caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi that is usually diagnosed by using serologic and immuno-chromatographic techniques in developing counties including Pakistan, which is thought to be an unreliable diagnostic method. For accurate diagnosis we used molecular techniques to amplify 204 bp StyR-36 and 498 bp flagellin gene for the identification of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi. This study was done on 58 individuals diagnosed positive of typhoid via serologic tests and 50 healthy individuals as a control group. Success rate of amplification for flagellin gene was 77.58% while that for StyR-36 gene was 68.97% showing that flagellin gene primer …
The General Amino Acid Permease Gap1 Is Regulated Differentially By Torc1 Activation And Inhibition, Ray Bowman
The General Amino Acid Permease Gap1 Is Regulated Differentially By Torc1 Activation And Inhibition, Ray Bowman
D.U.Quark
How does cell signaling in response to extracellular stressors impact the trafficking of membrane proteins? In particular, the TORC1 complex plays a key role in this process and while some details of this system have reported, in a recent Journal of Biological Chemistry publication, Andre’s group has revealed new details of this pathway focusing on the general amino acid permease Gap1 as a model cargo. Andre et al. describe a novel and distinct pathway wherein ubiquitylation and downregulation of Gap1 is regulated not only by amino acid-induced activation of TORC1, but also by numerous sources of TORC1 inhibition and cellular …
Spatiotemporal Regulation Of Atg1 Kinase Activation In Selective Autophagy, Ning Sun
Spatiotemporal Regulation Of Atg1 Kinase Activation In Selective Autophagy, Ning Sun
D.U.Quark
Autophagy is a potent intracellular degradation system and thus its activation requires exquisite regulation to maintain cellular homeostasis. Atg1, a serine-threonine protein kinase, is essential in both selective and non-selective autophagy. New findings suggest that in selective autophagy, Atg1 is activated at the vacuole by convergence of two independent recruitment pathways to prevent aberrant autophagy induction.
Autophagy Inhibition In Pain: Role Of A Microrna, Andrea Stevens
Autophagy Inhibition In Pain: Role Of A Microrna, Andrea Stevens
D.U.Quark
Neuropathic pain caused by peripheral nerve injury (PNI) leads to the activation and infiltration of microglial cells and to a neuroinflammatory-induced pain state. miRNAs and autophagy are two main factors and/or mechanisms which have the ability to alter the pain state. In this study, miR-195 was shown to be markedly increased after PNI and associated with the pain phenotype. In addition, inhibition of autophagy in vivo led to p62 accumulation, decreased production of LC3, and inhibition of ATG14.
Hsp70 Conformational Plasticity Allows For Expansive Chaperone Role, Megan Bean
Hsp70 Conformational Plasticity Allows For Expansive Chaperone Role, Megan Bean
D.U.Quark
The Hsp70 system is an essential component of chaperone activity in many organisms. Hsp70 functions include: protein folding, aggregation prevention, trafficking, and enzyme regulation. Hsp70’s ability to bind such a vast array of substrates suggests wide range of conformational plasticity. By utilizing a single mode optical tweezers technique, Mashaghi1 et al., confirms previous theories Hsp70 binds and stabilizes extended peptide segments but also partially folded and near-native protein.
Plasmodium Falciparum 26s Proteasome Network: A Mystery Solved, Christina Grogan
Plasmodium Falciparum 26s Proteasome Network: A Mystery Solved, Christina Grogan
D.U.Quark
One ofthe most devastating diseases thatthreatens the world population is malaria. The 26S proteasome complex of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, which was previously unknown, was characterized by the authors through an affinity purification protocol that isolated functional 26S proteasome complexes. This allowed for the identification of subunit composition and PfUSP14, a proteasomeassociated deubiquitinase. This new understanding presents a potential target to disrupt protein regulation in thequest for effective antimalarial strategies.
Anti-Cancer And Bioavailabilty Of Arachidin-1 And Arachidin-3 In Colon Cancer Cells, Macy R. Shirley, Cindi Brownmiller, Wing Shun Lam, Sun-Ok Lee
Anti-Cancer And Bioavailabilty Of Arachidin-1 And Arachidin-3 In Colon Cancer Cells, Macy R. Shirley, Cindi Brownmiller, Wing Shun Lam, Sun-Ok Lee
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
Cancer is a common cause of death in the United States and locally in the state of Arkansas. Modifiable factors such as tobacco use, physical activity, and diet lead to reduced incidence of colon cancer diagnosis. Plant-based foods may contain phytochemicals that confer health promoting properties. Specifically, peanuts contain phytochemicals known as resveratrol, arachidin-1, and arachidin-3 that have been linked to anticancer activities. However, few research studies have been done on arachidin-1 and arachidin-3 that could develop understanding of their health promoting properties or nutraceutical applications. The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the most effective concentration of …