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Articles 1 - 8 of 8
Full-Text Articles in Cell and Developmental Biology
Examining Pi3k-Signaling-Dependent Regulation Of Lens Organelle Free Zone Formation Via Immunolocalization And Immunoblotting In Chick Embryos, Rifah Gheyas, A. Sue Menko
Examining Pi3k-Signaling-Dependent Regulation Of Lens Organelle Free Zone Formation Via Immunolocalization And Immunoblotting In Chick Embryos, Rifah Gheyas, A. Sue Menko
Computational Medicine Center Faculty Papers
The elimination of lens organelles during development, required for mature lens function, is an autophagy-dependent mechanism induced through suppression of PI3K signaling. Here, we present a protocol for investigating the signaling pathways responsible for induction of the formation of this lens organelle free zone. We describe steps for preparation of lens organ culture and use of signaling pathway inhibitors. We then detail procedures for analyzing their impact using both confocal microscopy imaging of immunolabeled lens cryosections and immunoblot approaches. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Gheyas et al. (2022).
Visualization And Characterization Of The Immunological Synapse Between Chlorotoxin Chimeric Antigen (Cltx-Car) Redirected T Cells And Targeted Glioblastoma Tumors, Arianna Livi
CMC Senior Theses
Chimeric Antigen Receptor T (CAR-T) cells have demonstrated anti-tumor activity against aggressive and invasive cancers such as glioblastoma (GBM); however, clinical response rates remain low in clinical trial studies. Tumor heterogeneity and tumor microenvironment conditions pose significant challenges for treatment of GBM, thus continuous optimization of CAR-T cell therapies and identification of novel, widely expressed, and highly specific GBM antigens are vital to better patient outcomes. A newly developed CAR-T cell construct incorporating chlorotoxin (CLTX) as the targeting domain exhibited broad GBM-targeting capabilities and elicited potent cytotoxic effects during preclinical studies and is currently being tested in a phase I …
Combining Multicolor Fish With Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging For Chromosomal Identification And Chromosomal Sub Structure Investigation, Archana Bhartiya, Ian Robinson, Mohammed Yousuf, Stanley W. Botchway
Combining Multicolor Fish With Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging For Chromosomal Identification And Chromosomal Sub Structure Investigation, Archana Bhartiya, Ian Robinson, Mohammed Yousuf, Stanley W. Botchway
Centre for Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Research
Understanding the structure of chromatin in chromosomes during normal and diseased state of cells is still one of the key challenges in structural biology. Using DAPI staining alone together with Fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM), the environment of chromatin in chromosomes can be explored. Fluorescence lifetime can be used to probe the environment of a fluorophore such as energy transfer, pH and viscosity. Multicolor FISH (M-FISH) is a technique that allows individual chromosome identification, classification as well as assessment of the entire genome. Here we describe a combined approach using DAPI as a DNA environment sensor together with FLIM and M-FISH …
Examining The Tissue-Level And Gross Phenotypic Effects Of The Connexin43i130t/+ Mutation On The Developing Mouse Skull, Sommer G.E. Jarvis
Examining The Tissue-Level And Gross Phenotypic Effects Of The Connexin43i130t/+ Mutation On The Developing Mouse Skull, Sommer G.E. Jarvis
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of reduced Connexin43 function on the developing skull phenotype, osteoblast and chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation, and to determine if a correlation exists between cell processes and gross morphology. Using the Cx43I130T/+mouse model, skull shape was analyzed using geometric morphometrics and cell proliferation and differentiation were assessed using immunohistochemistry at late embryonic and early post-natal stages. The largest shape changes between Cx43I130T/+ and wildtype mice were observed in the cranial base and facial skeleton. Changes infacial morphology correspond to reduced osteoblast differentiation. However, no changes in chondrocyte proliferation …
N-Glycosylation Regulates Pannexin 2 Localization But Is Not Required For Interacting With Pannexin 1., Rafael E Sanchez-Pupo, Danielle Johnston, Silvia Penuela
N-Glycosylation Regulates Pannexin 2 Localization But Is Not Required For Interacting With Pannexin 1., Rafael E Sanchez-Pupo, Danielle Johnston, Silvia Penuela
Anatomy and Cell Biology Publications
Pannexins (Panx1, 2, 3) are channel-forming glycoproteins expressed in mammalian tissues. We previously reported that N-glycosylation acts as a regulator of the localization and intermixing of Panx1 and Panx3, but its effects on Panx2 are currently unknown. Panx1 and Panx2 intermixing can regulate channel properties, and both pannexins have been implicated in neuronal cell death after ischemia. Our objectives were to validate the predicted N-glycosylation site of Panx2 and to study the effects of Panx2 glycosylation on localization and its capacity to interact with Panx1. We used site-directed mutagenesis, enzymatic de-glycosylation, cell-surface biotinylation, co-immunoprecipitation, and confocal microscopy. Our results showed …
Temporal Resolution Of Cell Death Signaling Events Induced By Cold Atmospheric Plasma And Electroporation In Human Cancer Cells, Danielle M. Krug, Prasoon K. Diwakar, Ahmed Hassanein
Temporal Resolution Of Cell Death Signaling Events Induced By Cold Atmospheric Plasma And Electroporation In Human Cancer Cells, Danielle M. Krug, Prasoon K. Diwakar, Ahmed Hassanein
The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium
Cancer treatment resistance and their invasive and expensive nature is propelling research towards developing alternate approaches to eradicate cancer in patients. Non-thermal, i.e., cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) and electroporation (EP) applied to the surface of cancerous tissue are new methods that are minimally invasive, safe, and selective. These approaches, both independently and synergistically, have been shown to deplete cancer cell populations, but the signaling mechanisms of death and their timelines of action are still widely unknown. To better understand the timeframe of signaling events occurring upon treatment, human cancer cell lines were treated with CAP, EP, and combined CAP with …
Killerflip: A Novel Lytic Peptide Specifically Inducing Cancer Cell Death, B Pennarun, G. Gaidos, O Bucur, A Tinari
Killerflip: A Novel Lytic Peptide Specifically Inducing Cancer Cell Death, B Pennarun, G. Gaidos, O Bucur, A Tinari
Dartmouth Scholarship
One of the objectives in the development of effective cancer therapy is induction of tumor-selective cell death. Toward this end, we have identified a small peptide that, when introduced into cells via a TAT cell-delivery system, shows a remarkably potent cytoxicity in a variety of cancer cell lines and inhibits tumor growth in vivo, whereas sparing normal cells and tissues. This fusion peptide was named killer FLIP as its sequence was derived from the C-terminal domain of c-FLIP, an anti-apoptotic protein. Using structure activity analysis, we determined the minimal bioactive core of killerFLIP, namely killerFLIP-E. Structural analysis of cells using …
Cyanidin-3-Glucoside Inhibits Ethanol-Induced Invasion Of Breast Cancer Cells Overexpressing Erbb2, Mei Xu, Kimberly A. Bower, Siying Wang, Jacqueline A. Frank, Gang Chen, Min Ding, Shiow Wang, Xianglin Shi, Zunji Ke, Jia Luo
Cyanidin-3-Glucoside Inhibits Ethanol-Induced Invasion Of Breast Cancer Cells Overexpressing Erbb2, Mei Xu, Kimberly A. Bower, Siying Wang, Jacqueline A. Frank, Gang Chen, Min Ding, Shiow Wang, Xianglin Shi, Zunji Ke, Jia Luo
Internal Medicine Faculty Publications
BACKGROUND: Ethanol is a tumor promoter. Both epidemiological and experimental studies suggest that ethanol may enhance the metastasis of breast cancer cells. We have previously demonstrated that ethanol increased the migration/invasion of breast cancer cells expressing high levels of ErbB2. Amplification of ErbB2 is found in 20-30% of breast cancer patients and is associated with poor prognosis. We sought to identify agents that can prevent or ameliorate ethanol-induced invasion of breast cancer cells. Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G), an anthocyanin present in many vegetables and fruits, is a potent natural antioxidant. Ethanol exposure causes the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). This …