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Articles 1 - 11 of 11
Full-Text Articles in Biology
Heavy Metal Dissolution Mechanisms From Electrical Industrial Sludge, Viraj Gunarathne, Anushka Upamali Rajapaksha, Meththika Vithanage, Nadeesh Adassooriya, Asitha Cooray, Sudantha Liyanage, Bandunee Athapattu, Nishanta Rajakaruna, Avanthi Deshani Igalavithana, Deyi Hou, Daniel S. Alessi, Yong Sik Ok
Heavy Metal Dissolution Mechanisms From Electrical Industrial Sludge, Viraj Gunarathne, Anushka Upamali Rajapaksha, Meththika Vithanage, Nadeesh Adassooriya, Asitha Cooray, Sudantha Liyanage, Bandunee Athapattu, Nishanta Rajakaruna, Avanthi Deshani Igalavithana, Deyi Hou, Daniel S. Alessi, Yong Sik Ok
Biological Sciences
In this paper, we investigate the release of heavy metals from sludge produced from an electrical industry using both organic and inorganic acids. Single and sequential extractions were conducted to assess heavy metals in different phases of the sludge. Metal release from sludge was investigated in the presence of three inorganic acids (nitric, sulfuric, and phosphoric) and three organic acids (acetic, malic, and citric) at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 2.0 mol L−1. Sequential extraction indicated the presence of Cu primarily in the carbonate fraction, Pb in the residual fraction, and Ni in the FeMn oxide fraction. The cumulative release …
Heavy Metal-Induced Oxidative Stress On Seed Germination And Seedling Development: A Critical Review, Mihiri Seneviratne, Nishanta Rajakaruna, Muhammad Rizwan, H. M. S. P. Madawala, Yong Sik Ok, Meththika Vithanage
Heavy Metal-Induced Oxidative Stress On Seed Germination And Seedling Development: A Critical Review, Mihiri Seneviratne, Nishanta Rajakaruna, Muhammad Rizwan, H. M. S. P. Madawala, Yong Sik Ok, Meththika Vithanage
Biological Sciences
Heavy metal contamination in soils can influence plants and animals, often leading to toxicosis. Heavy metals can impact various biochemical processes in plants, including enzyme and antioxidant production, protein mobilization and photosynthesis. Hydrolyzing enzymes play a major role in seed germination. Enzymes such as acid phosphatases, proteases and α-amylases are known to facilitate both seed germination and seedling growth via mobilizing nutrients in the endosperm. In the presence of heavy metals, starch is immobilized and nutrient sources become limited. Moreover, a reduction in proteolytic enzyme activity and an increase in protein and amino acid content can be observed under heavy …
The Effects Of Edaphic And Climatic Factors On Secondary Lichen Chemistry: A Case Study Using Saxicolous Lichens, Alexander Paukov, Anzhelika Teptina, Maria Morozova, Ekaterina Kruglova, Sergio E. Favero-Longo, Cora Bishop, Nishanti Rajakaruna
The Effects Of Edaphic And Climatic Factors On Secondary Lichen Chemistry: A Case Study Using Saxicolous Lichens, Alexander Paukov, Anzhelika Teptina, Maria Morozova, Ekaterina Kruglova, Sergio E. Favero-Longo, Cora Bishop, Nishanti Rajakaruna
Biological Sciences
Diversity of secondary lichen metabolites and their relationship to substrate and environmental parameters were studied in saxicolous lichens in the Middle and South Urals of Russia. Atranorin, usnic acid, gyrophoric acid, zeorin, norstictic acid, antraquinones and stictic acid were found in 73, 42, 41, 37, 36, 35 and 32 species, respectively, of 543 taxa collected. One hundred and ninety six species (i.e., 36% of total species documented) contained no secondary metabolites. Spectra of secondary metabolites of crustose lichens varied on different rock types, while in fruticose and foliose groups only those species without lichen acids were dependent on the substrate …
Tropic Transfer And Bioaccumulation Of Lead Along Soil-Plant-Aphid-Ladybird Food Chain, Mohod Irfan Naikoo, Mudasir Ifran Dar, Fareed Ahmad Khan, Fariha Raghib, N. Rajakaruna
Tropic Transfer And Bioaccumulation Of Lead Along Soil-Plant-Aphid-Ladybird Food Chain, Mohod Irfan Naikoo, Mudasir Ifran Dar, Fareed Ahmad Khan, Fariha Raghib, N. Rajakaruna
Biological Sciences
Lead (Pb) contamination of agroecosystems is a serious issue as Pb is a persistent pollutant that is retained in soil for long, causing toxicities to organisms. This study examines biotransfer of Pb from soils treated with different concentrations of Pb through a broad bean (Vicia faba L.)–aphid (Aphis fabae Scop.)–ladybird (Coccinella transversalis Fabricius) food chain and its consequent inference for natural biological control, the ladybird. The soil was amended with Pb at the rates of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg kg−1(w/w). The amount of Pb in plant, aphid and ladybird increased in a dose-dependent manner …
Influence Of Soil Water Content And Soil Amendments On Trace Metal Release And Seedling Growth In Serpentine Soil, Viraj Gunarathne, Nishanta Rajakaruna, Udaya Gunarathne, Jayanta Kumar Biswas, Zach A. Raposo, Meththika Vithanage
Influence Of Soil Water Content And Soil Amendments On Trace Metal Release And Seedling Growth In Serpentine Soil, Viraj Gunarathne, Nishanta Rajakaruna, Udaya Gunarathne, Jayanta Kumar Biswas, Zach A. Raposo, Meththika Vithanage
Biological Sciences
This study was conducted to evaluate the synergistic effects of organic amendments and soil water status on trace metal release from serpentine soil.
Availability Of Microtrash Materials And Selectivity By California Condors, Marie G. Solis
Availability Of Microtrash Materials And Selectivity By California Condors, Marie G. Solis
Biological Sciences
California condors consume non-food items, including anthropogenic waste, and provision it to their young. Consuming “microtrash” can cause mortality, especially in nestlings. There are several hypotheses explaining why condors might consume microtrash. These hypotheses assume condors exhibit a preference for the type of material. Therefore, we test the assumption that when California condors take microtrash, they display material selectivity. We did this by sampling microtrash from roadside pullouts in the Los Padres National Forest. Those samples were compared to condor necropsy and nest microtrash data, categorized by material type: glass, plastic, metal, and other. We find that in our analysis …
An Assessment Of Combinatorial Transcription Factor Activity At P53 Enhancer Elements, Sylvia Kuang
An Assessment Of Combinatorial Transcription Factor Activity At P53 Enhancer Elements, Sylvia Kuang
Biological Sciences
Certain non-coding DNA sequences in the eukaryotic genome regulate gene expression. These non-coding regulatory regions, including promoters and enhancers, are controlled by the binding of multiple transcription factors which act together to regulate gene transcription. The number of potential transcription factor combinations regulating any gene presents a massive experimental challenge. One well-known transcription factor, p53, activates multiple transcription pathways involved in tumor suppression, primarily through engagement with enhancers. p53 is one member of a paralogous transcription factor family, which includes the factor p63. Whereas p53 is involved in tumor suppression, p63 is a transcription factor responsible for maintaining epithelial cell …
Rna Secondary Structure Of 3’Utr Regulates Translation Control, M. Grace Hren
Rna Secondary Structure Of 3’Utr Regulates Translation Control, M. Grace Hren
Biological Sciences
According to the central dogma of biology, DNA is transcribed into mRNA. This mRNA is then translated into a protein. Translation of mRNA into protein is extremely precise, and as such is controlled by many different factors, both spatially and temporally. This phenomenon is known as translation control. Many times, this regulation is influenced by secondary structures, often in the form of stem loops on the mRNA. These secondary structures found on mRNA, specifically in the 3’Untranslated Region (3’UTR) of mRNA, can influence cellular gene expression. These genes can be upregulated or down regulated, depending on stem loop function. When …
Investigating The Effects Of Intrahippocampal Glucose Administration On Spatial Working Memory In Rats, Jeremy Carter
Investigating The Effects Of Intrahippocampal Glucose Administration On Spatial Working Memory In Rats, Jeremy Carter
Biological Sciences
Insulin is a peptide hormone released by beta pancreatic cells . Insulin’s best-known function is to regulate absorption of glucose into peripheral tissue: this occurs via activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling cascade and subsequent translocation of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) to the cell surface. This canonical peripheral insulin signaling pathway appears to exist in essentially identical form within the central nervous system (CNS), so that insulin promotes entry of glucose into neural cells and subsequent increased metabolism. In order to maintain proper function, insulin-responsive hippocampal neurons and glia require glucose metabolism; a catabolic energy-yielding process that requires insulin …
The Efficacy Of Ventral Pallidum- Deep Brain Stimulation In Rat Models Of Epilepsy, Fu Yee Chua
The Efficacy Of Ventral Pallidum- Deep Brain Stimulation In Rat Models Of Epilepsy, Fu Yee Chua
Biological Sciences
Antiepileptic drugs have been a primary option for patients with epilepsy worldwide, however, about one-third of patients do not respond to pharmacotherapy. For these individuals, resective surgery can be performed but seizures are still reported in some cases. With that in mind, neuromodulation or deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a plausible alternative to provide seizure freedom for refractory individuals. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), anterior thalamus DBS and responsive neurostimulation (RNS) are FDA approved as neuromodulatory approaches for epilepsy. They reduce and delay seizures but do not prevent or abolish seizures. In the previous study, the Shin lab showed that DBS …
Long-Term Phytoremediating Abilities Of Dalbergia Sissoo Roxb. (Fabaceae), Saqib Ul Kalam, Fauzia Naushin, Fareed Ahmad Khan, Nishanta Rajakaruna
Long-Term Phytoremediating Abilities Of Dalbergia Sissoo Roxb. (Fabaceae), Saqib Ul Kalam, Fauzia Naushin, Fareed Ahmad Khan, Nishanta Rajakaruna
Biological Sciences
The boom of tanneries in north India has converted the river Ganga into a waste dumping stream. The tanneries discharge their heavy metal-rich effluents into the river. Tissues of two-year-old tree saplings of Dalbergia sissoo, soil sediments and river water samples were collected from three sites along the river Ganga at Jajmau, Kanpur. Site-1 was located 1 km upstream from the point of discharge of the effluents of the tanneries, Site-2 was close to the source point, and Site-3 was about 1 km downstream from the source point. Accumulation of Cu, Cr and Ni in leaves, bark, wood growth rings, …