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Anatomy And Physiology Of The Nucleus Paragigantocellularis: Neural Regulation Of Genital Reflexes In Male And Female Rats, Joseph Jeremy Normandin
Anatomy And Physiology Of The Nucleus Paragigantocellularis: Neural Regulation Of Genital Reflexes In Male And Female Rats, Joseph Jeremy Normandin
Biology Dissertations
The supraspinal control of descending inhibition of genital reflexes (such as ejaculation) is poorly understood but is important in our global comprehension of how neural signals are integrated to produce sexual behavior, and in our understanding of sexual dysfunction. Sexual dysfunctions, such as premature ejaculation/delayed ejaculation in men, and involuntary vaginal spasms, dyspareunia, and anorgasmia in women, are common. An underlying dysregulation of genital reflexes may produce these dysfunctions, especially in those individuals being treated for depression and anxiety with serotonergic drugs. The nucleus paragigantocellularis (nPGi) of the rat medulla has been described as a descending inhibitory system for genital …
Differential Effects Of Estrogen Receptor Alpha Suppression By Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotides In The Medial Preoptic Area And The Medial Amygdala On Male Rat Mating Behavior, Jacquelyn Carrie Paisley
Differential Effects Of Estrogen Receptor Alpha Suppression By Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotides In The Medial Preoptic Area And The Medial Amygdala On Male Rat Mating Behavior, Jacquelyn Carrie Paisley
Biology Theses
Male rat copulation is mediated by estrogen-sensitive neurons in the medial preoptic area (MPO) and medial amygdala (MEA); however, the mechanisms through which estradiol (E2) acts are not fully understood. We hypothesized that E2 acts through estrogen receptor α (ERα) in the MPO and MEA to promote male mating behavior. Antisense oligodeoxyneucleotides (AS-ODN) complementary to ERα mRNA were bilaterally infused via minipumps into either brain area to block the synthesis of ERα, which we predicted would reduce mating. Western blot analysis and immunocytochemistry revealed a knockdown of ERα in each brain region; however, compared to saline controls, males receiving AS-ODN …
The Expression Of P68 Protein In The Australian Zebra Finch Brain Across Development, Chukwuemeka Franklin Okeke
The Expression Of P68 Protein In The Australian Zebra Finch Brain Across Development, Chukwuemeka Franklin Okeke
Biology Theses
Steroid hormones and receptors play a role in regulating biological events underlying brain development and sexual differentiation. Current evidence indicates that circulating sex steroid hormones are not entirely responsible for development of neural sex differences in song birds such as the zebra finch. p68, as a coactivator specific for estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and an essential factor in early tissue development and maturation might play a role in sexual differentiation. Zebra finches have a sexually dimorphic song control nuclei in the brain, males have larger song nuclei than females, and are ideal model for investigating the mechanisms controlling sexual differentiation …
An Examination Of The Human Fibrinogen-Like Protein2: Sequence Variations And Genetic Expression By Human Endothelial Cells, Meredith E. Jenkins
An Examination Of The Human Fibrinogen-Like Protein2: Sequence Variations And Genetic Expression By Human Endothelial Cells, Meredith E. Jenkins
Biology Theses
A role for Fgl2 (fibroleukin) in thrombophilic-associated human fetal loss has been indicated by previous studies. Clotting of vascular vessels of the placenta and fetus interferes with adequate blood circulation. The human Fgl2 gene was sequenced with identification of six SNPs, suggesting an association with a population of women suffering from recurrent fetal losses. A small sample size however, prevented precise statistical analyses of this association. In vitro, human endothelial cells (HUVECs) were not found to constitutively express Fgl2, but were shown to up-regulate its expression when challenged with IFN-γ and TNF-α. Interestingly, TNF-α was only shown to induce expression …
Social Interactions Of Lythrypnus Dalli And Their Effects On Aggression, Neuropeptides, Steroid Metabolism, And Sex-Typical Morphology, Michael Paul Black
Social Interactions Of Lythrypnus Dalli And Their Effects On Aggression, Neuropeptides, Steroid Metabolism, And Sex-Typical Morphology, Michael Paul Black
Biology Dissertations
Social interactions can have profound effects on the behavior, physiology, and overall fitness of an individual. An example of this in Lythrypnus dalli is the removal of a male from a social group resulting in a dominant female fish changing sex. The dominant female's transformation involves a suite of changes including brain, behavior, morphology, and physiology. Following the social trigger (male removal), sex-changing individuals' morphology, steroid levels, and changes in the behavior were quantified in the field and compared to results found previously in the laboratory. There were lower rates of aggressive and courtship behavior in the field, but the …