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Articles 1 - 14 of 14
Full-Text Articles in Biology
Late Glacial And Holocene Record Of Climatic Change In The Southern Rocky Mountains From Sediments In San Luis Lake, Colorado, Usa, Fasong Yuan, Max R. Koran, Andrew Valdez
Late Glacial And Holocene Record Of Climatic Change In The Southern Rocky Mountains From Sediments In San Luis Lake, Colorado, Usa, Fasong Yuan, Max R. Koran, Andrew Valdez
Biological, Geological, and Environmental Faculty Publications
Large rapid climate changes occurred over the last glacial cycle in the southwestern United States and elsewhere in many regions of the world. Some of these changes were attributed to alternations between stadial and interstadial conditions in the North Atlantic. But intense debate exists on how climate anomalies in the North Atlantic transmit to the southwest. Here we report a sediment record from San Luis Lake in southern Colorado, through analyses of grain size, magnetic susceptibility, Mg/Ca, total inorganic carbon, δ18O and δ13C, to indicate climatic and environmental changes in the southern Rocky Mountains over the …
Controls Of Phosphorus Loading And Transport In The Cuyahoga River Of Northeastern Ohio, Usa, Fasong Yuan, Jaime A. Quellos, Chaojun Fan
Controls Of Phosphorus Loading And Transport In The Cuyahoga River Of Northeastern Ohio, Usa, Fasong Yuan, Jaime A. Quellos, Chaojun Fan
Biological, Geological, and Environmental Faculty Publications
An urban stream differs from a natural stream in that it commonly contains anthropogenic nutrients from a variety of diffuse and point sources (e.g., urban runoff, industrial and municipal effluents). The Cuyahoga River as one of such stream systems receives on average 30% of water from over a dozen wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and exports over 300 Mg/yr of total phosphorus (TP) into Lake Erie. Municipal effluents account for at least two thirds of the TP loading and 90% of the effluent TP is in the form of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), i.e., the highly bioavailable form in aquatic ecosystems. …
Hedgehog Signaling Regulates Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase In Human Cancer Cells, Tapati Mazumdar, Ranjodh Sandhu, Maha Qadan, Jennifer Devecchio, Victoria Magloire, Akwasi Agyeman, Bibo Li Ph.D., Janet A. Houghton
Hedgehog Signaling Regulates Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase In Human Cancer Cells, Tapati Mazumdar, Ranjodh Sandhu, Maha Qadan, Jennifer Devecchio, Victoria Magloire, Akwasi Agyeman, Bibo Li Ph.D., Janet A. Houghton
Biological, Geological, and Environmental Faculty Publications
The Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway is critical for normal embryonic development, tissue patterning and cell differentiation. Aberrant HH signaling is involved in multiple human cancers. HH signaling involves a multi-protein cascade activating the GLI proteins that transcriptionally regulate HH target genes. We have previously reported that HH signaling is essential for human colon cancer cell survival and inhibition of this signal induces DNA damage and extensive cell death. Here we report that the HH/GLI axis regulates human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), which determines the replication potential of cancer cells. Suppression of GLI1/GLI2 functions by a C-terminus truncated GLI3 repressor mutant …
Silencing Subtelomeric Vsgs By Trypanosoma Brucei Rap1 At The Insect Stage Involves Chromatin Structure Changes, Unnati M. Pandya, Ranjodh Sandhu, Bibo Li
Silencing Subtelomeric Vsgs By Trypanosoma Brucei Rap1 At The Insect Stage Involves Chromatin Structure Changes, Unnati M. Pandya, Ranjodh Sandhu, Bibo Li
Biological, Geological, and Environmental Faculty Publications
Trypanosoma brucei causes human African trypanosomiasis and regularly switches its major surface antigen variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) to evade mammalian host immune responses at the bloodstream form (BF) stage. Monoallelic expression of BF Expression Site (BES)-linked VSGs and silencing of metacyclic VSGs (mVSGs) in BF cells are essential for antigenic variation, whereas silencing of both BES-linked and mVSGs in the procyclic form (PF) cells is important for cell survival in the midgut of its insect vector. We have previously shown that silencing BES-linked VSGs in BF cells depends on TbRAP1. We now show that TbRAP1 silences both BES-linked and mVSGs …
Top-Down Regulation Of Litter Invertebrates By A Terrestrial Salamander, Bernard Michael Walton
Top-Down Regulation Of Litter Invertebrates By A Terrestrial Salamander, Bernard Michael Walton
Biological, Geological, and Environmental Faculty Publications
Terrestrial plethodontid salamanders are abundant predators within the forest floor litter of eastern North America, and are hypothesized to regulate soil and litter invertebrate density and species composition. I tested this hypothesis during a 6-yr study of the effects of the Eastern Red-backed Salamander (Plethodon cinereus) on the invertebrate community of a forest site in northeast Ohio. Salamander surface density, invertebrate abundance, and community composition were monitored within 30 open, circular plots. Variation in plot occupancy by P. cinereus was achieved by supplying plots with differing amounts of artificial cover (0, 1, or 4 ceramic tiles) that served …
Differences In Population Structure Estimated Within Maternally- And Paternally-Inherited Forms Of Mitochondria In Lampsilis Siliquoidea (Bivalvia: Unionidae), Robert A. Krebs, W. Calvin Borden, Na'tasha M. Evans, F. Paul Doerder
Differences In Population Structure Estimated Within Maternally- And Paternally-Inherited Forms Of Mitochondria In Lampsilis Siliquoidea (Bivalvia: Unionidae), Robert A. Krebs, W. Calvin Borden, Na'tasha M. Evans, F. Paul Doerder
Biological, Geological, and Environmental Faculty Publications
Mussels in several orders possess two separate mitochondrial lineages: a standard female-inherited form and one inherited only through males. This system of doubly uniparental inheritance (DUI) for mitochondrial genes provides an opportunity to compare the population structure of gene-lineages passed either mother-to-daughter or father-to-son. In the present study, we contrast variation in the male and female haplotype lineages of the American freshwater mussel species, Lampsilis siliquoidea (sometimes called Lampsilis radiata luteola), throughout the Lake Erie, Ohio River, and upper Mississippi River watersheds, and contrast variation with the sequences obtained for the related species/subspecies Lampsilis radiata radiata from Maine. The …
Regulation Of Antigenic Variation In Trypanosoma Brucei, Imaan A. Benmerzouga
Regulation Of Antigenic Variation In Trypanosoma Brucei, Imaan A. Benmerzouga
ETD Archive
Trypanosoma brucei is a protozoan parasite that causes sleeping sickness in humans and nagana in cattle. When inside the mammalian host, T. brucei cells stay in extracellular spaces and regularly switch their surface antigen, Variant Surface Glycoprotein (VSG), to escape the host's immune responses. To ensure the effectiveness of VSG switching, T. brucei expresses a single type of VSG at any time exclusively from one of 20 identical VSG expression sites located next to the telomere. Monoallelic expression of VSG and VSG switching are important for T. brucei's pathogenesis. Our major goal is to understand the mechanisms of antigenic variation …
Genome-Wide Angiotensin Ii Regulated Microrna Expression Profiling ; A Smooth Muscle-Specific Microrna Signature, Jacqueline R. Kemp
Genome-Wide Angiotensin Ii Regulated Microrna Expression Profiling ; A Smooth Muscle-Specific Microrna Signature, Jacqueline R. Kemp
ETD Archive
Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) activation and phenotypic modulation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are common characteristics associated with human diseases, such as pulmonary hypertension, atherosclerosis and stroke. While elevation of the RAS hormone product, angiotensin II (AngII) is a well-established risk in these diseases the mechanism of activation of RAS and modulation of VSMC phenotype by AngII is vague, suggesting that novel global regulators may mediate the risk by AngII. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent one such class of potential global regulators. MiRNAs are small (╠â22 nt), endogenous, non-coding RNAs that act as post-transcriptional regulators of physiological processes. MiRNAs primarily function by …
Identification Of New Genes Involved In Meiosis By A Genetic Screen, Sneharthi Banerjee
Identification Of New Genes Involved In Meiosis By A Genetic Screen, Sneharthi Banerjee
ETD Archive
Budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains a group of proteins named ZMM that constitutes a link between recombination and Synaptonemal Complex (SC) assembly. Yeast mutants that lack ZMM proteins have defects in recombination, SC formation and nuclear division progression. Meiotic cell cycle progression in zmm mutants is modulated by temperature. This conditional behavior is different at high and low temperatures. In my work so far, I have tried to identify new zmm-like genes involved in meiosis. To that end, I have carried out a genome-wide screen in the budding yeast S. cerevisiae. I have identified sporulation temperature sensitive zmm-like truncation mutants …
Chimeric Glutathione S-Transferases: Properties And Thermodynamic Stability, Rita M. Rozmarynowycz
Chimeric Glutathione S-Transferases: Properties And Thermodynamic Stability, Rita M. Rozmarynowycz
ETD Archive
No abstract provided.
Activated Neutrophils Mediate Kim-1 Shedding And Renal Remodelling, Shreyas Lingadahalli
Activated Neutrophils Mediate Kim-1 Shedding And Renal Remodelling, Shreyas Lingadahalli
ETD Archive
Kidney performs a complex task of concentrating the urine, retention of salts and protein and excretion of metabolic toxins and by the virtue of its function, is always under the chemical stress and subject to constant tissue damage. Post injury, nephrons have the ability to regain their function by remodeling including, clearing of apoptotic and necrotic debris. Kidney Injury Molecule-1(KIM-1/TIM-1/HAVCR-1) is a phosphatidylserine receptor that recognizes the apoptotic bodies and directs them to the lysosomal degradation. KIM-1 a type I transmembrane glycoprotein, although not constitutively expressed, is expressed in injured epithelial cells. It is known that the extracellular domain is …
Induction Of Liver Abcg5/Abcg8 Expression Is An Important Determinant Of The Macrophage-To-Feces Reverse Cholesterol Transport Response To Treatment With Ezetimibe, Jessica B. Altemus
Induction Of Liver Abcg5/Abcg8 Expression Is An Important Determinant Of The Macrophage-To-Feces Reverse Cholesterol Transport Response To Treatment With Ezetimibe, Jessica B. Altemus
ETD Archive
Reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) consists of the transfer of cholesterol from peripheral tissues for excretion in the feces. The RCT from macrophages in atherosclerotic lesions is an important determinant of arterial wall atherosclerotic lesion formation. Previous studies by our group have shown that treatment with ezetimibe (EZ), a potent inhibitor of cholesterol absorption from the intestine, results in a 2-6 fold increase in RCT. To determine whether EZ may increase RCT by mechanisms that are independent of its well established cholesterol absorption inhibitory effects, we examined the expression of genes involved in the RCT pathway in the jejunum and liver …
Responses To Low Double-Strand Break Levels In Budding Yeast Meiosis, Scott A. Gaskell
Responses To Low Double-Strand Break Levels In Budding Yeast Meiosis, Scott A. Gaskell
ETD Archive
During meiosis, one round of DNA replication is followed by two rounds of chromosome segregation, producing four haploid gametes from each diploid precursor cell. Self-inflicted DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) occur in prophase of meiosis I. A subset of DSBs are repaired using the homologous chromosome as template for homologous recombination, generating crossovers/chiasmata. When processing of DSBs is defective, the recombination checkpoint delays onset of the first meiotic cell division. Here, I have investigated mechanisms by which the budding yeast S. cerevisiae responds to low levels of initiating DSBs. A novel checkpoint is identified that is specifically triggered by low DSB …
Bioinformatic Analysis And In Vitro Expression Of Malaria Parasite Translocon And Ribonuclease Binding-Like Rhoptry Genes, Moses Z. Timta
Bioinformatic Analysis And In Vitro Expression Of Malaria Parasite Translocon And Ribonuclease Binding-Like Rhoptry Genes, Moses Z. Timta
ETD Archive
Malaria caused by the parasite Plasmodium, still remains a significant public health problem worldwide, due to lack of a vaccine and emerging drug and insecticide resistance, among malaria parasites and mosquito vectors, respectively. Rhoptry proteins of Plasmodium enable merozoite invasion of host erythrocytes. However, only a few of these proteins have been characterized. Thirty-six P. yoelii merozoite rhoptry proteins were identified as putative rhoptry proteins by proteome analysis. Some of these proteins have been characterized while others still remain an intense area of active research. Molecular characterization and understanding of these novel proteins may assist in vaccine development, design of …