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Full-Text Articles in Biology

Spots Of Adult Male Red-Spotted Newts Are Redder And Brighter Than In Females: Evidence For A Role In Mate Selection?, Andrew K. Davis, Kristine L. Grayson Nov 2008

Spots Of Adult Male Red-Spotted Newts Are Redder And Brighter Than In Females: Evidence For A Role In Mate Selection?, Andrew K. Davis, Kristine L. Grayson

Biology Faculty Publications

As aquatic adults, eastern red-spotted newts (Notophthalmus v. viridescens) are generally green with two rows of dorsal spots, which vary in number between individuals and range in colour from orange to red. The function of these spots is unknown, but it is possible that they serve as sexual ornamentations and we examined this hypothesis by testing for sexual dimorphism in spot characteristics. We used an image analysis approach that has been used previously with this and other amphibian species to compare the number, size and colour – redness (hue score) and brightness – of spots in 100 male …


The Leaf Ionome As A Multivariable System To Detect A Plant's Physiological Status, Ivan R. Baxter, Olga Vitek, Brett Lahner, Balasubramaniam Muthukumar, Monica Borghi, Joe Morrissey, Mary Lou Guerinot, David E. Salt Aug 2008

The Leaf Ionome As A Multivariable System To Detect A Plant's Physiological Status, Ivan R. Baxter, Olga Vitek, Brett Lahner, Balasubramaniam Muthukumar, Monica Borghi, Joe Morrissey, Mary Lou Guerinot, David E. Salt

Dartmouth Scholarship

The contention that quantitative profiles of biomolecules contain information about the physiological state of the organism has motivated a variety of high-throughput molecular profiling experiments. However, unbiased discovery and validation of biomolecular signatures from these experiments remains a challenge. Here we show that the Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) leaf ionome, or elemental composition, contains such signatures, and we establish statistical models that connect these multivariable signatures to defined physiological responses, such as iron (Fe) and phosphorus (P) homeostasis. Iron is essential for plant growth and development, but potentially toxic at elevated levels. Because of this, shoot Fe concentrations are …


Effect Of Rho Kinase Inhibition On Alpha-Actin Remodeling In The Contracting A7r5 Smooth Muscle Cell, Suzette Pike Jul 2008

Effect Of Rho Kinase Inhibition On Alpha-Actin Remodeling In The Contracting A7r5 Smooth Muscle Cell, Suzette Pike

Morehead State Theses and Dissertations

A thesis presented to the faculty of the College of Science and Technology at Morehead State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science by Suzette Pike on July 11, 2008,


Systems Approach Identifies An Organic Nitrogen-Responsive Gene Network That Is Regulated By The Master Clock Control Gene Cca1, Rodrigo A. Gutierrez, Trevor L. Stokes, Karen Thum, Xiaodong Xu, Mariana Obertello, Manpreet S. Katari, Milos Tanurdzic, Alexis Dean, Damion C. Nero, C Robertson Mcclung, Gloria M. Coruzzi Mar 2008

Systems Approach Identifies An Organic Nitrogen-Responsive Gene Network That Is Regulated By The Master Clock Control Gene Cca1, Rodrigo A. Gutierrez, Trevor L. Stokes, Karen Thum, Xiaodong Xu, Mariana Obertello, Manpreet S. Katari, Milos Tanurdzic, Alexis Dean, Damion C. Nero, C Robertson Mcclung, Gloria M. Coruzzi

Dartmouth Scholarship

Understanding how nutrients affect gene expression will help us to understand the mechanisms controlling plant growth and development as a function of nutrient availability. Nitrate has been shown to serve as a signal for the control of gene expression in Arabidopsis. There is also evidence, on a gene-by-gene basis, that downstream products of nitrogen (N) assimilation such as glutamate (Glu) or glutamine (Gln) might serve as signals of organic N status that in turn regulate gene expression. To identify genome-wide responses to such organic N signals, Arabidopsis seedlings were transiently treated with ammonium nitrate in the presence or absence of …


Coelomogenesis And Nutrition Of Clonally Produced Asteroid Larvae, William Jaeckle Jan 2008

Coelomogenesis And Nutrition Of Clonally Produced Asteroid Larvae, William Jaeckle

William Jaeckle

Asexual reproduction by planktotrophic larvae of asteroids is an unusual life history strategy exhibited by several species in the families Luididae, Oreasteridae, Ophidiasteridae, and Asteriidae. Larvae of the former three families reproduce asexually in the field, while the asteriid Pisaster ochraceus has produced clones when larvae are reared in the laboratory. Our knowledge of the processes involved in larval cloning and the biology of the developing clone is fragmentary in nature. We used light, electron, and scanning laser confocal microscopy to study clones that develop through paratomy of the posterolateral larval arms. The archenteron forms by a modified form of …


Cholinergic Neurons Regulate And Utilize Gdnf Secreted By C2c12 Skeletal Muscle Cells In Culture, John-Mary Vianney, John Spitsbergen Jan 2008

Cholinergic Neurons Regulate And Utilize Gdnf Secreted By C2c12 Skeletal Muscle Cells In Culture, John-Mary Vianney, John Spitsbergen

Biological Sciences Faculty and Graduate Student Research

Glialcell line-derived neurotrophicfactor (GDNF) has been regarded as a potent survival factor for a subpopulation of neurons. It has been shown that GDNF expression is upregulated in skeletal muscle of patients with early stage of neuromuscular diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Previous results from our laboratory showed that neural cells regulate GDNF secretion by skeletal muscle; non-innervated skeletal muscle appear to secrete more GDNF compared to innervated skeletal muscle. Two aims were examined in the current study. First, to examine whether neural cells inhibit GDNF through acetylcholine release. Second was to examine whether differentiated NG108-15 neural cells secrete …


Coelomogenesis And Nutrition Of Clonally Produced Asteroid Larvae, William Jaeckle Jan 2008

Coelomogenesis And Nutrition Of Clonally Produced Asteroid Larvae, William Jaeckle

Scholarship

Asexual reproduction by planktotrophic larvae of asteroids is an unusual life history strategy exhibited by several species in the families Luididae, Oreasteridae, Ophidiasteridae, and Asteriidae. Larvae of the former three families reproduce asexually in the field, while the asteriid Pisaster ochraceus has produced clones when larvae are reared in the laboratory. Our knowledge of the processes involved in larval cloning and the biology of the developing clone is fragmentary in nature. We used light, electron, and scanning laser confocal microscopy to study clones that develop through paratomy of the posterolateral larval arms. The archenteron forms by a modified form of …


Distribution Of Bipinnaria And Pilidium In Relation To Physical Structure And Uv-B Light In The Water Column Off Anvers Island, Antarctica, William Jaeckle Jan 2008

Distribution Of Bipinnaria And Pilidium In Relation To Physical Structure And Uv-B Light In The Water Column Off Anvers Island, Antarctica, William Jaeckle

Scholarship

Feeding larvae of Antarctic bottom invertebrates have proven to be scarce in the plankton and consequently our knowledge of their ecology is limited. We collected bipinnaria larvae assignable to the genus Odontaster and several types of pilidium larvae of nemertean worms in quantitative net tows taken during the austral spring and summer 1997-1998 and considered their distribution with respect to the density stratification of the water column and the potential exposure to UV-B (λ = 308 nm). The average number of pilidium and bipinnaria larvae in the upper 40 m of the water column was 0.5 ± 1.0 per m3 …


Distribution Of Bipinnaria And Pilidium In Relation To Physical Structure And Uv-B Light In The Water Column Off Anvers Island, Antarctica, I. Bosch, William Jaeckle, Deneb Karentz Dec 2007

Distribution Of Bipinnaria And Pilidium In Relation To Physical Structure And Uv-B Light In The Water Column Off Anvers Island, Antarctica, I. Bosch, William Jaeckle, Deneb Karentz

William Jaeckle

Feeding larvae of Antarctic bottom invertebrates have proven to be scarce in the plankton and consequently our knowledge of their ecology is limited. We collected bipinnaria larvae assignable to the genus Odontaster and several types of pilidium larvae of nemertean worms in quantitative net tows taken during the austral spring and summer 1997-1998 and considered their distribution with respect to the density stratification of the water column and the potential exposure to UV-B (λ = 308 nm). The average number of pilidium and bipinnaria larvae in the upper 40 m of the water column was 0.5 ± 1.0 per m3 …