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Full-Text Articles in Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology
Mutations In The N-Terminus Of The Mod(Mdg4) Btb Domain Reveal An Unexpected Role Of Mod(Mdg4) In Chromosome Segregation In Female Meiosis, Gwyneth D E Walker, Bruce D. Mckee
Mutations In The N-Terminus Of The Mod(Mdg4) Btb Domain Reveal An Unexpected Role Of Mod(Mdg4) In Chromosome Segregation In Female Meiosis, Gwyneth D E Walker, Bruce D. Mckee
Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects
No abstract provided.
The Maintenance Of Genomic Stability: Impacts Of The Loss Of Kif18a, Leslie Anne Sepaniac
The Maintenance Of Genomic Stability: Impacts Of The Loss Of Kif18a, Leslie Anne Sepaniac
Graduate College Dissertations and Theses
Regulated and repeated cell division is necessary for the development, growth, and reproduction of multicellular organisms. A central purpose of mitosis is to faithfully pass hereditary information from one cell onto two genetically identical daughter cells, thus maintaining genomic stability. Cells employ several mechanisms for maintaining genomic stability, including well-characterized cell cycle checkpoints. However, chromosome segregation errors can occur in spite of these regulatory mechanisms. Such errors can result in an improper number of chromosomes being distributed to daughter cells – termed aneuploidy – or improper localization of chromosomes into separate satellite nuclei – termed micronuclei. What, if any, additional …
The Identification And Characterization Of A Putative Chromosome Segregation Gene In Streptomyces Coelicolor, Sean Kirk
Undergraduate Distinction Papers
Streptomyces coelicolor is a soil bacterium that is a model for bacterial development. It is a filamentous, sporulating bacterium known to produce many medically utilized antibiotics. The goal of this research was to examine several developmental mutants and characterize novel genes of interest. Previously generated random transposon insertion mutants were analyzed using visual and microscopic phenotyping. Mutants of interest were further pursued and each transposon disruption site was identified by Inverse PCR and DNA sequencing. One of the novel genes is suspected to be involved in DNA segregation and codes for a putative membrane protein. Staining with propidium iodide was …
Characterization Of Histone Mutants Associated With Mitotic Defects In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Md Riajul Hossain
Characterization Of Histone Mutants Associated With Mitotic Defects In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Md Riajul Hossain
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Nucleosomes, the basic unit and the building blocks of chromatin have an essential role in the tight packaging of DNA into higher order chromatin. Work from our lab and others have provided information on the contributions of different histone proteins and specific domains within the nucleosome made to create the centromeric chromatin structure required for normal chromosome segregation during mitosis. The DNA entry/exit site is a particular region of the nucleosome where histone H2A, H3 and H4 form critical interactions that appear to be essential for the association of Sgo1, a tension sensing protein that monitors kinetochore-microtubule attachment. In our …
The Role Of Histone H3 And H4 In Centromere Function And Genome Integrity, Payel Chaudhuri
The Role Of Histone H3 And H4 In Centromere Function And Genome Integrity, Payel Chaudhuri
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Histone H2A plays an important role in chromosomal segregation among parent and daughter cells during mitosis. While it is established that this histone is important in maintaining chromosome number in cell, further work is carried out to explore the role of other histones like H3 and H4 for similar effects. A systematic study is initiated by screening a library based on mutation of different amino acid residues in these histones. This detailed screening identified specific regions within H3 and H4, which are critically important for centromeric function. These histones residing near the DNA entry/exit region of nucleosome effects the functionality …
The Role Of Centromeric Chromatin And Kinetochore-Associated Factors In Chromosome Segregation, Wesley Williamson
The Role Of Centromeric Chromatin And Kinetochore-Associated Factors In Chromosome Segregation, Wesley Williamson
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Previous work in our lab has identified a point mutation in HTA1, one of the genes encoding histone H2A, which causes an increase-in-ploidy phenotype in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This histone mutant strain was used to carry out a transposon insertion screen to identify suppressors of the increase-in-ploidy phenotype. This screen identified all three subunits of the Hda histone deacetylase complex, HDA1, HDA2, and HDA3. This study aims to elucidate the function of the Hda complex in chromosome segregation by exploring interactions among the members of the complex, as well as interactions between Hda complex and kinetochore components. …
Molecular Mechanism By Which The Escherichia Coli Nucleoid Occlusion Factor, Slma, Keeps Cytokinesis In Check, Nam K. Tonthat
Molecular Mechanism By Which The Escherichia Coli Nucleoid Occlusion Factor, Slma, Keeps Cytokinesis In Check, Nam K. Tonthat
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
Cell division or cytokinesis is one of the most fundamental processes in biology and is essential for the propagation of all living species. In Escherichia coli, cell division occurs by ingrowth of the membrane envelope at the cell center and is orchestrated by the FtsZ protein. FtsZ self-assembles into linear protofilaments in a GTP dependent manner to form a cytoskeletal scaffold called the Z-ring. The Z-ring provides the framework for the assembly of the division apparatus and determines the site of cytokinesis. The total amount of FtsZ molecules in a cell significantly exceeds the concentration required for Z-ring formation. Hence, …
Understanding The Role Of Histones During Chromosome Segregation: A Study Of The Effects Of Histone Gene Dosage In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Rebecca Leigh Danforth
Understanding The Role Of Histones During Chromosome Segregation: A Study Of The Effects Of Histone Gene Dosage In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Rebecca Leigh Danforth
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Chromatin plays a role in all cellular functions that involve DNA. These include, but are not limited to replication, recombination, transcription, and chromosome segregation. Chromosome segregation is an extremely well conserved cellular process and is essential for maintaining the genetic integrity of a cell. There is very strong evidence indicating that chromatin structure is critical for maintaining the fidelity of chromosome transmission, but its specific role(s) in this process remains unclear. Chromatin is comprised of arrays of nucleosomes that serve to compact DNA. These nucleosomes consist of 146 bp of DNA that is wrapped around a histone octamer; two each …