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Full-Text Articles in Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology
Dynamic Regulation Of G-Protein Signaling, William C. Simke
Dynamic Regulation Of G-Protein Signaling, William C. Simke
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are involved in numerous signaling processes ranging from neuronal growth to immune cells tracking invaders. GPCR signaling plays a role in many human diseases and thus GPCRs are important drug targets. Yeast respond to mating pheromone using a GPCR signaling system homologous to those used in humans to polarize their cytoskeleton toward the pheromone source. This is accomplished by initializing a MAPK signaling cascade to arrest the cells in mitosis and upregulate expression of chemotropic proteins. Pathway desensitization is accomplished by the Regulator of G-protein Signaling (RGS). RGS abrogates signaling by binding to the active GPCR, …
Thiol-Based Misfolding: Linking Redox Balance To Cytosolic Proteostasis, Ford Amy
Thiol-Based Misfolding: Linking Redox Balance To Cytosolic Proteostasis, Ford Amy
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
The eukaryotic cytosolic proteome is vulnerable to changes in proteostatic and redox balance caused by temperature, pH, oxidants and xenobiotics. Cysteine-containing proteins are especially at risk as the thiol side chain is subject to oxidation, adduction and chelation by thiol-reactive compounds. All of these thiol-modifiers have been demonstrated to induce the heat shock response and recruit protein chaperones to sites of presumed protein aggregation in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. However, endogenous targets of thiol stress toxicity responsible for these outcomes are largely unknown. Furthermore, I hypothesize proteins identified as redox-active are prone to misfolding and aggregation by thiol-specific …
Delineation Of Events In Centripetal Migration During Drosophila Oogenesis, Travis Tait Parsons
Delineation Of Events In Centripetal Migration During Drosophila Oogenesis, Travis Tait Parsons
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
All multicellular organisms initially start out as a single cell. This cell must use the genetic information encoded in its DNA to multiply in number and build itself into a complex multicellular organism. How this process occurs is the focus of developmental biology, a field that seeks to understand how a combination of genetic information and environmental conditions shape a cell from its beginnings as a zygote all the way to maturity. A fundamental part of this process is the ability of cells to work together in order to build complex tissues and organs. Cells achieve this coordination by using …
An Oxanthroquinone Derivative Disrupts Ras Plasma Membrane Localization And Function By Inhibition Of Acylpeptide Hydrolase And Perturbation Of Sphingomyelin Metabolism, Lingxiao Tan
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
Oncogenic RAS proteins are commonly expressed in human cancer. To be functional, RAS proteins must undergo post-translational modification and localize to the plasma membrane (PM). Therefore, compounds that prevent RAS PM targeting have potential as putative RAS inhibitors. Here we examined the mechanism of action of oxanthroquinone G01 (G01), a recently described inhibitor of KRAS PM localization. We show that G01 mislocalized HRAS and KRAS from the PM with similar potency and disrupted the spatial organization of RAS proteins remaining on the PM. G01 also inhibited recycling of epidermal growth factor receptor and transferrin receptor, but did not impair internalization …