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Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology Commons™
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- Metabolism (2)
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Articles 1 - 6 of 6
Full-Text Articles in Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology
Characterization And Manipulation Of O-Glcnacylation In Granulosa Cells Of Bovine Ovarian Antral Follicles, Abigail Marie Maucieri
Characterization And Manipulation Of O-Glcnacylation In Granulosa Cells Of Bovine Ovarian Antral Follicles, Abigail Marie Maucieri
Graduate College Dissertations and Theses
Glucose is widely recognized as the preferred energy substrate for metabolism by granulosa cells (GCs). Yet in most cells, 2-5% of glucose is shunted through the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) for O-linked N-acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation). O-GlcNAcylation is an evolutionarily-conserved, post-translational process that modifies serine and threonine residues on a variety of proteins. O-GlcNAcylation is also considered a nutrient sensor that can regulate cellular processes such as metabolism, signal transduction, and proliferation. In this respect, O-GlcNAcylation may be similar to, and possibly mediate, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling and its nutrient-sensing actions. However, the occurrence of O-GlcNAcylation and its relative importance to …
The Impact Of Nitric Oxide On Dendritic Cell Metabolism, Julia Priscilla Snyder
The Impact Of Nitric Oxide On Dendritic Cell Metabolism, Julia Priscilla Snyder
Graduate College Dissertations and Theses
Dendritic cells (DCs) are sentinel immune cells capable of directly sensing and responding to pathogens. Upon pathogen recognition, DCs undergo a process of activation that allows them to participate in the proinflammatory response at the site of infection and to initiate the adaptive immune response through antigen presentation to T cells. Because activated DCs serve as the critical link between innate and adaptive immunity, modulating DC activation could be a powerful tool in various clinical contexts such as vaccine design. DC activation is accompanied by widespread changes in metabolism including the rapid upregulation of glycolysis, which is sustained in DCs …
Characterization Of Tau Disease-Associated Mutation, R5l, On Microtubule Bound Tau Behavoir And Function, Alisa Cario
Characterization Of Tau Disease-Associated Mutation, R5l, On Microtubule Bound Tau Behavoir And Function, Alisa Cario
Graduate College Dissertations and Theses
Proper coordination of the neuronal cytoskeleton is necessary for the health of the nervous system. Regulation of the microtubule cytoskeleton is achieved, in part, through microtubule associated proteins (MAPs). MAP-Tau, an intrinsically disordered protein highly expressed in axons, functions in signaling cascades, regulation of motor motility, as well as the direct regulation of microtubule dynamics. Tau misregulation and mutations are linked to a class of neurodegenerative diseases called Tauopathies, characterized by the aggregation of Tau. These include progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), Pick's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. Many of the disease-associated mutations in Tau are found in the microtubule-binding domain, in …
Exploring The Mechanisms Of Pkg1-Α Activation By Synthetic Peptides, Connor Cronin
Exploring The Mechanisms Of Pkg1-Α Activation By Synthetic Peptides, Connor Cronin
Graduate College Dissertations and Theses
Cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinases (PKG’s) are essential signaling macromolecules which play a pivotal role in vascular physiology and smooth muscle tone regulation. As principle downstream effectors of the secondary messenger cyclic 3’, 5’-guanosine-monophosphate (cGMP), PKG isoforms are expressed in high levels in all types of smooth muscle cells. The broad range of cellular functions effected by PKG include platelet aggregation, hypertrophy, apoptosis, neuronal plasticity, gene expression, differentiation, vasorelaxation, vascular remodeling, calcium homeostasis, and cardiac function. Recently, a newly characterized helical switch domain within the alpha isoform of PKG (PKG1-α) has led to the development of S1.1, a novel cGMP-independent peptide …
Thyroid Hormone Receptor Beta Inhibits Pi3k Signaling And Glycogen Metabolism In Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer, Cole Davidson
Thyroid Hormone Receptor Beta Inhibits Pi3k Signaling And Glycogen Metabolism In Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer, Cole Davidson
Graduate College Dissertations and Theses
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy, and the global incidence has increased rapidly over the past few decades. While differentiated thyroid cancers often respond to standard therapies, there are no durable long-term treatment options for anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC). The limited treatment options highlight a need for a deeper understanding of the molecular signaling in these aggressive tumors for development of more effective therapies.Non-steroidal nuclear receptors, such as thyroid hormone receptors (TRs), are an emerging class of therapeutic targets and tumor suppressors in thyroid and other cancers.Loss of expression of the tumor suppressor thyroid hormone receptor beta (TRβ) …
Characterizing The Interaction Of Polymerase Θ Helicase-Like Domain With Dna, Scott Vanson
Characterizing The Interaction Of Polymerase Θ Helicase-Like Domain With Dna, Scott Vanson
Graduate College Dissertations and Theses
DNA damaging events occur every day in every cell of all living organisms andsome may result in double-stranded breaks (DSB). Human DNA polymerase θ (Pol θ) is a large, 290 kDa DNA repair enzyme and is the only known protein to contain both a polymerase domain and a helicase-like domain (HLD) as one molecule. Pol θ is the key mediator of the error-prone DSB repair pathway, Theta-mediated End Joining. This enzyme has been identified as a potential therapeutic target as it may be conferring a survival advantage to subsets of homologous recombination (HR)-deficient cancers, which display elevated expression levels of …