Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
![Digital Commons Network](http://assets.bepress.com/20200205/img/dcn/DCsunburst.png)
Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Keyword
-
- Adenosine triphosphate (1)
- Asymmetric biomembrane structure (1)
- Biodiesel prodection (1)
- Carbon dioxide (1)
- Conservation of mass (1)
-
- First law of thermodynamics (1)
- Greenhouse gas mitigation (1)
- Heat engines (1)
- Hydrocarbons (1)
- Isothermal environmental heat energy utilization (1)
- Lipid analysis (1)
- Methanol (1)
- Microalgae (1)
- Mitochondrial membranes (1)
- Negative entropy (1)
- Second law of thermodynamics (1)
- Thermodynamic-spatial asymmetry (1)
- Thermotrophic function (1)
- Transmembrane electrostatically localized protons (1)
Articles 1 - 2 of 2
Full-Text Articles in Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology
Type-B Energetic Processes And Their Associated Scientific Implications, James Weifu Lee
Type-B Energetic Processes And Their Associated Scientific Implications, James Weifu Lee
Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications
Recently, our work has identified two thermodynamically distinct types (A and B) of energetic processes naturally occurring on Earth. Type-A energy processes such as the classical heat engines, ATP hydrolysis, and many of the known chemical, electrical, and mechanical processes apparently follow well the second law of thermodynamics; Type-B energy processes, for example, the newly discovered thermotropic function that isothermally utilizes environmental heat energy to do useful work in driving ATP synthesis, follow the first law of thermodynamics (conservation of mass and energy) but do not have to be constrained by the second law, owing to its special asymmetric functions. …
Lipid Extraction From Spirulina Sp. And Schizochytrium Sp. Using Supercritical Co2 With Methanol, Shihong Liu, Husam A. Abu Hajar, Guy Riefler, Ben J. Stuart
Lipid Extraction From Spirulina Sp. And Schizochytrium Sp. Using Supercritical Co2 With Methanol, Shihong Liu, Husam A. Abu Hajar, Guy Riefler, Ben J. Stuart
Civil & Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications
Microalgae are one of the most promising feedstocks for biodiesel production due to their high lipid content and easy farming. However, the extraction of lipids from microalgae is energy intensive and costly and involves the use of toxic organic solvents. Compared with organic solvent extraction, supercritical CO2 (SCCO2) has demonstrated advantages through lower toxicity and no solvent-liquid separation. Due to the nonpolar nature of SCCO2, polar organic solvents such as methanol may need to be added as a modifier in order to increase the extraction ability of SCCO2. In this paper, pilot scale lipid …