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Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology Commons™
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- Chloroplasts (2)
- Duel targeting (2)
- Mitochondria (2)
- Presequence protease (2)
- Protein import (2)
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- Research Papers (2)
- <p>Dusky salamanders.</p> <p> Salamanders -- Appalachian Region, Southern.</p> (1)
- Activator protein 1 (1)
- Apoptosis (1)
- Arglabin-DMA (1)
- Arsenite (1)
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- Atp-binding cassette (1)
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- Colon cancer (1)
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- Cyclic amp-dependent protein kinases (1)
- Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (1)
- Diabetes (1)
- Dose-response relationship (1)
- Drug (1)
- Electroporative deformation (1)
- Gene expression (1)
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Articles 1 - 15 of 15
Full-Text Articles in Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology
Chromosomal Localization Of The Islet Neogenesis Associated Protein (Ingap) Gene In Syrian Hamster By Tyramide Signal Amplification-Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (Tsa-Fish), Sallie A. Smith
Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations
Diabetes mellitus is a group of conditions characterized by hyperglycemia due to an inability to produce or properly utilize insulin. The majority of cases fall into two categories, Type I and Type 2. Type I results from the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells of the islets. The beta cells are the exclusive source of insulin and the patient becomes entirely dependent on exogenous insulin to survive. Patients with Type 2 are distinguished by insulin resistance, a condition that develops due to the inability of the body to effectively use the insulin being produced. The β-cells gradually lose their ability to …
Expression Of G-Protein Inwardly Rectifying Potassium Channels (Girks) In Lung Cancer Cell Lines, Howard Plummer 3rd, Madhu Dhar, Maria Cekanova Ms, Rndr, Phd, Hildegard Schuller
Expression Of G-Protein Inwardly Rectifying Potassium Channels (Girks) In Lung Cancer Cell Lines, Howard Plummer 3rd, Madhu Dhar, Maria Cekanova Ms, Rndr, Phd, Hildegard Schuller
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology
BACKGROUND: Previous data from our laboratory has indicated that there is a functional link between the beta-adrenergic receptor signaling pathway and the G-protein inwardly rectifying potassium channel (GIRK1) in human breast cancer cell lines. We wanted to determine if GIRK channels were expressed in lung cancers and if a similar link exists in lung cancer. METHODS: GIRK1-4 expression and levels were determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and real-time PCR. GIRK protein levels were determined by western blots and cell proliferation was determined by a 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) assay. RESULTS: GIRK1 mRNA was expressed in three of six small …
Expression Of G-Protein Inwardly Rectifying Potassium Channels (Girks) In Lung Cancer Cell Lines, Howard Plummer 3rd, Madhu Dhar, Maria Cekanova Ms, Rndr, Phd, Hildegard Schuller
Expression Of G-Protein Inwardly Rectifying Potassium Channels (Girks) In Lung Cancer Cell Lines, Howard Plummer 3rd, Madhu Dhar, Maria Cekanova Ms, Rndr, Phd, Hildegard Schuller
Maria Cekanova MS, RNDr, PhD
BACKGROUND: Previous data from our laboratory has indicated that there is a functional link between the beta-adrenergic receptor signaling pathway and the G-protein inwardly rectifying potassium channel (GIRK1) in human breast cancer cell lines. We wanted to determine if GIRK channels were expressed in lung cancers and if a similar link exists in lung cancer. METHODS: GIRK1-4 expression and levels were determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and real-time PCR. GIRK protein levels were determined by western blots and cell proliferation was determined by a 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) assay. RESULTS: GIRK1 mRNA was expressed in three of six small …
Myod Targets Chromatin Remodeling Complexes To The Myogenin Locus Prior To Forming A Stable Dna-Bound Complex, Ivana L. De La Serna, Yasuyuki Ohkawa, Charlotte A. Berkes, Donald A. Bergstrom, Caroline S. Dacwag, Stephen J. Tapscott, Anthony N. Imbalzano
Myod Targets Chromatin Remodeling Complexes To The Myogenin Locus Prior To Forming A Stable Dna-Bound Complex, Ivana L. De La Serna, Yasuyuki Ohkawa, Charlotte A. Berkes, Donald A. Bergstrom, Caroline S. Dacwag, Stephen J. Tapscott, Anthony N. Imbalzano
Biology Faculty Publications
The activation of muscle-specific gene expression requires the coordinated action of muscle regulatory proteins and chromatin-remodeling enzymes. Microarray analysis performed in the presence or absence of a dominant-negative BRG1 ATPase demonstrated that approximately one-third of MyoD-induced genes were highly dependent on SWI/SNF enzymes. To understand the mechanism of activation, we performed chromatin immunoprecipitations analyzing the myogenin promoter. We found that H4 hyperacetylation preceded Brg1 binding in a MyoD-dependent manner but that MyoD binding occurred subsequent to H4 modification and Brg1 interaction. In the absence of functional SWI/SNF enzymes, muscle regulatory proteins did not bind to the myogenin promoter, thereby providing …
The Glucose And Insulin Responsiveness Of The Rat Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Promoter, Daryl Arkwright-Keeler
The Glucose And Insulin Responsiveness Of The Rat Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Promoter, Daryl Arkwright-Keeler
Dissertations
The regulation of expression of some enzymes involved in glucose homeostasis and fat metabolism requires both insulin and glucose to elicit an effect, while the regulation of others requires only one. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), an important enzyme involved in glucose homeostasis, has been shown to be transcriptionally regulated by carbohydrate feeding in rat liver, a diet regime that increases the levels of both glucose and insulin. Our lab had previously shown that insulin induces expression of G6PDH, thus we wanted to determine if glucose also induced G6PDH expression and if so, are the glucose and insulin responses mediated through identical …
The Antitumor Agent, Arglabin-Dma, Preferentially Induces Apoptosis In Human Colon Tumor Cells, Sung Wook Kwon
The Antitumor Agent, Arglabin-Dma, Preferentially Induces Apoptosis In Human Colon Tumor Cells, Sung Wook Kwon
Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences
Arglabin-DMA, an analog of farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP), reportedly inhibits farnesyltransferase (FTase) directly by competitively blocking the binding of Ras protein and its posttranslational modification, as suggested in previous studies. But, the mechanisms by which Arglabin-DMA inhibits tumor growth in vivo and in vitro are still relatively poorly characterized. To determine the mechanism by which this drug inhibits tumor growth, the effects of Arglabin-DMA in two human colon tumor cell lines (mutant K-ras HCT 116 and wild-type ras HT-29) were explored on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle kinetics in vitro. In cell viability studies, we showed that Arglabin-DMA …
5-Ht1b Receptor-Mediated Presynaptic Inhibition Of Gaba Release In The Suprachiasmatic Nucleus, Jayne R. Bramley, Patricia J. Sollars, Gary E. Pickard, F. Edward Dudek
5-Ht1b Receptor-Mediated Presynaptic Inhibition Of Gaba Release In The Suprachiasmatic Nucleus, Jayne R. Bramley, Patricia J. Sollars, Gary E. Pickard, F. Edward Dudek
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications
The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) receives a dense serotonergic innervation that modulates photic input to the SCN via serotonin 1B (5-HT1B) presynaptic receptors on retinal glutamatergic terminals. However, the majority of 5-HT1B binding sites in the SCN are located on nonretinal terminals and most axonal terminals in the SCN are GABAergic. We therefore tested the hypothesis that 5-HT1B receptors might also be located on SCN GABAergic terminals by examining the effects of the highly selective 5-HT1B receptor agonist CP-93,129 on SCN miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs). Whole cell patch-clamp recordings of mIPSCs were obtained from rat …
Role Of The Hypervariable Hinge Region Of Phosphoprotein P Of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus In Viral Rna Synthesis And Assembly Of Infectious Virus Particles, Subash C. Das, Asit K. Pattnaik
Role Of The Hypervariable Hinge Region Of Phosphoprotein P Of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus In Viral Rna Synthesis And Assembly Of Infectious Virus Particles, Subash C. Das, Asit K. Pattnaik
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications
The phosphoprotein (P protein) of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is an essential subunit of the viral RNAdependent RNA polymerase and has multiple functions residing in its different domains. In the present study, we examined the role of the hypervariable hinge region of P protein in viral RNA synthesis and recovery of infectious VSV by using transposon-mediated insertion mutagenesis and deletion mutagenesis. We observed that insertions of 19-amino-acid linker sequences at various positions within this region affected replication and transcription functions of the P protein to various degrees. Interestingly, one insertion mutant was completely defective in both transcription and replication. Using …
Molecular Characterization Of A Isoenzyme Of The Targeting Peptide Degrading Protease, Prep2- Catalysis, Subcellular Localization, Expression And Evolution, S. Bhushan, A. Stahl, S. Nilsson, B. Lefebvre, D. Mcwilliams, S.J. Wright, M. Seki, D.A. Liberles, K. Shinozaki, Barry D. Bruce, M. Boutry, E. Glaser
Molecular Characterization Of A Isoenzyme Of The Targeting Peptide Degrading Protease, Prep2- Catalysis, Subcellular Localization, Expression And Evolution, S. Bhushan, A. Stahl, S. Nilsson, B. Lefebvre, D. Mcwilliams, S.J. Wright, M. Seki, D.A. Liberles, K. Shinozaki, Barry D. Bruce, M. Boutry, E. Glaser
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology
We have previously identified a zinc metalloprotease involved in the degradation of mitochondrial and chloroplast targeting peptides, the presequence protease (PreP). In the Arabidopsis thaliana genomic database, there are two genes that correspond to the protease, the zinc metalloprotease (AAL90904) and the putative zinc metalloprotease (AAG13049). We have named the corresponding proteins AtPreP1 and AtPreP2, respectively. AtPreP1 and AtPreP2 show significant differences in their targeting peptides and the proteins are predicted to be localized in different compartments. AtPreP1 was shown to degrade both mitochondrial and chloroplast targeting peptides and to be dual targeted to both organelles using an ambiguous targeting …
Biphasic Functions Of The Kinase-Defective Ephb6 Receptor In Cell Adhesion And Migration, Hiroshi Matsuoka, Hiroya Obama, Meghan Kelly, Toshimitsu Matsui, Masaru Nakamoto
Biphasic Functions Of The Kinase-Defective Ephb6 Receptor In Cell Adhesion And Migration, Hiroshi Matsuoka, Hiroya Obama, Meghan Kelly, Toshimitsu Matsui, Masaru Nakamoto
Biology Faculty Publications
EphB6 is a unique member in the Eph family of receptor tyrosine kinases in that its kinase domain contains several alterations in conserved amino acids and is catalytically inactive. Although EphB6 is expressed both in a variety of embryonic and adult tissues, biological functions of this receptor are largely unknown. In the present study, we examined the function of EphB6 in cell adhesion and migration. We demonstrated that EphB6 exerted biphasic effects in response to different concentrations of the ephrin-B2 ligand; EphB6 promoted cell adhesion and migration when stimulated with low concentrations of ephrin-B2, whereas it induced repulsion and inhibited …
Molecular Characterization Of A Isoenzyme Of The Targeting Peptide Degrading Protease, Prep2- Catalysis, Subcellular Localization, Expression And Evolution, S. Bhushan, A. Stahl, S. Nilsson, B. Lefebvre, D. Mcwilliams, S.J. Wright, M. Seki, D.A. Liberles, K. Shinozaki, Barry D. Bruce, M. Boutry, E. Glaser
Molecular Characterization Of A Isoenzyme Of The Targeting Peptide Degrading Protease, Prep2- Catalysis, Subcellular Localization, Expression And Evolution, S. Bhushan, A. Stahl, S. Nilsson, B. Lefebvre, D. Mcwilliams, S.J. Wright, M. Seki, D.A. Liberles, K. Shinozaki, Barry D. Bruce, M. Boutry, E. Glaser
Barry D. Bruce
We have previously identified a zinc metalloprotease involved in the degradation of mitochondrial and chloroplast targeting peptides, the presequence protease (PreP). In the Arabidopsis thaliana genomic database, there are two genes that correspond to the protease, the zinc metalloprotease (AAL90904) and the putative zinc metalloprotease (AAG13049). We have named the corresponding proteins AtPreP1 and AtPreP2, respectively. AtPreP1 and AtPreP2 show significant differences in their targeting peptides and the proteins are predicted to be localized in different compartments. AtPreP1 was shown to degrade both mitochondrial and chloroplast targeting peptides and to be dual targeted to both organelles using an ambiguous targeting …
Analysis Of Genotypic And Phenotypic Differences In Desmognathus Quadramaculatus Across The Southern Appalachians, Deborah Susan Merritt
Analysis Of Genotypic And Phenotypic Differences In Desmognathus Quadramaculatus Across The Southern Appalachians, Deborah Susan Merritt
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Populations of Desmognathus quadramaculatus were compared for genotypic and phenotypic differences across 5 states in the Southern Appalachians. Series consisting of 10 salamanders each were collected from West Virginia, Virginia, Tennessee, North Carolina and Georgia. Salamanders were assessed for genotypic differences by using allozyme (proteins with polymorphic loci) electrophoresis staining for 13 loci of the muscle, liver and stomach tissue. Nei’s genetic distance was used to score genetic variation between populations. Phenotypic differences were assessed by comparing 10 external morphological measurements between populations. Mahalanobis’ distance was used to score morphological differences between populations. Both genetic and morphological differences were correlated …
Arsenite Regulates Cystic Fibrosis TransmemBrane Conductance Regulator And P-Glycoprotein: Evidence Of Pathway Independence, Rangan Maitra, Joshua Hamilton
Arsenite Regulates Cystic Fibrosis TransmemBrane Conductance Regulator And P-Glycoprotein: Evidence Of Pathway Independence, Rangan Maitra, Joshua Hamilton
Dartmouth Scholarship
In the past, people have argued for and against the theory of reciprocal regulation of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) and P-glycoprotein (Pgp). Data have indicated that this may occur in vitro during drug-induced selection of cells, and in vivo during development. Much of this debate has been caused by a severe lack of mechanistic details involved in such regulation. Our past data indicate that certain Pgp modulators can affect CFTR expression and function. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of trivalent arsenic (arsenite), a known transcriptional activator of Pgp, on CFTR expression. In …
Selective Field Effects On Intracellular Vacuoles And Vesicle Membranes With Nanosecond Electric Pulses, Ephrem Tekle, Hammou Oubrahim, Sergey M. Dzekunov, Juergen F. Kolb, Karl H. Schoenbach
Selective Field Effects On Intracellular Vacuoles And Vesicle Membranes With Nanosecond Electric Pulses, Ephrem Tekle, Hammou Oubrahim, Sergey M. Dzekunov, Juergen F. Kolb, Karl H. Schoenbach
Bioelectrics Publications
Electric pulses across intact vesicles and cells can lead to transient increase in permeability of their membranes. We studied the integrity of these membranes in response to external electric pulses of high amplitude and submicrosecond duration with a primary aim of achieving selective permeabilization. These effects were examined in two separate model systems comprising of 1), a mixed population of 1,2-di-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine phospholipid vesicles and in 2), single COS-7 cells, in which large endosomal membrane vacuoles were induced by stimulated endocytosis. It has been shown that large and rapidly varying external electric fields, with pulses shorter than the charging time of …
Regulation Of Sparc Gene Expression By The Activator Protein 1 Transcription Factor, Joseph William Briggs
Regulation Of Sparc Gene Expression By The Activator Protein 1 Transcription Factor, Joseph William Briggs
Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences
Overexpression of the c-Jun proto-oncogene in MCF7 breast cancer cells results in a variety of phenotypic changes related to malignant progression including a shift to estrogen independent growth, increased cell motility and invasion. Concurrent with these phenotypic changes are alterations to cellular gene expression patterns. One gene that becomes highly upregulated is SPARC (secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine). Increased SPARC expression is associated with malignant progression in a variety of different cancers, although little is known regarding the mechanisms of SPARC gene regulation. Therefore, the objectives of this study were: (1) to determine the mechanisms by which c-Jun …