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Articles 1 - 5 of 5
Full-Text Articles in Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology
Characterization And Manipulation Of O-Glcnacylation In Granulosa Cells Of Bovine Ovarian Antral Follicles, Abigail Marie Maucieri
Characterization And Manipulation Of O-Glcnacylation In Granulosa Cells Of Bovine Ovarian Antral Follicles, Abigail Marie Maucieri
Graduate College Dissertations and Theses
Glucose is widely recognized as the preferred energy substrate for metabolism by granulosa cells (GCs). Yet in most cells, 2-5% of glucose is shunted through the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) for O-linked N-acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation). O-GlcNAcylation is an evolutionarily-conserved, post-translational process that modifies serine and threonine residues on a variety of proteins. O-GlcNAcylation is also considered a nutrient sensor that can regulate cellular processes such as metabolism, signal transduction, and proliferation. In this respect, O-GlcNAcylation may be similar to, and possibly mediate, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling and its nutrient-sensing actions. However, the occurrence of O-GlcNAcylation and its relative importance to …
Endotoxin Increases Oxidative Stress And Oxygen Tension While Reducing Milk Protein Gene Expression In The Mammary Gland, Alexander Jonathan Spitzer
Endotoxin Increases Oxidative Stress And Oxygen Tension While Reducing Milk Protein Gene Expression In The Mammary Gland, Alexander Jonathan Spitzer
Graduate College Dissertations and Theses
Mastitis, the inflammation of the mammary gland by bacterial infection, is one of the costliest diseases to the dairy industry primarily due to a loss in milk production. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms underlying reduced milk production during mastitis. We hypothesized that bacterial endotoxin induces cell apoptosis, oxidative stress and increases hypoxia while inhibiting milk gene expression in the mammary gland. To test this hypothesis, mice were bred to pregnancy, and 3 days post-partum the left and right sides of the 4th pair of mammary glands were alternately injected with either the endotoxin liposaccharide (LPS, …
Diversification Of Muroid Rodents Driven By The Late Miocene Global Cooling, Nelish Pradhan
Diversification Of Muroid Rodents Driven By The Late Miocene Global Cooling, Nelish Pradhan
Graduate College Dissertations and Theses
Late Miocene, 8 to 6 million years ago (Ma), climatic changes brought about dramatic floral and faunal changes. Cooler and drier climates that prevailed in the Late Miocene led to expansion of grasslands and retreat of forests at a global scale. Palaeogeographic studies suggest a global vegetation change causing an abrupt increase in C4 plant biomass while C3 biomass decreased between 8 and 6 Ma. Subsequent cycles of cooler and drier climatic conditions during the Mid-Pliocene (3.5–3 Ma) and Pleistocene (2.8–2.5; 1.8–1.6; 1.0–0.8 Ma) also caused forests to retreat into isolated refugia which played an important role in events that …
A Comparative Analysis Of The Moose Rumen Microbiota And The Pursuit Of Improving Fibrolytic Systems., Suzanne Ishaq Pellegrini
A Comparative Analysis Of The Moose Rumen Microbiota And The Pursuit Of Improving Fibrolytic Systems., Suzanne Ishaq Pellegrini
Graduate College Dissertations and Theses
The goal of the work presented herein was to further our understanding of the rumen microbiota and microbiome of wild moose, and to use that understanding to improve other processes. The moose has adapted to eating a diet of woody browse, which is very high in fiber, but low in digestibility due to the complexity of the plant polysaccharides, and the presence of tannins, lignin, and other plant-secondary compounds. Therefore, it was hypothesized that the moose would host novel microorganisms that would be capable of a wide variety of enzymatic functions, such as improved fiber breakdown, metabolism of digestibility-reducing or …
Estrogen Receptor Beta Is A Negative Regulator Of Mammary Cell Proliferation, Xiaozheng Song
Estrogen Receptor Beta Is A Negative Regulator Of Mammary Cell Proliferation, Xiaozheng Song
Graduate College Dissertations and Theses
The mammary gland cell growth and differentiation are under the control of both systemic hormones and locally produced growth factors. Among all these important hormones and growth factors, estrogen plays a central role in mammary gland development. The biological function of estrogen is mediated by estrogen receptor α (ERα) and estrogen receptor β (ERβ). Both ERα and ERβ are expressed in the mammary gland, but with distinct expression patterns. In the mammary gland, ERα has been proved to be the estrogen receptor that mediates the mitogenic function of estrogen. However the function of ERβ in mammary cell proliferation is less …