Animal Sciences Commons^™

Estimation Of Genetic Parameters For Production And Reproduction In Finnish Ayrshire Cattle, E. Mantysaari, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Records of AI-sired cows born between 1978 and 1982 were used to form two composite production and reproduction data sets. First (second) consisted of 35,568 (26,443) first lactations of daughters of 270 (237) sires. Traits were FCM, heifer, and first parity nonreturn rates, days between calving and first insemination, and days open, with means 5075 (5280) kg, .62 (.62), .44 (.49), 81 (81) d and 110 (111) d. (Co)variance components were estimated by REML with an expectation maximization algorithm. Sire model included age, month, herd-year effects, and relationships among sires. Records on animals with observations missing on some traits were …

Prediction Of Progeny Genetic Evaluations From Simultaneous Genetic Evaluations Of The Dam, Sire, And Maternal Grandsire With An Animal Model, L. Dale Van Vleck, C. P. Van Tassell, R. A. Westell

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Simultaneous genetic evaluations for bulls and cows obtained by mixed model procedures with an animal model incorporating all numerator relationships for artificially sired Holstein cows in northeastern United States were compared with separate (Northeast) mixed model evaluations of cows and sires for predicting genetic evaluations of progeny from dam, sire, and maternal grandsire evaluations. Regression coefficients for progeny (322,104 daughters and 837 sons) evaluations on dam, sire, and maternal grandsire evaluations were for daughters: Northeast evaluations; .50, .37, and -.02 compared to theoretical coefficients of .74, .52, and -.13, and simultaneous evaluations; .61, .50, and -.09 compared to theoretical coefficients …

Survival Of Trout Strains As Affected By Limnological Parameters, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Prior work at East Canyon Reservoir, Utah indicated that adult trout are important predators of stocked juvenile rainbow trout. Brown trout, in particular, were exclusively piscivorous when th~y exceeded 185 mm standard length. Fish became increasingly important in the diet of cutthroat trout greater than 330 mm. The purpose of this study was to further document the effect of adult trout on survival of juvenile rainbow trout in mid-elevation reservoirs. Causey Reservoir was chosen because it was thought to contain large brown and cutthroat trout and had not been intensively studied during the last eight years.

1988 Fall Field Day

Nebraska Bird Review

There were 65 people who attended part or all of the 1988 Fall Meeting at Halsey Forest 8-9 October. This included Dr. Jan Skoudin, of Prague, Czechoslovakia. Saturday night Dr. Julie Ann Savidge spoke on “The Extinction of an Island Forest Avifauna by an Introduced Snake”, a summary of her investigation of the brown tree snake’s effect on Guam’s avifauna. There was also a short slide show. The rest of the time was available for birding. A few NOU members came early enough on Friday to work with members of the US Forest Service on a butterfly and hummingbird garden …

"Index To Volume 56," From Nebraska Bird Review (December 1988) 56(4).

Nebraska Bird Review

Index to Volume 56

9 pages

"Notes," From Nebraska Bird Review (December 1988) 56(4)

Nebraska Bird Review

ADDITIONAL REPORTS FROM THOMAS COUNTY, SPRING 1988. Mike Dwyer, then working on a grouse telemetry project at Halsey Forest for the Game and Parks Commission, reported a Northern Saw-whet Owl 10 May. Mr. Dwyer's comments were: Most likely territorial male. Constant repetitions whistle. First vocalizations heard at 2345 h. in mixed hardwood/conifers. On 13 June he reported a Chuck-will's-widow, with these remarks: Was close enough to detect the "chuck" syllable of the call. Calling occurred at dusk in mixed hardwoods/conifers.

The Official List Of The Birds Of Nebraska

Nebraska Bird Review

The following is a list of species of birds whose occurrence in Nebraska has been proven to the satisfaction of the Nebraska Ornithologists' Union Records Committee. It includes records considered through 31 Dec. 1987. The sequence and nomenclature follow that used in the A.O.U. Checklist of North American Birds, 6th ed., 1983, and its supplements through the 36th.

The list includes 406 species; several other species are currently under review. The list also indicates how frequently each species has been acceptably reported in the past decade (1977-1987) to give some idea of current status. Frequency of occurrence is indicated …

Nebraska Bird Review (December 1988) 56(4), Whole Issue

Nebraska Bird Review

Table of Contents

The Official List of the Birds of Nebraska.................86

1988 Fall Field Day.................97

Book Reviews.................97

Notes.................99

Index to Volume 56 .................100

"Book Reviews," From Nebraska Bird Review (December 1988) 56(4).

Nebraska Bird Review

The Collins Guide to the Birds of Britian and Europe, with North Africa and the Middle East, Hermann Heinzel, Richard Fitter, and John Parslow, 326 pp., 4 1/2 x 7 1/2, index. The Stephen Greene Press, Lexing ton, Mass., softbound $15.95.

The Collins Field Guide to the Birds of West Africa, William Serle and Gerard J. Morel, 352 pp., 5 x 8, index. The Stephen Greene Press, Lexington, Mass., hardbound $21.95.

Announcement About The 20th International Ornithological Congress In Nebraska Bird Review (December 1988) 56(4)

Nebraska Bird Review

THE 20TH INTERNATIONAL ORNITHOLOGICAL CONGRESS will take place in Christchurch, New Zealand, on 2-9 December 1990. The Congress programme will include 7 plenary lectures, 48 symposia, contributed papers (spoken and poster), workshops, round-table discussions and films. There will be a mid-Congress excursion, day. Longer tours are planned to interesting ornithological sites in New Zealand before anc.' after the Congress, including the post Congress cruises to sub-antarctic islands.

Discocilia And Paddle Cilia In The Larvae Of Mulinia Lateralis And Spisula Solidissima (Mollusca: Bivalvia), Bernardita Campos, Roger L. Mann

VIMS Articles

The bivalve larval velum contains four bands of cilia: inner and outer preoral bands, an adoral band, and a postoral band. The preoral bands of compound cilia are generally considered to be used for both locomotion and food gathering. The adoral and postoral bands function in concert with the preoral bands in food gathering and transfer of food to the mouth. Cilia are usually described as cylindrical structures which taper to a blunt tip. Modified cilia with disc-shaped (discocilia) or pad dle-shaped ends have been recorded in several invertebrate species. Here, for the first time, we demonstrate the presence of …

Performance & Carcass Traits Of Swine Of Four Different Phenotypes & Three Usda Grades, Jon Althaus

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The purpose of this study was to compare the performance and carcass characteristics of swine of four different phenotypes and three USDA grades.

Hogs were placed into phenotypic groups of 24 each and penned by group. These pens were ideal, cutability, light muscled, fat, VS US and US The hops were fed a 16% corn and soybean meal ration fortified with appropriate minerals and vitamins. They were housed in a total confinement curtain-sided Kentucky plan building with a partially slatted floor. The hogs were weighed at 6-week intervals throughout the project to monitor average daily gain and pen feed efficiency. …

Oyster Spatfall In Virginia Rivers: 1988 Annual Summary, Bruce Barber, James Whitcomb

Reports

The Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) conducts annual surveys of oyster spatfall ( or "sett.ing") in Virginia waters. This survey provides an estimate of the potential of a particular area for receiving a "striken or set of oysters and helps define the timiug of setting events. In 1988 spatfall was monitored from June 6 to October 16 at a total of forty-two stations (Figure 1). · During this period shellstrings were deployed at each station (0.5m off the bottom) on a weekly basis. A shellstring consists of 12 oyster shells drilled through the center and strung on a piece …

Genetic Parameters For Production Traits Of Holsteins In California, New York, And Wisconsin, K. M. Wade, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Heritabilities and genetic correlations were estimated for milk and fat yields and fat percentage from 305-d, mature-equivalent records of registered and grade Holsteins in California, New York, and Wisconsin. Parameter estimates were obtained with daughter on dam regression within herd-year-season and sire of daughter. Data were pairs of first lactation records (38,115 in California, 171,555 in New York, and 136,031 in Wisconsin) from 1975 through 1984. California had higher means for milk (9046 kg) and fat (323 kg) than the other two states (approximately 7840 kg and 289 kg), but heritabilities of .36 and .34 were not greatly different from …

Comprehension Of "Absence" By An African Grey Parrot: Learning With Respect To Questions Of Same/Different, Irene M. Pepperberg

Sentience Collection

An African Grey parrot, Alex, learned to report on the absence or presence of similarity and difference between two objects. Alex was shown pairs of objects that were (a) totally dissimilar, (b) identical, or (c) similar or different with respect to one of three attributes (color, shape, or material). In the first two cases, he responded to the respective queries of "What's same?" or "What's different?" with the vocalization "none," and in the third case he responded with the appropriate category label ("color," "shape," or "mah-mah" [matter]). His accuracy was 80.9% to 83.9% for pairs of familiar objects not used …

Kentucky Warbler (Vol. 64, No. 4), Kentucky Library Research Collections

Kentucky Warbler

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of Methods Of Predicting Breeding Values Of Swine, J. W. Keele, R. K. Johnson, L. D. Young, T. E. Socha

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Best linear unbiased predictions (BLUP) using information from all known relatives; selection index using phenotype, full-sib average and half-sib average; and phenotypic deviation from contemporary group average were compared as methods of predicting breeding values for days to 100 kg and backfat. Swine records (n = 203,869) from five Hampshire, one Duroc and six Yorkshire herds were obtained from the Nebraska SPF Swine Accrediting Agency. Heritability values used to compute BLUP or index were either estimates based on within-breed offspring on parent regression or values recommended by the National Swine Improvement Federation (NSIF) guidelines. Within-breed estimates of heritability ranged from …

Correlated Responses Of Carcass And Reproductive Traits To Selection For Rate Of Lean Growth In Swine, E. R. Cleveland, R. K. Johnson, P. J. Cunningham

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Mass selection for an index of increased post-weaning average daily gain and decreased backfat thickness was practiced for five generations. Litter size and weight for 221 gilt litters, birth weight and nipple number for 2,242 piglets and weaning weight at 42 d of age for 2,111 pigs were recorded. Carcass measurements were taken on 331 pigs. Differences between means of the lines (select control) were regressed on cumulative selection differential of the index. These regression coefficients were negative (P > .10) for total number born, number born alive, number weaned per litter, nipple number and carcass backfat thickness. Coefficients were …

Effect Of Sex Ratio Of The Birth Litter On Subsequent Reproductive Performance Of Gilts, W. R. Lamberson, R. M. Blair, K. A. Rohde Parfet, B. N. Day, R. K. Johnson

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Records on age at puberty from 1,555 gilts and total number of pigs born in litters of 1,187 gilts from the Nebraska gene pool population were used to evaluate the effects of uterine environment on subsequent reproductive performance. Independent variables were line, year, line x year, proportion of males in the birth litter (sex ratio), number born in the birth litter (fraternity size) and sex ratio x fraternity size. Sex ratio, fraternity size and their interaction influenced age at puberty (P < .01) but not number born (P > .2). Partial regression coefficients indicated that age at puberty tended to decrease as sex ratio increased, particularly …

The Marsh Beetles (Coleoptera: Scirtidae) Of Pine Hollow And The Uw-Milwaukee Field Station, Daniel K. Young

Field Station Bulletins

Four species of marsh beetles were collected from Pine Hollow during the 1987 field season. Of these, Prionocyphon discoideus (Say) represents a new state record. In addition, specimens of an undescribed Cyphon were also recovered. During the same period, 12 scirtid species were taken at the UW-Milwaukee Field Station. Of these, new state records are reported for five species of Cyphon: fuscescens Klausnitzer, neovariabilis Klausnitzer, orohreatus KLausnitzer, perplexus Blatchley, and ruficollis (Say). Only two species, Flavohelodes thoracica (Guerin-Meneville) and Cyphon obscurus (Guerin-Meneville), were recovered from both sites. Observational notes are included for each of the species found at the two …

Glossy Buckthorn (Rhamnus Frangula), A Threat To The Vegetation Of The Cedarburg Bog, James A. Reinartz, Joanne Kline

Field Station Bulletins

Glossy buckthorn (Rhamnus frangula) is a shrub or small tree which is a native of Eurasia, introduced to North America about the mid-nineteenth century. Escaped from cultivation, Rhamnus frangula is rapidly becoming a serious pest in certain kinds of wetland habitats and has been in the Cedarburg Bog for at least the last thirty years. Glossy buckthorn is most dense in the string bog, the most unique vegetation type in the Bog. Since 1968, the string bog population of Rhamnus frangula has been growing logarithmically at a rate which doubles the population size in less than 4 years. Individual shoots …

Status Of Alien Plant Species In Eight State Naturalareas In Eastern Wisconsin, Lawrence A. Leitner

Field Station Bulletins

An annotated list of the non-native plant species found in eight eastern Wisconsin natural areas and their relative abundances in 1988 is presented. Except for European buckthorn, aliens were scattered and at low densities, several found mainly along trails. The most seriously invaded sites were Sanders Park and Muskego Park, areas with numerous hiking trails and relatively open, oak-dominated canopies.

Animal Science Newsletter, Fall 1988

Department of Animal Science: Departmental News

Contents:

Animal Science Building Dedication and Open House
Thanks for Support
New Faculty
Recipients of Awards
Graduate Student Recognition
Deaths in the Animal Science Family
Faculty Retirements
Enrollment Trends
New Programs in the Department
Alumni News
Block and Bridle Club
Judging Teams Have A Successful Year
Reception/Brunch for Dr. Ernie R. Peo, Jr. Recognition of His Retirement

Animal Science Newsletter, Fall 1988

Department of Animal Science: Departmental News

Contents:

Animal Science Building Dedication and Open House
Thanks for Support
New Faculty
Recipients of Awards
Graduate Student Recognition
Deaths in the Animal Science Family
Faculty Retirements
Enrollment Trends
New Programs in the Department
Alumni News
Block and Bridle Club
Judging Teams Have A Successful Year
Reception/Brunch for Dr. Ernie R. Peo, Jr. Recognition of His Retirement

Teratogenic Effects Of Zinc On Embryo-Larval Stages Of The Fathead Minnow (Pimephales Promelas), Barbara A. Ramey

KWRRI Research Reports

The effects of zinc on embryos and larvae of the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) were studied using standard 8-day embryo-larval bioassay techniques. The objective was to determine if there was a period in embryonic development which would be the most sensitive to the toxic and teratogenic effects of zinc. Five developmental stages were exposed to 0.5, 1.0 and 3.0 mg/L. After 96 hr, all animals exposed to 3.0 mg Zn/L were dead. The hatching stage was the most affected by 1.0 mg/L, with only 59% surviving after 96 hr, while the tailbud stage showed essentially control-level survival. However, virtually all …

Contribution Of The 1982 And Subsequent Year Class Females To The Virginia 1987 Commercial And Recreational Harvest, Herbert M. Austin

Reports

No abstract provided.

Variation In Piglet Weights: Weight Gains In The First Days After Birth And Their Relationship With Later Performance, B. K. Thompson, D. Fraser

Ontogeny Collection

Piglets from 42 litters of Yorkshire sows were weighed 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10, and 14 d after farrowing in order to explore the highly variable weight gains during the first 2 wk after birth. All litters were adjusted to 10-12 piglets by fostering. Litters differed greatly in average gain per piglet during the first 3 d after farrowing, with litter means ranging from 5 to 227 g d‒1 per piglet for the 3-d period. Gains during days 0-3 tended to be somewhat lower if the sow had a high body temperature during these days, but the …

Use Of Water By Piglets In The First Days After Birth, David Fraser, P. A. Phillips, B. K. Thompson, W. B. Peeters

Ontogeny Collection

Use of drinking water was determined for 51 litters of piglets by weighing and refilling a water dispenser each day for the first 4 d after farrowing. Measures of spillage, evaporation, and piglet drinking behavior indicated that most disappearance of water represented actual drinking by the piglets. Water use varied greatly among litters with an average of 46 g d^‒1 per piglet over the 4 d, and a range of negligible use to about 200 g d^‒1. Water use, especially on day 2, was correlated negatively with the average weight gain of the litter during the first …

1988 (Sixty-Third) Spring Occurrence Report

Nebraska Bird Review

Three hundred and six species (plus the possibilities that the Accipter and Empidonax species were ones that were not listed, and that a Louisiana Waterthrush was recorded in Nebraska) are listed in this report, from 15 locations, plus 13 "spot check" columns involving 34 counties. In 1987 there were 288 species from 13 locations and 6 "spot check" columns involving 9 counties; 1986 304 from 13 locations and 9 "spot check" columns involving 24 counties; 1985 296 from 13 locations and 9 "spot check" columns (plus additions on NBR 53: 70) involving 22 counties; and in 1984 293 from 12 …

Masthead From Nebraska Bird Review (September 1988) 56(3).

Nebraska Bird Review

Published quarterly in March, June, September, and December, by the Nebraska Ornithologists' Union Inc. as its official journal and sent to all members who are not in arrears for dues. Subscriptions (on a calendar year basis only) are $10.00 per year in the United States, $12.00 per year in Canada and Mexico, and $12.50 per year in all other countries, payable in advance. Single copies are $3.00 each, postpaid, in the United States; $3.50 elsewhere.