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Articles 1 - 9 of 9
Full-Text Articles in Animal Sciences
The Innate Immune Response In Eisenia Fetida To Microbial Challenges, Aaron Schindler
The Innate Immune Response In Eisenia Fetida To Microbial Challenges, Aaron Schindler
Journal of Undergraduate Research at Minnesota State University, Mankato
The common earthworm, Eisenia fetida, exhibits a rudimentary immune system. The earthworm needs cellular and chemical responses against a constant microbial exposure from its natural environment. Some cellular and chemical responses are found in the coelomic fluid and have been shown to demonstrate anti-microbial characteristics. This project uses microscopy and modified staining techniques to differentiate and categorize the cellular components found in the coelomic fluid. Following a microbial challenge by Klebsiella pneumoniae, an inflammatory response was initiated. Six groups of earthworms were injected with 0.05 ml of 1.0 x 106 cfu /ml K. pneumoniae on day one and tested over …
Search For The Causative Organism Of Waterfowl Deaths At Lake Onalaska, Derek Skillings
Search For The Causative Organism Of Waterfowl Deaths At Lake Onalaska, Derek Skillings
Journal of Undergraduate Research at Minnesota State University, Mankato
American coots (Fulica americana) and diving ducks, including lesser scaup (Aythya affinis) and ring-necked ducks (Aythya collaris) have been dying in significant numbers on Lake Onalaska since 2001. Bird mortality is being attributed to parasitic infections from two intestinal trematodes, Cyathocotyle bushiensis and Sphaeridiotrema globulus. The birds begin dying in as little as two weeks of landing at this lake. Rapid mortality is not typically associated with trematode parasitism. Assuming these birds acquired their infections at Lake Onalaska, leads to the conclusion that our current understanding of the disease in this parasite-host system is lacking. Neorickettsiales are a group of …
Effect Of Conditioned Medium On The Recovery Of Dormant Mycobacteria In Culture, Kelly E. Rock
Effect Of Conditioned Medium On The Recovery Of Dormant Mycobacteria In Culture, Kelly E. Rock
Journal of Undergraduate Research at Minnesota State University, Mankato
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Mpt) is the etiologic agent of Johne’s disease, a chronic intestinal disease in cattle that threatens the economic viability of dairy farming. Diagnostic culture is typically unrewarding until several years after infection when clinical signs can be observed. This leads to widespread infection within the herd. Difficulty in culturing Mpt may be a result of oxidative damage due to the increased metabolic rate when dormant organisms are recovered in a nutrient rich medium. In order to improve recovery it is believed that some organisms secrete a growth factor in times of environmental stress which enables them …
Population Of Northern Leopard Frogs (Rana Pipiens) Migrating Between The Ney Frog Pond And The Minnesota River Valley For Spring Breeding, Rebecca Madison Pollack
Population Of Northern Leopard Frogs (Rana Pipiens) Migrating Between The Ney Frog Pond And The Minnesota River Valley For Spring Breeding, Rebecca Madison Pollack
Journal of Undergraduate Research at Minnesota State University, Mankato
The Northern Leopard Frogs (Rana pipiens) found at the Ney Nature Center (NNC) are particularly important to the NNC, as they are the initial population of frogs found deformed in 1995. As bio-indicators, frog populations can be used to assess the health of their surrounding environment. This study used standard herpetological field methods to gain a population estimate of Northern Leopard Frogs and the migration route used by these frogs as they moved up the bluffs of the Minnesota River Valley from their wintering site to the Ney Frog Pond for spring breeding. The results gathered provide the Ney Environmental …
Effect Of Increased Water Temperature On Warm Water Fish Feeding Behavior And Habitat Use, Eric Walberg
Effect Of Increased Water Temperature On Warm Water Fish Feeding Behavior And Habitat Use, Eric Walberg
Journal of Undergraduate Research at Minnesota State University, Mankato
Global warming could cause changes in species behavior and life history. Stream fish may be significantly affected by climate change because individuals are restricted in their movements by water systems and other physical factors, preventing migration to locations more thermally suitable. The effect of warmer waters on stream fish could change behavior and affect the fish species survival and ultimately ecosystem function. During my experiment I observed the effects of increased water temperature on the feeding behavior and habitat use of two native Minnesota fish species, black crappie (Pomoxis nigromaculatus) and black bullhead (Ameiurus melas). An increase of 2oC over …
Anti-Predator Responses Of Fathead Minnows To Alarm Substance Pheromone, Sarah Thomson
Anti-Predator Responses Of Fathead Minnows To Alarm Substance Pheromone, Sarah Thomson
Journal of Undergraduate Research at Minnesota State University, Mankato
In some fish, alarm substances are released from skin cells when they are bitten by a predator, signaling nearby fish in potential danger. Such anti-predator defenses have been studied in the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas), and some have hypothesized that the response to the alarm substance is not instinctual, but rather fish must learn to associate it with a predation cue such as motion. The purpose of this study is to detect an effect of conditioning (associating alarm substance with predation threat) on minnow responses to alarm substance. We tested the prediction that conditioned fish would react more strongly to …
Atrazine Influence On Northern Pike Sperm Motility And Viability In Minnesota, Andy Stevens, Paul Pallardy
Atrazine Influence On Northern Pike Sperm Motility And Viability In Minnesota, Andy Stevens, Paul Pallardy
Journal of Undergraduate Research at Minnesota State University, Mankato
Concern has been noted by fish hatchery biologists with the Department of Natural Resources that southern Minnesota northern pike Esox lucius populations have exhibited reduced hatching rates, a trend not occurring with northern Minnesota pike populations. The chemical atrazine is a frequently used herbicide in Minnesota and has been found to cause gonadal dysgenesis and reproductive development issues in amphibians and fish. Sperm, length, and age data were collected from northern pike in four Minnesota lakes. Water samples were obtained from two of the lakes to test for atrazine. Test results indicated atrazine concentrations0.10 and r2 < 0.06 for all regressions). Sperm motility reductions in northern pike could be related to declining populations and warrants further research.
The Abundance And Diversity Of Intestinal Trematodes Collected From Blue Winged Teal And Ring-Neck Ducks Inhabiting Lake Winnibigoshish, Minnesota, Omolayo Ogunnowo
The Abundance And Diversity Of Intestinal Trematodes Collected From Blue Winged Teal And Ring-Neck Ducks Inhabiting Lake Winnibigoshish, Minnesota, Omolayo Ogunnowo
Journal of Undergraduate Research at Minnesota State University, Mankato
This study investigated the abundance and diversity of parasites residing in the digestive tracts of blue winged teal and ring-necked ducks collected at Lake Winnibigoshish, MN. The trematode parasites we focused on in this study were removed from the anterior-most, 15cm segment of the small intestine of 10 individuals of each bird species. The parasites were initially stored in 10% formalin and were subsequently stained with Schneider’s aceto carmine, then mounted on microscope slides for diagnostic purposes. A total of 1605 trematodes were recovered from the birds. We found that blue wing teal and ring-necked ducks tended to contain different …
Estrogenic Effects On A Protandrous Hermaphroditic Species: Amphiprion Percula, Randall Burns, Katie Dose
Estrogenic Effects On A Protandrous Hermaphroditic Species: Amphiprion Percula, Randall Burns, Katie Dose
Undergraduate Research Symposium
Estrogen concentrations are increased in aquatic environments due to the addition of pharmaceutical drugs (i.e. birth control) through runoff water. This manipulates maturation of sexes within many species that inhabit aquatic enviornments, including fresh and marine habitats. Amphiprion percula exhibit a hierarchal system behavioral pattern, which determines the social status of individuals within a group. Multiple clown anemonefish, A. percula were studied via a controlled environment and hierarchal succession was observed under estrogenic additions. From this study, data on sex change of a hermaphroditic protandrous species was observed under the influence of three concentrations of natural estrogen. Based on sex …