Life Sciences Commons^™

Optimisation Of Polyphenol Extraction For The Valorisation Of Spent Gin Botanicals, Ekene C. Umego

Articles

An average of 0.21 kg spent gin botanicals (SGB) is generated for every 1 L of gin, making it the major by-product of gin distillation. The present circular economy dynamics and increased awareness on resource use presents an opportunity for valorisation of SGB. SGB was optimised for polyphenol extraction using a three-factor Box-Behnken Design in response surface methodology (RSM). This was used to both optimise and study how the extraction variables affected yields and values of polyphenol and antioxidant activity of SGB. The generated optimum conditions for polyphenol extraction from SGB were 50% (v/v) solvent concentration, 40 mL g−1 solvent: …

Partial Replacement Of Vitamin E With Polyphenol In Nursery Pig Diets, Zhong-Xing Rao, Mike D. Tokach, Jason C. Woodworth, Joel M. Derouchey, Apoorva S. Shah, Brandon H. Foley, Karsten C. Kjeldsen, Grete Brunsgaard, Robert D. Goodband, Jordan T. Gebhardt

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 300 pigs (241 × 600 DNA; initially 13.1 lb) were used in a 42-d trial to determine the effects of vitamin E levels and partially replacing vitamin E with a polyphenol (Cabanin CSD; R2 Agro, Denmark) on growth performance, complete blood count (CBC), serum thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and cytokine panel. Sixty pens of pigs were weighed and allotted to 1 of 5 dietary treatments in a completely randomized design with 12 pens per treatment. A control treatment was formulated to provide 15 IU/kg of vitamin E equivalence from vitamin E. This control …

Study On The Relationship Between Polyphenolic Compoundsand The Taste Of Fruit Juice Samples, He Zeng-Yang, Li Yu-Xiu, Zhu Qing-Sheng, Ning Yong, Zhu Xiao-Lan

Food and Machinery

Objective：This study aimed to clarify the content anddistribution of polyphenols in fruit juice samples and explore theintrinsic connection of the content of polyphenols with the taste offruit juice .Methods： 15 kinds of polyphenols in fruit juice sampleswere determined by HPLC-MS/MS following ethanol ultrasonic-assisted extraction.Various statistical methods such as correlation and_cluster analysis，were used to establish thesensory evaluation system of fruit juice with the values ofdifferent tastes，including sweetness，sourness，bitterness，salty， umami， astringency and piquancy.Lastly， the relationshipbetween the content of polyphenols and sensory evaluation wasexplored by correlation analysis .Results： 14 types of fruit juiceswere divided into four categories owing to …

Comparison Of Flavonoid Intake Assessment Methods Using Usda And Phenol Explorer Databases: Subcohort Diet, Cancer And Health-Next Generations—Max Study, Fabian Lanuza, Nicola P. Bondonno, Raul Zamora-Ros, Agnetha Linn Rostgaard-Hansen, Anne Tjønneland, Rikard Landberg, Jytte Halkjær, Cristina Andres-Lacueva

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Flavonoids are bioactive plant compounds that are widely present in the human diet. Estimating flavonoid intake with a high degree of certainty is challenging due to the inherent limitations of dietary questionnaires and food composition databases. This study aimed to evaluate the degree of reliability among flavonoid intakes estimated using four different approaches based on the two most comprehensive flavonoid databases, namely, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and Phenol Explorer (PE). In 678 individuals from the MAX study, a subcohort of the Diet, Cancer and Health-Next Generations cohort, dietary data were collected using three 24-h diet recalls over 1 …

Ionophoric Polyphenols Are Permeable To The Blood Brain Barrier, Interact With Human Serum Albumin And Calf Thymus Dna, And Inhibit Ache Enzymatic Activity, Alberto Martinez, Mai Zahran, Miguel Gomez, Johnny Guevara, Rosemary Pichardo-Bueno, Junaid Asim, Gabriel Ortiz, Yaa Andoh, Sinji Shibutani, Baljit Kaur

Publications and Research

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia that affects more than 40 million people around the world. The incidence is expected to rapidly increase due to the lack of any effective treatment. In previous work we synthesized a family of five ionophoric polyphenols (compounds 1–5) that targeted important aspects related to AD, such as the toxic aggregation of amyloid-β peptides, the production of reactive oxygen species, or the excessive presence of Cu²⁺ ions. Here, in order to gain insights into their potential therapeutic value, we have tested the ability of compounds 1– …

Insect Mediated Species Interactions: Examining Methods To Improve Artificial Buzz Pollination And Testing The Effects Of Plant Based Bioactive Compounds On Herbivore Life-History Traits, Mandeep Tayal

Theses and Dissertations

Pollination and herbivory are two major interactions in insect-plant ecology. Specialized pollination systems such as buzz pollination where pollen grains have to be extracted by bees with special thoracic vibrations and indirect flight muscles, is observed in ~6% of all flowering plants. Breeding and research programs in these species demand artificial pollination, but natural buzz pollinators are unreliable for this purpose. To find an alternative, we tested the pollen extraction efficiency of using inexpensive electric toothbrush over tuning fork (another commonly used device) in two buzz-pollinated species (Tomato and Silverleaf nightshade) at different buzzing frequencies and multiple buzzing time intervals. …

Characterization And Analysis Of Curcumin Extracted From Turmeric Using Mass Spectrometry And Uv-Vis Spectroscopy, Cecilia Russo, Anna Fedor

Student Research Poster Presentations 2020

Turmeric is a spice most commonly found in Indian cuisine that is known for its medicinal properties. The most active compound that can be found in turmeric is curcumin. Curcumin is a polyphenol that is best known for its antioxidant and anticancer properties. Curcumin is mostly insoluble in water so the extraction of curcumin from turmeric was achieved by using ethanol or dichloromethane/hexane as the solvent. Since turmeric is not soluble in these solvents, a small amount of turmeric was soaked in larger amount of ethanol or dichloromethane/hexane to allow the curcumin to be dissolved out. The resulting solution can …

Interaction Of Cocoa Powder With Intestinal Microbiota, Zuyin Li

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Cocoa powder contains polyphenolic compounds, which can provide potential health benefits to humans. The human gastroinestinal tract hosts diverse microorganisms which are called the human gut microbiota. These microbes can utilize carbohydrates through fermentation resulting in the production of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which cause a reduction of pH in gastroinestinal tract. The cocoa processing can change the composition of the carbohydrates, which can affect the fermentation patterns.

In this study we established an in vitro model system which simulated gastric digestion and colon fermentation. Five different processed cocoa samples (alkalized cocoa samples: D-11-B and D-11-S; non-alkalized cocoa samples: …

Phytochemical-Rich Foods Inhibit The Growth Of Pathogenic Trichomonads, Sabrina M. Noritake, Jenny Liu, Sierra Kanetake, Carol E. Levin, Christina Tam, Luisa W. Cheng, Kirkwood M. Land, Mendel Friedman

College of the Pacific Faculty Articles

Plants produce secondary metabolites that often possess widespread bioactivity, and are then known as phytochemicals. We previously determined that several phytochemical-rich food-derived preparations were active against pathogenic foodborne bacteria. Trichomonads produce disease (trichomoniasis) in humans and in certain animals. Trichomonads are increasingly becoming resistant to conventional modes of treatment. It is of interest to test bioactive, natural compounds for efficacy against these pathogens.

Effects Of Dietary Supplementation Of Scutellaria Baicalensis Extract During Early Lactation On Milk Production Of Dairy Cattle, K. Olagaray, Michael Brouk, F. Robert, E. Dupuis, B. Bradford

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Multiparous Holstein cows (n = 122) were used in a randomized block design to determine the effect of short-term and long-term postpartum administration ofScutellaria baicalensisextract (SBE) on 305-day milk yield, 120-day milk component yield, and early lactation milk markers of inflammation and metabolic function. Treatments were (1) control, (2) short-term (5-day) administration of the SBE (SBE5), and (3) longterm (60-day) administration of the SBE (SBE60). Treatments were included in a treatment pellet that was identical to the control pellet in ingredient source and composition except for the extract, and both pellets were provided via an automated milking system. …

Influence Of Dietary Polyphenols On Carbohydrate Intestinal Digestion And Absorption, Sydney E. Moser

Open Access Dissertations

Both epidemiological and clinical evidence support the notion that polyphenol rich foods and beverages may modify glycemic response, glucose homeostasis and subsequent risk of Type-2 diabetes. In vitro evidence typically derived from experiments with pure phenolics and phenolic rich extracts have pointed to this benefit being associated with two potential mechanisms: (1) the ability of specific polyphenolics to inhibit carbohydrate digestion (amylase and glucosidase) and (2) polyphenolic inhibition of intestinal glucose transport. While the high potential of these activities is evident, little is actually known regarding the extent to which these benefits are extendable to the actual food matrix these …

Polyphenol Content And Differential Expression Of Flavonoid Biosynthetic Pathway Genes Of Fragaria Spp. With White Fruit, Sutapa Roy

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

Strawberries are a rich source of polyphenols which contribute to berry color and plant disease resistance, and have been shown to lower the risk of many chronic when consumed. While a considerable body of work exists on the polyphenolic composition of commercial strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.), less information is available concerning polyphenols in Fragaria vesca, or Alpine strawberry, considered a model system for the Rosaceae family of crop species. The study of natural and genetically-engineered F. vesca mutants with white fruit can provide unique insight into regulation of metabolic flux through the complex branched phenylpropanoid/flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. …

Synthesis Of 4'-Ester Resveratrol Analogues, Chromium Trioxide Oxidation Of Terpenes, And Synthesis Of Mimics Of (-)-Englerin A, Mark Jeffrey Acerson

Theses and Dissertations

4’ -ester analogues of resveratrol were synthesized using reaction conditions developed to produce mono-ester products in the presence of two other unprotected phenols. Basic conditions were employed to deprotonate the most acidic 4’ phenol followed by addition of anhydrides or acid chlorides to give the ester product. The reaction favored 4’-ester formation in polar aprotic solvents with DMSO being the optimal solvent.

(—)-Englerin A is a guaiane-type sesquiterpene containing two ester side chains. Mimics of (—)-englerin A were proposed that retained the ester side chains while replacing the non-polar core with less complicated structures. These proposed mimic cores would maintain …

Addressing Public Health Risks Of Persistent Pollutants Through Nutritional Modulation And Biomimetic Nanocomposite Remediation Platforms, Bradley J. Newsome

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

Due to their relative chemical stability and ubiquity in the environment, chlorinated organic contaminants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) pose significant health risks and enduring remediation challenges. Engineered nanoparticles (NPs) provide a novel platform for sensing/remediation of these toxicants, in addition to the growing use of NPs in many industrial and biomedical applications, but there remains concern for their potential long-term health effects. Research highlighted herein also represents a transdisciplinary approach to address human health challenges associated with exposure to PCBs and NPs. The objectives of this dissertation research are two-fold, 1) to develop effective methods for capture/sensing and remediation …

Brain Bioavailability Of Polyphenols: Implications For Delivery Of Brain Health Benefits, Tzu-Ying Chen

Open Access Dissertations

Consumption of fruits and vegetables has been associated with neuroprotection and cognitive benefits throughout the life span. These associations have sparked interest in plant-derived polyphenols as biologically active agents with potential for targeting brain benefits. However, little is known regarding the ability of the polyphenols or their metabolites from polyphenol-rich products to cross the blood-brain-barrier, and be available for biological action. Furthermore, additional insight is needed on factors affecting the absorption and brain distribution of polyphenol metabolites in vivo. To fill gap in current knowledge, this thesis will focus on the effects of diabetogenic diet and diabetic state which have …

Investigations In Enhancing The Reproducibility Of Implantable Amperometric Glucose Biosensors For Mass Production, Dipesh Manharbhai Patel

Honors Scholar Theses

Implantable glucose sensors for Diabetes management should possess several attributes such as linearity, sensitivity, selectivity, long life time and should elicit no negative tissue response. Based on this, the UConn implantable glucose sensor team has developed a 5-layer sensor architecture that simultaneously affords the aforementioned requirements. However, the large scale production of these 5-layer sensors is inhibited by the lack of high sensor-to-sensor reproducibility. Herein, we investigate the origin of sensor-to-sensor irreproducibility and develop methodologies for large-scale fabrication of these devices.

Application Of Principal Component And Hierarchical Cluster Analysis To Classify Different Spices Based On In Vitro Antioxidant Activity And Individual Polyphenolic Antioxidant Compounds, M. Hossain, A. Patras, Catherine Barry-Ryan, Ana Belen Martin-Diana, N. Brunton

Articles

This study investigated the variations in antioxidant profiles between spices using pattern recognition tools; classification was achieved based on the results of global antioxidant activity assays (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH], oxygen radical absorbance capacity [ORAC], ferric reducing antioxidant power [FRAP], microsomal lipid peroxidation [MLP] and 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) [ABTS]), levels of different polyphenolic compounds (gallic acid [GA], carnosol [CAR], carnosic acid [CRA], caffeic acid [CA], rosmarinic acid [RA], luteolin-7-O-glucoside [LOG], apigenin-7-O-glucoside [APOG] and total phenols [TP]) of spices namely rosemary, oregano, marjoram, sage, basil, thyme, fennel, celery, cumin and parsley, commonly consumed in Ireland were analyzed. Rosemary showed the highest antioxidant activity measured …

Application Of Principal Component And Hierarchical Cluster Analysis To Classify Different Spices Based On In-Vitro Antioxidant Activity And Individual Polyphenolic Antioxidant Compounds, Mohammad Hossain, Ankit Patras, Catherine Barry-Ryan, Ana Belen Martin-Diana, Nigel Brunton

Articles

This study investigated the variations in antioxidant profiles between spices using pattern recognition tools; classification was achieved based on the results of global antioxidant activity assays (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH], oxygen radical absorbance capacity [ORAC], ferric reducing antioxidant power [FRAP], microsomal lipid peroxidation [MLP] and 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) [ABTS]), levels of different polyphenolic compounds (gallic acid [GA], carnosol [CAR], carnosic acid [CRA], caffeic acid [CA], rosmarinic acid [RA], luteolin-7-O-glucoside [LOG], apigenin-7-O-glucoside [APOG] and total phenols [TP]) of spices namely rosemary, oregano, marjoram, sage, basil, thyme, fennel, celery, cumin and parsley, commonly consumed in Ireland were analyzed. Rosemary showed the highest antioxidant activity measured …

Quality And Safety Assessment During The Ozonation Of Cloudy Apple Juice, Sonal Patil, B. Torres, Brijesh Tiwari, Hilda Wingaard, Paula Bourke, Patrick Cullen, C. O'Donnell, Vasilis Valdramidis

Articles

Traditionally, ozone processing within the food industry has focused on solid foods by either gaseous treatment or washing with ozonated water. However, with the FDA’s approval of ozone as a direct additive to food, the potential for liquid applications has emerged. This study investigates the effect of ozone processing on microbial inactivation (E. coli ATCC 25922 and NCTC 12900), and quality parameters (colour, phenolic content) of apple juice. Apple juice samples were ozonated at room temperature (20±1.5^oC) with an ozone concentration of 0.048 mg O₃ min^-1 ml^-1 and treatment time of 0 to 10 …