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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Distribution Of Shell-Boring Polychaetes At Shellfish Aquaculture Sites Along The Northeast Coast Of The Us, Samantha Silverbrand
Distribution Of Shell-Boring Polychaetes At Shellfish Aquaculture Sites Along The Northeast Coast Of The Us, Samantha Silverbrand
Honors College
Coastal shellfish aquaculture has expanded substantially in recent years in Maine and New England as traditional wild fishery stocks have declined. As shellfish aquaculture has expanded, producers have become more concerned about marine worm pests (i.e., polychaetes) that infest cultured bivalves. In particular, worms from the genus Polydora (also known as “polydorids”) burrow into oyster and scallop shells where they feed and deposit mud. Bivalves cover over the muddy burrows creating blisters that can decrease their market value and hinder growth. Farmers and researchers have identified methods to control infestations of P. websteri, one common species of shell-boring worm. However, …
Vignette 04: Olympia Oysters, Jodie Toft, Betsy Peabody
Vignette 04: Olympia Oysters, Jodie Toft, Betsy Peabody
Institute Publications
Olympia oysters (Ostrea lurida) are our only native oyster species here in the Salish Sea. Olympia oysters once covered an estimated 13-26% of the intertidal area in Puget Sound, mostly near the heads of inlets. A combination of overharvest, pollution, and habitat loss reduced the current population to less than 4% of historic numbers, though sparse numbers of Olympia oysters can still be found throughout most of their historic distribution. Looking to the future, as our region’s marine waters experience effects of climate change and ocean acidification (OA), native species such as the Olympia oyster may prove to …
The “Challenge" Of Depletion: Why The Oyster Fishery Is Not Self-Regulating, Eric N. Powell, John M. Klinck, Leanne M. Poussard
The “Challenge" Of Depletion: Why The Oyster Fishery Is Not Self-Regulating, Eric N. Powell, John M. Klinck, Leanne M. Poussard
CCPO Publications
The possibility that the economics of the oyster fishery impose a self-limitation on overharvesting has been proffered on occasion. The inefficiency of harvesting by the fishery has been evaluated and estimates of the exploitation rate permissible under conditions of maximum sustainable yield have been obtained in previous studies. The question becomes to what extent does the inefficiency of harvest interact with the economics of the fishery to compromise ready detection of overfishing? This study explores the possibility that the constraint of economics on the fishery occurs at oyster exploitation rates that are higher than maximum sustainable yield, leading ineluctably to …
History Of The Virginia Oyster Fishery, Chesapeake Bay, Usa, David M. Schulte
History Of The Virginia Oyster Fishery, Chesapeake Bay, Usa, David M. Schulte
VIMS Articles
Oyster populations in Virginia's waters of Chesapeake Bay were lightly exploited until the early 1800s, when industrial fishery vessels first arrived, driven south from New England due to the collapse of northeastern oyster fisheries. Early signs of overexploitation and habitat degradation were evident by the 1850s. The public fishery, where oyster fishers harvest on state-owned bottom, rapidly developed after the Civil War and peaked in the early 1880s. Declines were noted by the late 1880s and eventually prompted the creation of Virginia's shell-planting and oyster-seed (young-of-the-year, YOY) moving repletion program in the 1920s. Despite management and increasing repletion efforts, the …
Practical Oyster Larvae And Remote Deployment Pool, Albert Pollard
Practical Oyster Larvae And Remote Deployment Pool, Albert Pollard
Reports
This grant will evaluate the costs of constructing and operating a 100 bushel “floating pool” in which aged, washed, and containerized shell is placed with purchased larvae for setting on the cultch. The 100 bushel sized pool is being proposed because it is a sample size large enough to test future scalability but small enough to manage as a controlled experiment. In addition, the proposal will compare the setting efficiency of the pool vs the standard upland tanks. Also, we intend to test practicality - after lifting the skirt that forms the pool – of towing the POLARDS Pool (now …
Quantifying Finfish And Blue Crab Use Of Created Oyster Reefs In The Lower Chesapeake Bay, Bruce W. Pfirrmann, Rochelle D. Seitz
Quantifying Finfish And Blue Crab Use Of Created Oyster Reefs In The Lower Chesapeake Bay, Bruce W. Pfirrmann, Rochelle D. Seitz
Presentations
Structurally complex reefs created by the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica provide a host of ecosystem services yet have experienced significant declines, prompting extensive restoration efforts. We investigate the use of created oyster reefs in the lower Bay by mobile finfish and blue crabs with field surveys and diet analysis. The results of this study provide insight into how restoration activities influence estuarine community dynamics and the provision of ecosystem services.
The Relationship Between Reproduction And Mortality In Triploid Crassostrea Virginica: A Matter Of Economic Importance, Joseph L. Matt, Standish K. Allen
The Relationship Between Reproduction And Mortality In Triploid Crassostrea Virginica: A Matter Of Economic Importance, Joseph L. Matt, Standish K. Allen
Presentations
The goal of this project is to maximize survival for commercially produced triploid Crassostrea virginica oysters in Virginia. Over the last few years, commercial oyster growers in Virginia have reported significant mortality events of triploid oysters during the spring and summer months. The summer of 2014 was the worst yet, as growers across the state reported summer mortality, most severe on the Eastern shore and in some cases as high as 85% of the crop (Karen Hudson, personal communication). Surviving oysters from some of these mortality events were sent to the Virginia Institute of Marine Science and several of the …
Abstracts Of Shellfish Technical Papers, Presented At The Joint Meeting Of The Northeast Aquaculture Conference And Exposition And The 35th Milford Aquaculture Seminar, Portland, Maine, January 14–16, 2015, National Shellfisheries Association
Abstracts Of Shellfish Technical Papers, Presented At The Joint Meeting Of The Northeast Aquaculture Conference And Exposition And The 35th Milford Aquaculture Seminar, Portland, Maine, January 14–16, 2015, National Shellfisheries Association
VIMS Articles
No abstract provided.
Abstracts Of Technical Papers, Presented At The 107th Annual Meeting, National Shellfisheries Association, Monterey, California, March 22–26, 2015, National Shellfisheries Association
Abstracts Of Technical Papers, Presented At The 107th Annual Meeting, National Shellfisheries Association, Monterey, California, March 22–26, 2015, National Shellfisheries Association
VIMS Articles
No abstract provided.
Analysis Of Short-Term Temporal Variation In Densities Of Pathogenic Vibrio Species In Virginia Oysters, Kimberly Huskey
Analysis Of Short-Term Temporal Variation In Densities Of Pathogenic Vibrio Species In Virginia Oysters, Kimberly Huskey
Reports
The objective of this project was to establish the baseline densities of the pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus(Vp) and Vibrio vulnificus(Vv) strains in oysters from Virginia across seasons and over a short time scale.
Blue Crab Industry - Oyster Aquaculture Training And Transition June 2011- June 2012 Final Report, Matthew Richmond
Blue Crab Industry - Oyster Aquaculture Training And Transition June 2011- June 2012 Final Report, Matthew Richmond
Reports
No abstract provided.
Abstracts Of Technical Papers, Presented At The 104th Annual Meeting, National Shellfisheries Association, Seattle, Washington, March 24–29, 2012, National Shellfisheries Association
Abstracts Of Technical Papers, Presented At The 104th Annual Meeting, National Shellfisheries Association, Seattle, Washington, March 24–29, 2012, National Shellfisheries Association
VIMS Articles
No abstract provided.
Abstracts Of Technical Papers Presented At The 103rd Annual Meeting National Shellfisheries Association Baltimore, Maryland March 27–31, 2011, National Shellfisheries Association
Abstracts Of Technical Papers Presented At The 103rd Annual Meeting National Shellfisheries Association Baltimore, Maryland March 27–31, 2011, National Shellfisheries Association
VIMS Articles
No abstract provided.
Method And Concept Evaluation Of Relaying Oysters From Chesapeake Bay To High Salinity Water As A Post-Harvest-Process To Reduce Vibrio Vulnificus To Undetectable Levels: Final Report, Thomas Gallivan, A. J. Erskine, Tommy Leggett, Howard Kator, Kimberly Reece
Method And Concept Evaluation Of Relaying Oysters From Chesapeake Bay To High Salinity Water As A Post-Harvest-Process To Reduce Vibrio Vulnificus To Undetectable Levels: Final Report, Thomas Gallivan, A. J. Erskine, Tommy Leggett, Howard Kator, Kimberly Reece
Reports
Post-harvest processing (PHP) methods for reducing vibrio levels that have been developed thus far are either capital intensive, have limited throughput, are not readily available, and/or are generally very expensive. In the summer of 2010 we initiated a small-scale evaluation to assess the effectiveness of relay to elevated salinity as a PHP strategy to reduce levels of Vibrio vulnificus in Crassostrea virginica oysters.
Abstracts Of Technical Papers Presented At The 101st Annual Meeting National Shellfisheries Association Savannah, Georgia March 22–26, 2009, National Shellfisheries Association
Abstracts Of Technical Papers Presented At The 101st Annual Meeting National Shellfisheries Association Savannah, Georgia March 22–26, 2009, National Shellfisheries Association
VIMS Articles
No abstract provided.
Population Assessment Of Eastern Oysters (Crassostrea Virginica) In The Seaside Coastal Bays, Paige G. Ross, Mark Luckenbach
Population Assessment Of Eastern Oysters (Crassostrea Virginica) In The Seaside Coastal Bays, Paige G. Ross, Mark Luckenbach
Reports
Declines of oyster populations and commercial harvest from the Virginia seaside coastal bays have followed similar patterns, though not as severe, as those in Chesapeake Bay. High prevalence of Dermo disease (Perkinsus marinus) and MSX disease (Haplosporidium nelsoni) coupled with over harvest and habitat destruction have dramatically reduced populations. Nevertheless, there are several promising signs that significant enhancement of the population could be achieved with well conceived restoration efforts. Oyster habitat and population distribution were examined in the coastal bay system on the seaside of the Eastern Shore of Virginia. This system is composed of barrier islands, salt marshes, broad …
Abstracts Of Technical Papers Presented At The 100th Annual Meeting National Shellfisheries Association Providence, Rhode Island April 6–10, 2008, National Shellfisheries Association
Abstracts Of Technical Papers Presented At The 100th Annual Meeting National Shellfisheries Association Providence, Rhode Island April 6–10, 2008, National Shellfisheries Association
VIMS Articles
No abstract provided.
Identification Of Management Strategies For Promoting Aquaculture In Virginia, Pamela Mason, Center For Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science
Identification Of Management Strategies For Promoting Aquaculture In Virginia, Pamela Mason, Center For Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science
Reports
No abstract provided.
Report And Recommendations Of The Blue Ribbon Oyster Panel, Blue Ribbon Oyster Panel
Report And Recommendations Of The Blue Ribbon Oyster Panel, Blue Ribbon Oyster Panel
Reports
The maps are generated to illustrate the results of the targeting effort following the protocol described above. The authors recognize this level of targeting does not preclude the need for field inspection at potential sites prior to reef construction. The atlas is comprised of a series of boxes preceded by an index locator. The scale of each box may vary. The potential restoration areas are illustrated in red. The legend reports the total acres available for restoration within the boundary of each box. At this time, the size of individual restoration sites can only be retrieved using the digital data …
Vims Researchers Anticipate High Levels Of Dermo In 2006, Ryan Carnegie, Gene Burreson, Erin Seiling
Vims Researchers Anticipate High Levels Of Dermo In 2006, Ryan Carnegie, Gene Burreson, Erin Seiling
Reports
No abstract provided.
Virginia Oyster Reef Restoration Map Atlas, Marcia Berman, Sharon Killeen, Roger L. Mann, J. A. Wesson
Virginia Oyster Reef Restoration Map Atlas, Marcia Berman, Sharon Killeen, Roger L. Mann, J. A. Wesson
Reports
The maps are generated to illustrate the results of the targeting effort following the protocol described above. The authors recognize this level of targeting does not preclude the need for field inspection at potential sites prior to reef construction. The atlas is comprised of a series of boxes preceded by an index locator. The scale of each box may vary. The potential restoration areas are illustrated in red. The legend reports the total acres available for restoration within the boundary of each box. At this time, the size of individual restoration sites can only be retrieved using the digital data …
Aquaculture Of Triploid Crassostrea Ariakensis In The Chesapeake Bay A Symposium Report, Eric Hallerman, Merrill Leffler, Sally Mills, Standish K. Allen Jr.
Aquaculture Of Triploid Crassostrea Ariakensis In The Chesapeake Bay A Symposium Report, Eric Hallerman, Merrill Leffler, Sally Mills, Standish K. Allen Jr.
Reports
A Symposium Held at the College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia October 18-19, 2001
Molecular Methods For The Dectection Of Quahog Parasite Unknown (Qpx), Lisa M. Ragone Calvo, Nancy A. Stokes, Eugene Burreson
Molecular Methods For The Dectection Of Quahog Parasite Unknown (Qpx), Lisa M. Ragone Calvo, Nancy A. Stokes, Eugene Burreson
Reports
No abstract provided.
Continuing Trophic Studies On Constructed “Restored” Oyster Reefs, Roger Mann, Juliana M. Harding
Continuing Trophic Studies On Constructed “Restored” Oyster Reefs, Roger Mann, Juliana M. Harding
Reports
No abstract provided.
Trophic Studies On Constructed “Restored” Oyster Reefs, Roger L. Mann, Juliana Harding
Trophic Studies On Constructed “Restored” Oyster Reefs, Roger L. Mann, Juliana Harding
Reports
No abstract provided.
Filtration By Oysters : Interactive Effects Of Water Flow, Seston Composition And Filtration Rate, Mark W. Luckenbach, Deborah A. Harsh, Roger L. Mann, R J. Orth, Ken Moore
Filtration By Oysters : Interactive Effects Of Water Flow, Seston Composition And Filtration Rate, Mark W. Luckenbach, Deborah A. Harsh, Roger L. Mann, R J. Orth, Ken Moore
Reports
Filtration by suspension-feeding bivalves affects water quality and the postulated impacts include increased light penetration and enhanced benthic primary production. Such system-level predictions are extrapolated fiom still water experiments which neglect the effects of flow, seston composition, turbulent mixing and refiltration by oysters within groups. Flume experiments were used to investigate the effects of varying flow speed and seston composition on filtration capacity of oysters. Six groups of 90 oysters were used in treatments which varied concentrations of the algae Ekalassiosira weisj70grgrsie parately and in combination with inorganics; four sets of shell only controls were used to evaluate hydrodynamic effects. …
A Comparative Study Of Dry Weight Measurements Of Oyster Soft Tissue, Cheol Mo, Bruce Neilson
A Comparative Study Of Dry Weight Measurements Of Oyster Soft Tissue, Cheol Mo, Bruce Neilson
Reports
Four alternative drying methods for oyster soft tissue were compared: oven drying at 105, 100 and 80°C and freeze drying. Weights were recorded every 12 hours for 5 days, and after sample treatments were switched, every 24 hours for another 3 days. The time required for all of the oysters in a treatment to reach constant weight were 36, 36, 60, and 120 hours for the 105, 100, 80°C ovens and freeze drier respectively. Within a treatment, the time for an individual oyster to reach constant weight was not related to that weight. For oven drying, drying was rapid and …
Temporal And Spatial Changes In Fecundity Of Eastern Oysters, Crassostrea Virginica (Gmelin, 1791) In The James River, Virginia, Carrollyn Cox, Roger L. Mann
Temporal And Spatial Changes In Fecundity Of Eastern Oysters, Crassostrea Virginica (Gmelin, 1791) In The James River, Virginia, Carrollyn Cox, Roger L. Mann
VIMS Articles
A~u1t Crass~strea virgi.nic~ ~Gmelin) were examined during the reproductive season of 1986 to determine temporal and spatial vanation m fecundity among md!Vldual female oysters from four reefs in the James River, Virginia. Sex ratio and oyster abu.ndance were. ~so determined to :acilitate ~s~imation of total reproductive output of oyster assemblages. Fecundity was highly vanable, both w1thm and among locations. Vanation was attributed to differences in oyster size, asynchrony and variation in time since pri~r spawning, prevalence of parasites (especially Haplosporidium nelsoni (MSX) and Perkinsus marinus) and differing salinity regimes.
Effects Of Perkinsus Marinus Infection In The Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica: I. Susceptibility Of Native And Msx-Resistant Stocks, Eugene Burreson
Effects Of Perkinsus Marinus Infection In The Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica: I. Susceptibility Of Native And Msx-Resistant Stocks, Eugene Burreson
VIMS Articles
A selective breeding program was implemented to attempt to decrease the disease susceptibility of the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, to Perkinsus marinus. Six oyster strains were spawned and the progeny exposed to Haplosporidium nelsoni (MSX) and P. marinus in the lower Chesapeake Bay. Three strains, a Delaware Bay MSX-resistant strain, a Delaware Bay native strain, and a Mobjack Bay native strain (lower Chesapeake Bay) were exposed for three years (1988-90); three other strains, a separate Delaware Bay MSX-resistant strain, a lower James River native strain (lower Chesapeake Bay) and a susceptible control strain, were exposed for two years (1989-90). …
Sterile Triploid Crassostrea Virginica (Gmelin, 1791) Grow Faster Than Diploids But Are Equally Susceptible To Perkinsus Marinus, Bruce J. Barber, Roger L. Mann
Sterile Triploid Crassostrea Virginica (Gmelin, 1791) Grow Faster Than Diploids But Are Equally Susceptible To Perkinsus Marinus, Bruce J. Barber, Roger L. Mann
VIMS Articles
Growth, tolerance of Perkinsus marinus, and gametogenesis of diploid and triploid Eastern oysters, Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin, 1791) were compared in the York River, Virginia between June 1989 and November 1990. Triploid oysters had significantly greater mean shell height (P ,a;; 0.02) and whole weight (P ,a;; 0.005) than diploid oysters throughout the study period. In November 1990, triploids had significantly greater mean dry tissue weight (P ,a;; 0.006) than diploids. On average, triploid oysters reached commercial size (63.5 mm) 5 months before diploid oysters. Diploid and triploid groups became similarly infected with P. marinus during summer 1990. Prevalences reached 96% …