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Articles 1 - 30 of 91
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Collective Prey Capture By Juvenile Venus Flytraps (Dionaea Muscipula), Steven Rosen
Collective Prey Capture By Juvenile Venus Flytraps (Dionaea Muscipula), Steven Rosen
Honors Theses
The Venus flytrap (Dionaea muscipula), first described by Charles Darwin, is a unique carnivorous plant which acquires prey using leaf blades modified into snap-traps. A recent study showed that prey capture by flytraps was not selective. With this study we examined prey capture rates further by analyzing D. muscipula traps less than 1 em in length to determine if juvenile flytraps differ from adults. Similar to the earlier findings, trap size appeared to play no role in prey capture success. This was likely due to the fact that 88% of all prey items recovered were smaller than the smallest collected …
Is The Zebrafish Zombie Mutant Caused By A Mutation In Cdc20?, Peyton Johnston
Is The Zebrafish Zombie Mutant Caused By A Mutation In Cdc20?, Peyton Johnston
Honors Theses
The zombie mutant was identified as an early arrest mutant, stopping in development around the 10-somite stage (14 hours of development). Further inspection revealed that this mutant was a cell cycle mutant and cells in the mutant arrest during metaphase as early as the 5-somite stage (11.6 hours of development). A similar phenotype is seen in the Drosophila melanogaster cell cycle gene fizzy, known to be to be a homolog of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene, cell division cycle 20 (cdc20). CDC20 is an activator protein of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), an ubiquitin E3 ligase that is …
Exploration Of The Range Overlap Between Cynomys Leucurus And Cynomys Ludovicianus, Kenneth D. Choi
Exploration Of The Range Overlap Between Cynomys Leucurus And Cynomys Ludovicianus, Kenneth D. Choi
Honors Theses
The ranges of two species of prairie dogs, Cynomys leucurus and Cynomys ludovicianus, overlap in a narrow area in the western Great Plains in Wyoming. We used GIS software to map their distributions and infer land cover preferences within and on either side of the zone of overlap. In general, both species used habitats in proportion to their availability and did not display strong selection of their expected vegetation types (based on the literature). However, both species of prairie dogs were overrepresented in areas of human settlements and crops, which may indicate that these species prefer human-modified habitats, or perhaps …
L3 Auditory Interneuron Responses To Dual-Frequency Calling Songs In Female Crickets (Acheta Domesticus), Jeong Bin Lee
L3 Auditory Interneuron Responses To Dual-Frequency Calling Songs In Female Crickets (Acheta Domesticus), Jeong Bin Lee
Honors Theses
Female crickets exhibit positive phonotaxis in response to calling songs with specific carrier frequencies (4-5 kHz), syllable periods (SP; 50-70ms), and other parameters. Among a number of ascending prothoracic auditory neurons identified, only L3 has been proposed to be involved in SP selective phonotaxis. L3 responds with selective decrement to 5 kHz stimulus with attractive SPs. Furthermore, L3 is highly tuned to 16 kHz auditory stimulus, which has been correlated with aversive phonotactic behaviors. L3’s cellular responses to simultaneous 16 kHz and 5 kHz stimuli were examined through extracellular recording, thereby further establishing the connection between L3’s selective decrement and …
A Comparison Of Gastrointestinal Bacterial Population Between Indoor Cats And Outdoor Cats, Farhana Binti Ikmal Hisham
A Comparison Of Gastrointestinal Bacterial Population Between Indoor Cats And Outdoor Cats, Farhana Binti Ikmal Hisham
Honors Theses
This study used fecal samples from four indoor cats and four indoor-outdoor cats in order to identify the microbial communities in the gut of cats. This information was then used to compare the microbial phyla between both groups for any differences. Total microbial DNA was isolated from each fecal sample, and the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced using Illumina MiSeq high throughput method. The sequences were identified using the bioinformatics program mothur. The results show that indoor cats had a more diverse microbial community as compared to outdoor cats. Indoor cat samples had 26% more microbial species, and eight more …
Does Gut Microbiota Affect The Diet Preference In Anurans?, Jordan A. Rice
Does Gut Microbiota Affect The Diet Preference In Anurans?, Jordan A. Rice
Honors Theses
Gut microbiota is a community of bacteria that live in the digestive track of a host. These microbes assist in the breakdown of indigestible materials as food passes through the alimentary canal. Metabolites from bacteria may play a role cell to cell communication with their host and thus gut microbiota may affect the diet preference of the animal host. Southern Leopard frogs (Rana sphenocephala) and Green Tree frogs (Hyla cinerea) were used as focal species to test whether gut microbiota affect their diet preference. Three groups of tadpoles were tested. The control group was fed a …
The Effect Of Dietary Salt Intake On The Subcellular Distribution Of Epithelial Na+ Channels In Vasopressin And Oxytocin Synthesizing Neurons In The Rat Hypothalamus, Richard Frank Guidry
The Effect Of Dietary Salt Intake On The Subcellular Distribution Of Epithelial Na+ Channels In Vasopressin And Oxytocin Synthesizing Neurons In The Rat Hypothalamus, Richard Frank Guidry
Honors Theses
No abstract provided.
Influence Of Benagene Supplementation In Conjunction With High Intensity Cycling Exercise, Wilson P. Simmons
Influence Of Benagene Supplementation In Conjunction With High Intensity Cycling Exercise, Wilson P. Simmons
Honors Theses
High intensity aerobic performance is determined by the body’s maximal ability to match lactate production and clearance rates, defined as the lactate threshold (LaTh). Intensities performed above the LaTh result in accumulation of lactate causing fatigue. In a double-blind experiment, using trained cyclists and triathletes, we investigated skeletal muscle adaptations that occurred following 28-days of Benagene supplementation (oxaloacetate). The testing protocol consisted of an initial cycle test (T1) to measure VO2max, LaTh, respiratory exchange ratio (RER), power output (PO) and heart rate (HR). Testing began after a 15-min warm-up at 75W, beginning at 100W, increasing 30W each 3-min …
Characterization Of Embryonic Stem Cell-Differentiated Cells As Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Rachael N. Kuehn
Characterization Of Embryonic Stem Cell-Differentiated Cells As Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Rachael N. Kuehn
Honors Theses
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs), due to their ability to differentiate into different cell types while still maintaining a high proliferation capacity, have been considered as a potential cell source in regenerative medicine. However, current ESC differentiation methods are low yielding and create heterogeneous cell populations. If transplanted in the human body, differentiated ESCs could be rejected by the immune system, form tumors, or may not function normally within the human body. On the other hand, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a type of adult stem cell typically derived from bone marrow, have proved to be excellent candidates in clinical applications due …
Anticancer Activity Of Some Boronic Acid Arylidene Heterocycles, Joy Kim
Anticancer Activity Of Some Boronic Acid Arylidene Heterocycles, Joy Kim
Honors Theses
This research was done in order to investigate the anticancer activity of boronic acid arylidene heterocycles. Boronic acid, heterocycles, and aryl compounds have all independently exhibited various anti-microbial properties and have shown potential to be used in pharmaceuticals for the treatment of viruses and cancers. Using a one-step protocol developed by Dr. Murray, several different arylheterocyclic compounds were combined with an arylboronic acid to synthesize novel compounds. These were then tested for their anti-cancer activity on glioblastoma brain cancer cells. Although varied in potency, all had some amount of anti-cellular effect on the cancer cells. This is only the start …
Agricultural Teachers’ Concerns: A Regional Perspective., Cristian A. Calixto
Agricultural Teachers’ Concerns: A Regional Perspective., Cristian A. Calixto
Honors Theses
No abstract provided.
Framing Fracking: The Environmental And Social Implications Of Hyraulic Fracturing, Lindsay Cohen
Framing Fracking: The Environmental And Social Implications Of Hyraulic Fracturing, Lindsay Cohen
Honors Theses
Hydraulic fracturing is a process currently used to obtain natural gas that is trapped in rock, which has low porosity and permeability. The natural gas obtained from this process had had positive impacts such as creating jobs and boosting our economy, but has also had some detrimental impacts on our environment, as well as people.
Kinetic Modeling Of Catalytic Aerogels, Yi Cao
Kinetic Modeling Of Catalytic Aerogels, Yi Cao
Honors Theses
As pollution becomes an increasing concern globally, strict regulations have been set on vehicle pollutant emissions. The three-way catalytic converter is capable of converting toxic emissions such as carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides to less hazardous waste such as carbon dioxide, water, and nitrogen. Current catalysts employ platinum group metals, which are expensive and environmentally damaging to mine. Catalytically-active aerogels such as Co-Al, Cu-Al and V-Al aerogels have shown promise as alternatives to these metals. The work presented here adapts and extends a global kinetic model which predicts the conversion of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide on platinum catalyst …
The Effect Of Circadian Rhythm On Cortisol And Perceived Stress Correlations, Adam Bender
The Effect Of Circadian Rhythm On Cortisol And Perceived Stress Correlations, Adam Bender
Honors Theses
Stress is a known trigger of the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis which leads to the production and secretion of the catabolic steroid cortisol by the adrenal gland. Since cortisol production is affected by stress, it follows that a high self-perception of stress would be correlated with high blood and saliva cortisol levels. Literature generally shows a gap in identifying this correlation, perhaps because of the interconnected nature of endocrine pathways. New experimental methods that control for the effects of circadian rhythm have shown limited success in demonstrating this correlation. Our purpose is to continue exploring the relationship between cortisol, perceived stress, …
Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction: Impact On The Acoustic Startle Response, Daniel Grossman
Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction: Impact On The Acoustic Startle Response, Daniel Grossman
Honors Theses
Previous research has demonstrated that the magnitude and duration of the acoustic startle response can be modulated by a number of psychological factors. Mindfulness meditation, being a form of mental training known to produce benefits in affect and attention regulation as well as other domains, may modulate factors of the acoustic startle response. The present study investigated participants’ skin conductance responses to an acoustic startle stimulus before and after an 8-week Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) course, and paired this assessment with self-reported trait mindfulness and positive and negative affect. There was significant startle habituation across the intervention, but no between …
Understanding Childhood Hunger: A Qualitative Look At The Issues Hindering Progress In The United States, Samantha Kropp
Understanding Childhood Hunger: A Qualitative Look At The Issues Hindering Progress In The United States, Samantha Kropp
Honors Theses
This thesis examines childhood hunger as roughly 1 in 5 kids live in households that struggle to put food on the table. These children experience physical problems as a result of their food instability, but this problem is connected to other personal and societal issues, such as poor education. To understand how hunger affects children, this study began with a historical analysis of the past 60 years of government supported programs and policies, such as the school breakfasts and summer lunch programs. Four interviews were conducted with different experts in the field, specifically three individuals from a prominent national non‐profit …
Lack Of Glucocorticoid Receptor Hypersensitivity-Related Polymorphisms In An Undergraduate Population, Evan Leibovitz
Lack Of Glucocorticoid Receptor Hypersensitivity-Related Polymorphisms In An Undergraduate Population, Evan Leibovitz
Honors Theses
Obesity is a currently a major problem plaguing the world as a whole. The International Obese Task Force (IOTF) estimates at least 1.1 billion adults are overweight with some 312 million of those obese, globally. 1 As of 2004, in less than twenty years, the prevalence of obesity had more than doubled in adults with childhood obesity prevalence rising even more rapidly. Obesity, however, can be classified as a disease of its own or as a symptom of another disease. Two such diseases that have obesity as a symptom are Metabolic Syndrome and Cushing ’s syndrome. Metabolic Syndrome is a …
Cycling Through Life: The Bingeing Tendencies Of Women, Danielle Macgregor
Cycling Through Life: The Bingeing Tendencies Of Women, Danielle Macgregor
Honors Theses
The social environment on many college campuses in the United States contains both positive and negative aspects that influence students. Among the various lifestyle changes experienced in college are shared residential living spaces, more frequent social events with peers, a dining meal plan replacing home cooked meals, and an increased sense of independence. These new factors may lead to bingeing behaviors. Determining the connection between binge drinking, binge eating, and binge exercising—a common cycle of behavior that may emerge at the traditional four-‐year institution—to gender expectations, social group relationships, and self-esteem helps explain the possible catalysts of these behaviors. Binge …
Automated Aquaponics Design Report, Carson Miller
Automated Aquaponics Design Report, Carson Miller
Honors Theses
Aquaponic systems offer a solution to environmentally conscious, fiscally responsible individuals who wish to produce food products without the use of pesticides, genetic modification, or non-renewable resources. Further, the proliferation of inexpensive microprocessors and high quality sensors offers an opportunity for dynamic monitoring and error correcting within the aquaponic system. These aquaponic and electronic systems will be combined in this project to create an electronically monitored aquaponic ecosystem.
Flow Cytometry And Biochemical Analysis Of Apoptotic Mouse Ht-2 T - Lymphocytes, Nell Pinkston
Flow Cytometry And Biochemical Analysis Of Apoptotic Mouse Ht-2 T - Lymphocytes, Nell Pinkston
Honors Theses
Apoptosis is a highly organized intracellular death program in multicellular animals. In the vertebrate immune system, apoptosis plays a central role in preventing the emergence of autoreactive lymphocytes. In this study, we used multiple stimuli (staurosporine, camptothecin, and cytokine deprivation - interleukin-2 or IL-2) to initiate apoptosis in IL-2 dependent, mouse HT-2 T-lymphocytes. All three inducers triggered DNA laddering and phosphatidylserine externalization. Propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry were also used to determine whether apoptotic cells accumulated in a specific stage of the cell cycle, and whether the mode of induction affected cell cycle distribution. Our findings indicate that IL-2 …
The Effects Of Canopy Structure On Photosynthesis In Sphagnum Mosses, Eric Matthew Ward
The Effects Of Canopy Structure On Photosynthesis In Sphagnum Mosses, Eric Matthew Ward
Honors Theses
In open habitats, Sphagnum grows with a dense architecture to retain water; mosses adapted to survive in shade persist in looser canopies. It is unknown if there is a physiological advantage of such rough canopies in the shade, but they may have enhanced photosynthesis at low light angles as would occur during spring or fall. It was hypothesized that the rough canopies would have enhanced rates of photosynthesis at lower angles. To test this, a photosynthesis system interfaced with a custom chamber was used to generate light response curves. Preliminary results of the study found no difference in photosynthesis with …
Sem-Edx Analysis Of Aerosol Samples, Xuanhan Zhao
Sem-Edx Analysis Of Aerosol Samples, Xuanhan Zhao
Honors Theses
One of the important environmental issues in upstate New York is the acid rain problem in the Adirondack Mountains, which is associated with atmospheric aerosols. As a part of a systematic study to understand the transport, transformation, and effects of airborne pollutants in the Adirondack Mountains, we are performing an analysis of atmospheric aerosols collected at Piseco Lake. In previous work, we used proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) [1] spectrometry to measure the concentrations of elements in aerosol samples as a function of the size of the particulate matter. The results of the PIXE analysis indicate significant concentrations of sulfur …
The Influence Of Polyamines On The Hypotonic Shock Response In The Euryhaline Teleost, Fundulus Grandis, Keith Lasko
The Influence Of Polyamines On The Hypotonic Shock Response In The Euryhaline Teleost, Fundulus Grandis, Keith Lasko
Honors Theses
No abstract provided.
Isolation And Characterization Of A Novel Extremely Halophilic Euryarchaeota From Hypersaline Cinders And Sediment, Shannon Mcduff
Isolation And Characterization Of A Novel Extremely Halophilic Euryarchaeota From Hypersaline Cinders And Sediment, Shannon Mcduff
Honors Theses
No abstract provided.
Employing Extracellular Vesicles To Overcome Immunological Barriers To Aav- Mediated Gene Transfer & Ethical And Policy Implications Of Orphan Drug Development And Accessibility, Zachary Fitzpatrick
Employing Extracellular Vesicles To Overcome Immunological Barriers To Aav- Mediated Gene Transfer & Ethical And Policy Implications Of Orphan Drug Development And Accessibility, Zachary Fitzpatrick
Honors Theses
No abstract provided.
Synthesis, Functionalization, And Characterization Of Metallic And Organic Nanoparticles For Biomedical Applications, Christopher Brian Sylvester
Synthesis, Functionalization, And Characterization Of Metallic And Organic Nanoparticles For Biomedical Applications, Christopher Brian Sylvester
Honors Theses
No abstract provided.
Studies To Elucidate The Location And Function Of Stat5a/Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex In Adipocytes, Hardy Hang
Studies To Elucidate The Location And Function Of Stat5a/Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex In Adipocytes, Hardy Hang
Honors Theses
No abstract provided.
The Acoustics Of Introduction: An Analysis Of Vocalizations From The Captive Introduction Of An Atlantic Bottlenose Dolphin, Tursiops Truncatus, Cheyenne M. Brady
The Acoustics Of Introduction: An Analysis Of Vocalizations From The Captive Introduction Of An Atlantic Bottlenose Dolphin, Tursiops Truncatus, Cheyenne M. Brady
Honors Theses
Vocalizations from dolphins were recorded using a hydrophone on several different occasions: from seven previously-housed dolphins prior to introduction of a new animal and from all eight dolphins together, both on the day of introduction and post-introduction. The vocalizations were categorized by visual inspection of spectrograms using Raven, then totaled and averaged. Total vocalizations appeared to peak during the physical introduction of a new individual to the previously-housed dolphins; however, the rates of vocalization per animal per hour showed that the post-introduction period had the most acoustic communications between individual dolphins. Whistles, chirps (a subcategory of whistles), and unmodulated burst …
The Evolution Of Body Size In The Order Siluriformes, D Cooper Campbell
The Evolution Of Body Size In The Order Siluriformes, D Cooper Campbell
Honors Theses
The evolution of body size has long been a topic of interest to biologists due to the close link between size and various aspects of an organism’s biology. Adult body size is influenced by the underlying tradeoff in energy allocation between maintenance, somatic growth and reproduction. I studied the evolution of a large group of globally distributed (primarily freshwater with some marine forms) fishes to test some basic hypotheses about the evolution of adult body size. Catfish (Siluriformes) are an excellent group for this type of research as they represent approximately 11% of fishes and species range in size from …
Species Delimitation And Phylogenetic Relationships Of The Wild Yams (Dioscorea) Native To Eastern North America, Tori A. Collins
Species Delimitation And Phylogenetic Relationships Of The Wild Yams (Dioscorea) Native To Eastern North America, Tori A. Collins
Honors Theses
Most taxonomic treatments currently recognize two to three species of native yams in eastern North America: Dioscorea villosa, D. floridana, and sometimes D. quaternata, a segregate of D. villosa. Earlier authors (e.g., J. K. Small) had recognized as many as five species (with D. hirticaulis and D. glauca also as segregates of D. villosa). Key morphological features in distinguishing these putative species are rhizome morphology (long and cord-like vs. thick and contorted), number of first leaves (1–3 vs. 4–7), and habitat (sandy, rocky, swampy). Unfortunately, these critical features are rarely collected and preserved on herbarium …