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Articles 1 - 30 of 30
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Assessing Animal Welfare At The Farm And Group Level: The Interplay Of Science And Values, D. Fraser
Assessing Animal Welfare At The Farm And Group Level: The Interplay Of Science And Values, D. Fraser
Assessment of Animal Welfare Collection
In the social debate about animal welfare we can identify three different views about how animals should be raised and how their welfare should be judged: (1) the view that animals should be raised under conditions that promote good biological functioning in the sense of health, growth and reproduction, (2) the view that animals should be raised in ways that minimise suffering and promote contentment, and (3) the view that animals should be allowed to lead relatively natural lives. When attempting to assess animal welfare, different scientists select different criteria, reflecting one or more of these value-dependent views. Even when …
Enterobius Vermicularis: Ancient Dna From North And South American Human Coprolites, Alena M. Iñiguez, Karl J. Reinhard, Adauto Araújo, Luiz F. Ferreira, Ana Carolina P. Vicente
Enterobius Vermicularis: Ancient Dna From North And South American Human Coprolites, Alena M. Iñiguez, Karl J. Reinhard, Adauto Araújo, Luiz F. Ferreira, Ana Carolina P. Vicente
School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications
A molecular paleoparasitological diagnostic approach was developed for Enterobius vermicularis. Ancient DNA was extracted from 27 coprolites from archaeological sites in Chile and USA. Enzymatic amplification of human mtDNA sequences confirmed the human origin. We designed primers specific to the E. vermicularis 5S ribosomal RNA spacer region and they allowed reproducible polymerase chain reaction identification of ancient material. We suggested that the paleoparasitological microscopic identification could accompany molecular diagnosis, which also opens the possibility of sequence analysis to understand parasite-host evolution.
Incorporating Local Knowledge Into Population And Habitat Viability Assessments: Landowners And Tree Kangaroos In Papua New Guinea, Philip J. Nyhus, J Williams, J Borovansky, O Byers, P Miller
Incorporating Local Knowledge Into Population And Habitat Viability Assessments: Landowners And Tree Kangaroos In Papua New Guinea, Philip J. Nyhus, J Williams, J Borovansky, O Byers, P Miller
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
The Science And Sociology Of Hunting: Shifting Practices And Perceptions In The United States And Great Britain, John W. Grandy, Elizabeth Stallman, David W. Macdonald
The Science And Sociology Of Hunting: Shifting Practices And Perceptions In The United States And Great Britain, John W. Grandy, Elizabeth Stallman, David W. Macdonald
State of the Animals 2003
Between the late nineteenth and early twenty-first centuries, both the rationale for and perception of hunting shifted in the United States, coinciding with demographic changes in the U.S. population (Duda 1993). Similar changes in attitude, though largely undocumented, probably occurred in the United Kingdom. (For example, foxhunting did not emerge as a substantial sport until the second half of the eighteenth century; before that, foxes were widely perceived as pests and killed whenever the opportunity arose [Marvin 2000]). Our purpose in this chapter is to compare these two countries in order to reveal some of the science and the sociology …
The Press For Help Project Concept, Program And Working Paper Of Emmanuel Mario B Santos And His Marc Guerrero Communications Inc., Emmanuel Mario B. Santos Aka Marc Guerrero
The Press For Help Project Concept, Program And Working Paper Of Emmanuel Mario B Santos And His Marc Guerrero Communications Inc., Emmanuel Mario B. Santos Aka Marc Guerrero
Emmanuel Mario B Santos aka Marc Guerrero
FORETHOUGHT. DECLARATION OF IDEAOLOGY AND PRINCIPLES. VISION. MISSION. VALUES. GOALS. BASIC HELP project. EDUCATIONAL HELP project. MEDICAL HELP project. LEGAL HELP project. EMERGENCY HELP project. LIVELIHOOD HELP project. SPIRITUAL and CULTURAL HELP project. ENVIRONMENTAL HELP project. REENGINEERING HELP project. INTERNATIONAL HELP project. QUADRO CREDO Matthew 5.1-12, the Jerusalem Bible. The Universal Filipino Beatitudes. SALIN SA FILIPINO. DESIDERATA. AFTERTHOUGHT.
Cover - Table Of Contents
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
No abstract provided.
A Framework For Reproductive Models Of Mourning Doves, David L. Otis
A Framework For Reproductive Models Of Mourning Doves, David L. Otis
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
Population models can be used to aid in development and evaluation of harvest management strategies for game species. No current models are available for the Mourning Dove (Zenaida macroura), which is considered a migratory game bird in 37 states. A predictive model for annual reproduction is a necessary component of such a model. I used a simple construct based on parameters of the Mourning Dove breeding cycle to develop probability distributions of annual per capita reproduction for each of five geographical regions in the U.S. Confidence intervals for model predictions included average estimates from published studies in all regions except …
Infant Mortality After Takeovers In Wild Ethiopian Hamadryas Baboons, Larissa Swedell, Teklu Tesfaye
Infant Mortality After Takeovers In Wild Ethiopian Hamadryas Baboons, Larissa Swedell, Teklu Tesfaye
Publications and Research
In this paper, we report the first observational evidence of infanticide in wild hamadryas baboons. The study group inhabits the lowlands of the northern Rift Valley in Ethiopia and has been under observation for over 1200 hours, on and off, since October 1996. Here we report observations from August and September 2002 of the consequences of two takeovers of known females with black infants. After the first takeover, the respective infant disappeared and was presumed dead within eleven days of the takeover. After the second takeover, the infant incurred repeated severe aggression from its mother’s new leader male and eventually …
An Assessment Of Water Quality In Ensign Hollow, Clayton And Fayette Counties, In Northeast Iowa, Rick Klann, Jaime Platts
An Assessment Of Water Quality In Ensign Hollow, Clayton And Fayette Counties, In Northeast Iowa, Rick Klann, Jaime Platts
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
Water quality and benthic invertebrates in the Ensign Hollow watershed, southwestern Clayton County and southeastern Fayette County, Iowa, were monitored from 2000 to 2001. Measurements of physical and chemical parameters of water quality, as well as analysis of benthic invertebrates, all indicated that streams of the Ensign Hollow watershed were exposed to slight organic pollution. Furthermore, the greatest threat to this watershed appeared to be sedimentation introduced through runoff.
Cathodoluminescence As A Means For Distinguishing Hydrothermal From Pre-Hydrothermal Quartz In Sulfide-Bearing Mineral Deposits On The Northern Fringe Of The Upper Mississippi Valley Zinc-Lead District, Ne Iowa And Sw Wisconsin, Paul L. Garvin
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
Sulfide-bearing mineral deposits, located on the northern fringe of the Upper Mississippi Valley Zinc-Lead District, are contained in early Ordovician carbonate rocks that are extensively silicified and dolomitized. Some silica and dolomite appear to be products of the hydrothermal processes that also formed fracture-filling and cavity-lining sulfides and other cogenetic minerals; other silica and dolomite appear to result from low-temperature, pre-hydrothermal regional diagenesis. Distinguishing hydrothermal quartz (jasperoid) from pre-hydrothermal quartz (chert) solely by hand specimen and thin section petrography is difficult because these two types of mineralization are often intimately associated with each other. Polished slabs from several of these …
Salt Tolerance Of Sunflower And Lettuce In Cultivated And Uncultivated Grass Soil, Steven H. Emerman, Emily M. Kinsinger
Salt Tolerance Of Sunflower And Lettuce In Cultivated And Uncultivated Grass Soil, Steven H. Emerman, Emily M. Kinsinger
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
We tested two hypotheses: 1) whether a vegetable crop will show greater growth under a given salinity treatment in an uncultivated grass soil than a cultivated soil and 2), if so, whether the greater growth is due to the occasional presence of relatively fresh water in macropores or the interaction between salinity and hypoxia in a soil without significant macropores. A previous study suggested uptake from. macropores was significant only for crops with high root water potential (Emerman and Dawson 1997). Hence, in this study, 21 miniature crops were grown in a greenhouse, and the ratio of root dry weight …
Recent Observations Of The Distribution And Status Of Freckled Madtom And First Record Of Spotted Gar In Iowa, Melvin C. Bowler
Recent Observations Of The Distribution And Status Of Freckled Madtom And First Record Of Spotted Gar In Iowa, Melvin C. Bowler
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
The distribution and status of Iowa's fishes were last extensively described in Iowa Fish and Fishing (Harlan et al. 1987). Since then, numerous fish collections have been made in Iowa's interior and bordering rivers and streams. In this paper, I describe recent collections of freckled mad tom (Noturus nocturnus) and spotted gar (Lepisosteus oculatus) from the Upper Mississippi. River (UMR). Six specimens of N. nocturnus were collected from Pool 13 of the UMR in 2001. Although the first documented specimens of N. nocturnus in Iowa were collected in the English River in 1984, few collections have been made throughout the …
Index For The Journal Of The Iowa Academy Of Science Volume 110 And Change Of Editor
Index For The Journal Of The Iowa Academy Of Science Volume 110 And Change Of Editor
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
No abstract provided.
Cover - Table Of Contents
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
No abstract provided.
12,000-Year Record Of Lake-Level And Vegetative Change At Mathews Pond, Piscataquis County, Maine, Usa, Andrea Masterman Nurse
12,000-Year Record Of Lake-Level And Vegetative Change At Mathews Pond, Piscataquis County, Maine, Usa, Andrea Masterman Nurse
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This study of late-glacial and Holocene changes in lake-level and vegetation at Mathews Pond contributes new information about Holocene environments in northeastern North America. The research establishes a 12,000-year record of paleohydrology for the watershed adjacent to Big Reed Forest Reserve, the largest stand of old-growth forest in the northeastern United States. Mathews Pond is a 7.4 ha, closed-basin, groundwaterseepage lake located in an upland, forested region of the Aroostook River drainage system. Glacial meltwater briefly filled the basin - 13.0 ka (1 ka = 1000 I4C yr BP)). The lake existed as a shallow pool in the deep area …
Checklist Of Instructions For Authors
Checklist Of Instructions For Authors
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
No abstract provided.
Submersed Aquatic Vegetation Trends In Impounded And Backwater Habitat Types Of Pool 13, Upper Mississippi River System: 1994-2000, Theresa A. Blackburn, Daniel J. Kirby
Submersed Aquatic Vegetation Trends In Impounded And Backwater Habitat Types Of Pool 13, Upper Mississippi River System: 1994-2000, Theresa A. Blackburn, Daniel J. Kirby
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
Submersed aquatic vegetation (SAV) was sampled from 1994-2000 at fixed sires along established transects in Pool 13 of the Upper Mississippi River System (UMRS), as part of the Long Term Resource Monitoring Program (LTRMP). These data were used to quantify the annual percent frequency of occurrence and mean relative density of SAV within three backwaters (Brown's Lake, Savanna Bay, and Spring Lake) and the impounded area of Pool 13. This investigation used Spearman rank correlation to assess the strength of bivariate relationships between measurements of SAV abundance and biological, physical, and hydrological variables at fixed water quality monitoring sites within …
Restoration And Monitoring Of The River Otter Population In Iowa, J. A. Pitt, W. R. Clark, R. D. Andrews, K. P. Schlarbaum, D. D. Hoffman, S. W. Pitt
Restoration And Monitoring Of The River Otter Population In Iowa, J. A. Pitt, W. R. Clark, R. D. Andrews, K. P. Schlarbaum, D. D. Hoffman, S. W. Pitt
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
Northern river otters (Lontra canadensis) were widespread in North America at the time of European settlement. However, river otters were extirpated from most of Iowa in the early 1900s due to habitat degradation and unregulated harvest. In 1985, the Iowa Department of Natural Resources began an effort to restore the river otter population throughout the state, including a pilot study of survival to determine if establishment was feasible. Annual survival was estimated to be 86% during the pilot study. River otters dispersed an average of about 11 km from the point of release and exhibited habitat use typical for the …
Occurrence Of Ovotestes And Plasma Vitellogenin In Feral Male Fathead Minnows From Lagoons Of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Facilities In Central Iowa, Robert B. Bringolf, Robert C. Summerfelt
Occurrence Of Ovotestes And Plasma Vitellogenin In Feral Male Fathead Minnows From Lagoons Of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Facilities In Central Iowa, Robert B. Bringolf, Robert C. Summerfelt
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
Since the early 1990s, endocrine disrupting compounds have been recognized as an important environmental threat. Male fish exposed to effluent from large, metropolitan municipal wastewater treatment facilities (WWTFs) have developed reproductive abnormalities including ovotestes and elevated levels of plasma vitellogenin (Vtg), a plasma protein typically produced by egg-laying females. In the summer of 2000, gonads and plasma Vtg concentrations were examined in feral male fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) collected from lagoons of 11 small, rural municipal WWTFs and a reference site (a national wildlife refuge) in Iowa. Fathead minnows were captured in traps from five of the 33 lagoons (three …
Editorial Board & Iowa Academy Of Science Officers And Directors
Editorial Board & Iowa Academy Of Science Officers And Directors
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
No abstract provided.
A Key To The Eggs And Nests Of Iowa Turtles, James L. Christiansen, Jeffrey R. Parmelee
A Key To The Eggs And Nests Of Iowa Turtles, James L. Christiansen, Jeffrey R. Parmelee
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
Biologists often need to identify destroyed turtle nests where a predator has excavated and eaten the eggs. We present a dichotomous key to the eggs and nests of Iowa's turtles based on egg or nest morphology and known range of the species. Egg and nest morphology clearly separated most nests of the families Chelydridae and Kinosternidae and many of the Emydidae. However, egg morphology must be combined with known range to distinguish wood turtles (Glyptemys insculpta) from other emydids. These factors will also separate most false map turtles (Graptemys pseudogeographica) from other species. Similarities among egg morphologies, nest morphologies, and …
The Influence Of Soil Water Content, Calcite Content, And Temperature On Bulk Electrical Conductivity, Eric C. Brevik, Jaehoon Lee, Thomas E. Fenton, Robert Horton
The Influence Of Soil Water Content, Calcite Content, And Temperature On Bulk Electrical Conductivity, Eric C. Brevik, Jaehoon Lee, Thomas E. Fenton, Robert Horton
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
Electrical conductivity (EC) as measured by the Geonics® EM-38 has shown promise as a soil survey tool. EC is determined by a combination of soluble salts, clay content and mineralogy, water content, and temperature. While investigating use of the EM-38 for soil survey purposes, it is important to understand the relative contribution of each of these variables on EC. A laboratory experiment was set up to determine the relative influence of water content, temperature, and calcite content on EC using time-domain reflectometry (TDR) probes. TDR was used as a proxy for the EM-38 because of the large volume of soil …
Awards And Recognition, Iowa Academy Of Science, 2003
Awards And Recognition, Iowa Academy Of Science, 2003
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
No abstract provided.
Editorial Board & Iowa Academy Of Science Officers And Directors
Editorial Board & Iowa Academy Of Science Officers And Directors
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
No abstract provided.
From Behavior To Culture: An Assessment Of Cultural Evolution And A New Synthesis, Dwight W. Read
From Behavior To Culture: An Assessment Of Cultural Evolution And A New Synthesis, Dwight W. Read
Dwight W Read
Three approaches to cultural evolution—sociobiology, dual inheritance, and memes—are reviewed and it is shown that each makes use of an incomplete notion of what constitutes culture.
Incorporating Local Knowledge Into Population And Habitat Viability Assessments: Landowners And Tree Kangaroos In Papua New Guinea, Philip J. Nyhus, J Williams, J Borovansky, O Byers, P Miller
Incorporating Local Knowledge Into Population And Habitat Viability Assessments: Landowners And Tree Kangaroos In Papua New Guinea, Philip J. Nyhus, J Williams, J Borovansky, O Byers, P Miller
Philip J. Nyhus
No abstract provided.