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2000

Microbiology

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Articles 31 - 60 of 73

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Breast Diseases In Males--A Morphological Review Of 150 Cases, M S. Gill, N Kayani, M N. Khan, S H. Hasan Jun 2000

Breast Diseases In Males--A Morphological Review Of 150 Cases, M S. Gill, N Kayani, M N. Khan, S H. Hasan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Objective:
This study was carried out to observe the prevalence breast diseases of males in our setup.
Method: All cases of male breast disease diagnosed from 1991-97.
Results: One hundred and fifty (150) cases of male breast diseases were diagnosed. Age of the patients ranged from 4 to 90 years, with mean age 38.75 years (median = 33 years). Gynecomastia was the most common pathological abnormality of the male breast (58.66%). Most of the patients presented in the 3rd decade of life. Amongst the malignant conditions, infiltrating ductal carcinoma was most prevalent (82%). Most of the patients with malignancy presented …

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Association Of Epstein Barr Virus (Ebv) With Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (Npc), S H. Shah, I N. Soomro, S Haroon, T Moatter Jun 2000

Association Of Epstein Barr Virus (Ebv) With Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (Npc), S H. Shah, I N. Soomro, S Haroon, T Moatter

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Aim:
To observe the frequency of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and its association with Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) infection.
Setting:
This study included consecutive cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, which were diagnosed in the Department of Pathology at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi in the period of two years (1996-97).
Methods:
These tumors were initially evaluated on H&E stained sections. The tumors showing evidence of keratinization were excluded from the study. The Epstein Barr Virus was detected with the help of Polymerase chain reaction in formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue sections.
Results:
During the study period, seventeen cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma …

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Identification And Characterization Of Aer, An Energy Sensor In Escherichia Coli, Anuradha Rebbapragada Jun 2000

Identification And Characterization Of Aer, An Energy Sensor In Escherichia Coli, Anuradha Rebbapragada

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

This study investigated the mechanism of signal transduction by Aer, the aerotaxis transducer in E.coli. A computerized search of GenBank revealed an open reading frame at 69.1 min on the E.co//chromosome that had a C-terminal fragment with 96.7% identity to the highly conserved domain of Tsr. The open reading frame was renamed aer for aerotaxis and energy responses. When the aer gene was inactivated, approximately 50% of aerotaxis responses were eliminated. When both aer and fsr were inactivated, aerotaxis, redox taxis and glycerol taxis were completely abolished. Expressing Aer in aer fsr cells restored aerotaxis responses and the duration …

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Function And Properties Of Groe Chaperonins In Bacterial And Mammalian Cells, Gregory M. Nelson Jun 2000

Function And Properties Of Groe Chaperonins In Bacterial And Mammalian Cells, Gregory M. Nelson

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Molecular chaperones play an integral role in the folding of most polypeptides in vivo, and protect proteins against aggregation when a cell is under stress. The GroESL proteins of Escherichia coli are the best characterized of the ringed chaperones, or chaperonins. Chaperonins of the eukaryotic cytoplasm interact with a limited number of polypeptides, whereas GroEL is promiscuous as it binds and mediates the folding of many polypeptides. This feature makes GroEL an attractive protein for investigating various aspects of protein folding in eukaryotic cells because its substrate interaction is diverse. In this work we have expressed the groES and …

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Binding Of Equine Infectious Anemia Virus Rev To An Exon Splicing Enhancer Mediates Alternative Splicing And Nuclear Export Of Viral Mrnas, Michael Belshan, Gregory S. Park, Patricia Bilodeau, C. Martin Stoltzfus, Susan Carpenter May 2000

Binding Of Equine Infectious Anemia Virus Rev To An Exon Splicing Enhancer Mediates Alternative Splicing And Nuclear Export Of Viral Mrnas, Michael Belshan, Gregory S. Park, Patricia Bilodeau, C. Martin Stoltzfus, Susan Carpenter

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

In addition to facilitating the nuclear export of incompletely spliced viral mRNAs, equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) Rev regulates alternative splicing of the third exon of the tat/rev mRNA. In the presence of Rev, this exon of the bicistronic RNA is skipped in a fraction of the spliced mRNAs. In this report, the cis-acting requirements for exon 3 usage were correlated with sequences necessary for Rev binding and transport of incompletely spliced RNA. The presence of a purine-rich exon splicing enhancer (ESE) was required for exon 3 recognition, and the addition of Rev inhibited exon 3 splicing. Glutathione-S-transferase (GST)-Rev bound …

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Lack Of Production Of Electron-Shuttling Compounds Or Solubilization Of Fe(Iii) During Reduction Of Insoluble Fe(Iii) Oxide Of Geobacter Metallireducens, Derek Lovley, Kelly P. Nevin May 2000

Lack Of Production Of Electron-Shuttling Compounds Or Solubilization Of Fe(Iii) During Reduction Of Insoluble Fe(Iii) Oxide Of Geobacter Metallireducens, Derek Lovley, Kelly P. Nevin

Kelly Nevin

Studies with the dissimilatory Fe(III)-reducing microorganism Geobacter metallireducens demonstrated that the common technique of separating Fe(III)-reducing microorganisms and Fe(III) oxides with semipermeable membranes in order to determine whether the Fe(III) reducers release electron-shuttling compounds and/or Fe(III) chelators is invalid. This raised doubts about the mechanisms for Fe(III) oxide reduction by this organism. However, several experimental approaches indicated that G. metallireducens does not release electron-shuttling compounds and does not significantly solubilize Fe(III) during Fe(III) oxide reduction. These results suggest that G. metallireducens directly reduces insoluble Fe(III) oxide.

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The Promoter Of The Yeast Ino4 Regulatory Gene:A Model Of The Simplest Yeast Promoter, John Lopes, Kelly A. Robinson May 2000

The Promoter Of The Yeast Ino4 Regulatory Gene:A Model Of The Simplest Yeast Promoter, John Lopes, Kelly A. Robinson

John Lopes

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the phospholipid biosynthetic genes are transcriptionally regulated in response to inositol and choline. This regulation requires the transcriptional activator proteins Ino4p and Ino2p, which form a heterodimer that binds to the UASINO element. We have previously shown that the promoters of the INO4 and INO2 genes are among the weakest promoters characterized in yeast. Because little is known about the promoters of weakly expressed yeast genes, we report here the analysis of the constitutive INO4 promoter. Promoter deletion constructs scanning 1,000 bp upstream of theINO4 gene identified a small region (−58 to −46) that is absolutely required …

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Unusual Polymorphisms In Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Associated With Nonprogressive Infection, Louis Alexander, Emma Weiskopf, Thomas C. Greenough, Nathan C. Gaddis, Marcy C. Auerbach, Michael H. Malim, Stephen J. O'Brien, Bruce D. Walker, John L. Sullivan, Ronald C. Desrosiers May 2000

Unusual Polymorphisms In Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Associated With Nonprogressive Infection, Louis Alexander, Emma Weiskopf, Thomas C. Greenough, Nathan C. Gaddis, Marcy C. Auerbach, Michael H. Malim, Stephen J. O'Brien, Bruce D. Walker, John L. Sullivan, Ronald C. Desrosiers

Biology Faculty Articles

Factors accounting for long-term nonprogression may include infection with an attenuated strain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), genetic polymorphisms in the host, and virus-specific immune responses. In this study, we examined eight individuals with nonprogressing or slowly progressing HIV-1 infection, none of whom were homozygous for host-specific polymorphisms (CCR5-Δ32, CCR2-64I, and SDF-1-3'A) which have been associated with slower disease progression. HIV-1 was recovered from seven of the eight, and recovered virus was used for sequencing the full-length HIV-1 genome; full-length HIV-1 genome sequences from the eighth were determined following amplification of viral …

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Molecular Evolution Of Insecticidal Spore-Forming Bacteria, John Pool Apr 2000

Molecular Evolution Of Insecticidal Spore-Forming Bacteria, John Pool

Honors Theses

Molecular methods are increasingly being used to determine the phylogeny of microorganisms. This research was intended to determine phylogenetic relationships for bacteria of the species Bacillus thuringiensis and other members of the Bacillus cereus group. Each strain was analyzed by its sasp-B gene sequence to determine its species classification and relation to other strains studied. Results of this study indicated that according to the sasp-B gene tree, the species Bacillus thuringiensis is a paraphyletic with respect to both Bacillus cereus and Bacillus anthracis. Some unexpected results and implications for species designations are also discussed.

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Juvenile Hormone Titer And Morph-Specific Reproduction In The Wing-Polymorphic Cricket, Gryllus Firmus, Gretchen Cisper, Anthony J. Zera, David W. Borst Apr 2000

Juvenile Hormone Titer And Morph-Specific Reproduction In The Wing-Polymorphic Cricket, Gryllus Firmus, Gretchen Cisper, Anthony J. Zera, David W. Borst

Anthony Zera Publications

Juvenile hormone titers and reproductive characteristics were measured in adult wing and flight-muscle morphs of the wing-polymorphic cricket, Gryllus firmus, during the first week of adulthood. This species has three morphs: one flight capable morph with fully-developed wings and fully-developed flight muscles [LW(F)], one flightless morph with fully-developed wings and histolyzed (non-functional) flight muscles [LW(H)], and another flightless morph with underdeveloped (short) wings and underdeveloped flight muscles (SW). Both flightless morphs [LW(H) and SW] had larger ovaries which contained a greater number of postvitellogenic eggs compared with the flight capable [LW(F)] morph. The juvenile hormone titer was significantly higher …

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Morphological Pattern Of Testicular Tumors, M S. Gill, S H. Shah, I N. Soomro, Naila Kayani, Sheema H. Hasan Apr 2000

Morphological Pattern Of Testicular Tumors, M S. Gill, S H. Shah, I N. Soomro, Naila Kayani, Sheema H. Hasan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Objective:
To find out the mode of presentation, age distribution and the prevalence of various histological subtypes of testicular tumors.
Method:
All consecutive cases of testicular tumors diagnosed in the department of pathology, the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, during the period of eight years (1991-98) were included in this study. Relevant clinical details such as age, clinical presentation and side of involvement of the testis were also recorded, where available.
Results:
During the span of eight years (1991-98), 170 cases of testicular tumors were diagnosed at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi. Most of the tumors were diagnosed in …

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Kinetic Characterization Of Tetracycline Binding And Release By Demineralized Bone - Dfdba, Orner Kabil Apr 2000

Kinetic Characterization Of Tetracycline Binding And Release By Demineralized Bone - Dfdba, Orner Kabil

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

The microbial etiology of periodontal diseases has led to widespread research in the development of methods and local delivery systems to increase the efficacy of antibiotic therapy. Several drug delivery systems employing biodegradable and nonbiodegradable carriers have been shown to release antibiotics directly into periodontal pockets. The purpose of this study was to determine the binding and release kinetics of tetracycline by demineralized bone. Further aspects of the study include in vitro evaluation of DFDBA (demineralized freeze-dried bone allografts) as a tetracycline carrier system for periodontal therapy. Experiments were performed which employed different tetracycline concentrations with constant amounts of bone …

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Molecular Taxonomy Of The Lichen Genus Heterodermia, Linda Hirschberger Apr 2000

Molecular Taxonomy Of The Lichen Genus Heterodermia, Linda Hirschberger

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

Heterodermia is lichen consisting of a fungus and algae. Morphology and chemistry cannot provide definitive evidence for the identity of Heterodermia because various species have very similar morphologies that cannot always be distinguished. Other species only differ by the presence or absence of secondary chemicals detected. by specific chemical tests, which makes distinguishing between two species difficult. The objective of this project is to use Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLPs) to determine how closely related each Heterodermia species is to one another. RFLPs will also be used to determine how closely related a species is to its equal in another …

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Differential Activation Of The Tcpph Promoter By Aphb Determines Biotype Specificity Of Virulence Gene Expression In Vibrio Cholerae, Gabriela Kovacikova, Karen Skorupski Mar 2000

Differential Activation Of The Tcpph Promoter By Aphb Determines Biotype Specificity Of Virulence Gene Expression In Vibrio Cholerae, Gabriela Kovacikova, Karen Skorupski

Dartmouth Scholarship

Vibrio cholerae strains of the classical biotype express the genes encoding cholera toxin (CT) and toxin- coregulated pilus (TCP) under a variety of environmental conditions in vitro, whereas El Tor biotype strains express these genes only under specialized culture conditions. We show here that a single base-pair difference at positions 2 65 and 2 66 of the classical and El Tor tcpPH promoters, respectively, is responsible for the differential regulation of virulence gene expression in these two disease-causing biotypes. Analysis of tcpP-lacZ fusions in both V. cholerae and Escherichia coli indicated that transcriptional activation of the El Tor tcpPH promoter …

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Lack Of Production Of Electron-Shuttling Compounds Or Solubilization Of Fe(Iii) During Reduction Of Insoluble Fe(Iii) Oxide Of Geobacter Metallireducens, Kelly P. Nevin, Derek Lovley Mar 2000

Lack Of Production Of Electron-Shuttling Compounds Or Solubilization Of Fe(Iii) During Reduction Of Insoluble Fe(Iii) Oxide Of Geobacter Metallireducens, Kelly P. Nevin, Derek Lovley

Derek Lovley

Studies with the dissimilatory Fe(III)-reducing microorganismGeobacter metallireducens demonstrated that the common technique of separating Fe(III)-reducing microorganisms and Fe(III) oxides with semipermeable membranes in order to determine whether the Fe(III) reducers release electron-shuttling compounds and/or Fe(III) chelators is invalid. This raised doubts about the mechanisms for Fe(III) oxide reduction by this organism. However, several experimental approaches indicated that G. metallireducens does not release electron-shuttling compounds and does not significantly solubilize Fe(III) during Fe(III) oxide reduction. These results suggest that G. metallireducens directly reduces insoluble Fe(III) oxide.

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'Candidatus Xenohaliotis Californiensis', A Newly Described Pathogen Of Abalone, Haliotis Spp., Along The West Coast Of North America, Cs Friedman, Kb Andree, Ka Beauchamp, Jd Moore, Tt Robbins, Jeffrey D. Shields, Rp Hendricks Mar 2000

'Candidatus Xenohaliotis Californiensis', A Newly Described Pathogen Of Abalone, Haliotis Spp., Along The West Coast Of North America, Cs Friedman, Kb Andree, Ka Beauchamp, Jd Moore, Tt Robbins, Jeffrey D. Shields, Rp Hendricks

VIMS Articles

Withering syndrome is a fatal disease of wild and cultured abalone. Haliotis spp., that inhabit the west coast of North America. The aetiological agent of withering syndrome has recently been identified as a member of the family Rickettsiaceae in the order Rickettsiales. Using a combination of morphological, serological, life history and genomic (16S rDNA) characterization. we have identified this bacterium as a unique taxon and propose the provisional status of 'Candidatus Xenohaliotis californiensis', The Gram-negative. obligate intracellular pleomorphic bacterium is found within membrane-bound vacuoles in the cytoplasm of abalone gastrointestinal epithelial cells. The bacterium is not cultivable on synthetic media …

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Jembrana Disease Virus Tat Can Regulate Human Immunodeficiency Virus (Hiv) Long Terminal Repeat-Directed Gene Expression And Can Substitute For Hiv Tat In Viral Replication, Hexin Chen, Jun He, Steven Fong, Graham Wilcox, Charles Wood Mar 2000

Jembrana Disease Virus Tat Can Regulate Human Immunodeficiency Virus (Hiv) Long Terminal Repeat-Directed Gene Expression And Can Substitute For Hiv Tat In Viral Replication, Hexin Chen, Jun He, Steven Fong, Graham Wilcox, Charles Wood

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Jembrana disease virus (JDV) is a bovine lentivirus genetically similar to bovine immunodeficiency virus; it causes an acute and sometimes fatal disease in infected animals. This virus carries a very potent Tat that can strongly activate not only its own long terminal repeat (LTR) but also the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) LTR. In contrast, HIV Tat cannot reciprocally activate the JDV LTR (H. Chen, G. E. Wilcox, G. Kertayadnya, and C. Wood, J. Virol. 73:658–666, 1999). This indicates that in transactivation JDV Tat may utilize a mechanism similar to but not the same as that of the HIV Tat. To …

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Intracellular Traits Of Chimeric Trnalys3-Ribozymes And Their Inhibition Of Hiv, Zongli Chang Mar 2000

Intracellular Traits Of Chimeric Trnalys3-Ribozymes And Their Inhibition Of Hiv, Zongli Chang

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Host tRNALYs3is the primer recruited by HIV-1 for initiating reverse transcription. When ribozymes targeted upstream of the primer binding site of the HIV-1 genome are tethered to the 3' end of the tRNALYs3, it is expected that the tRNA will carry the ribozymes into the virions. We made constructs that express chimeric tRNALYs3- ribozymes from internal tRNA promoters. These chimeras were also adjoined downstream of a U6 promoter, resulting in a hybrid U6/tRNA expression cassette with extragenic U6 and intragenic tRNA promoters. Juxtaposition of the tRNA and U6 promoters significantly enhanced expression levels compared to the tRNA promoter alone. A …

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Interferon Regulatory Factor 7 Is Induced By Epstein-Barr Virus Latent Membrane Protein 1, Luwen Zhang, Joseph S. Pagono Feb 2000

Interferon Regulatory Factor 7 Is Induced By Epstein-Barr Virus Latent Membrane Protein 1, Luwen Zhang, Joseph S. Pagono

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Infection by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) generates several types of latency with different profiles of gene expression but with expression of Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA-1) in common. The BamHI Q promoter (Qp) is used for the transcription of EBNA-1 mRNA in type I latency, which is an EBV infection state exemplified by Burkitt’s lymphoma (BL). However, Qp is inactive in type III latency, and other promoters (C/Wp) are used for transcription of EBNA-1, which raises the question of how usage of these promoters is governed. Interferon (IFN) regulatory factor 7 (IRF-7) was identified first as a negative regulator of …

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Cap-Independent Translational Enhancement Of Turnip Crinkle Virus Genomic And Subgenomic Rnas, Feng Qu, Thomas Jack Morris Feb 2000

Cap-Independent Translational Enhancement Of Turnip Crinkle Virus Genomic And Subgenomic Rnas, Feng Qu, Thomas Jack Morris

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

The presence of translational control elements and cap structures has not been carefully investigated for members of the Carmovirus genus, a group of small icosahedral plant viruses with positive-sense RNA genomes. In this study, we examined both the 5’ and 3’ untranslated regions (UTRs) of the turnip crinkle carmovirus (TCV) genomic RNA (4 kb) as well as the 5’ UTR of the coat protein subgenomic RNA (1.45 kb) for their roles in translational regulation. All three UTRs enhanced translation of the firefly luciferase reporter gene to different extents. Optimal translational efficiency was achieved when mRNAs contained both 5’ and 3’ …

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Limitation Of Bacterial Growth By Dissolved Organic Matter And Iron In The Southern Ocean, Mj Church, Da Hutchins, Hw Ducklow Feb 2000

Limitation Of Bacterial Growth By Dissolved Organic Matter And Iron In The Southern Ocean, Mj Church, Da Hutchins, Hw Ducklow

VIMS Articles

The importance of resource limitation in controlling bacterial growth in the high-nutrient, low-chlorophyll (HNLC) region of the Southern Ocean was experimentally determined during February and March 1998. Organic- and inorganic-nutrient enrichment experiments were performed between 42 degrees S and 55 degrees S along 141 degrees E. Bacterial abundance, mean cell volume, and [H-3]thymidine and [H-3]leucine incorporation were measured during 4- to 5-day incubations. Bacterial biomass, production, and rates of growth all responded to organic enrichments in three of the four experiments. These results indicate that bacterial growth was constrained primarily by the availability of dissolved organic matter. Bacterial growth in …

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Integronlike Structures In Campylobacter Spp. Of Human And Animal Origin, Brigid Lucey, D. Crowley, P. Moloney, B. Cryan, M. Daly, F. O'Halloran, E. J. Threlfall, S. Fanning Feb 2000

Integronlike Structures In Campylobacter Spp. Of Human And Animal Origin, Brigid Lucey, D. Crowley, P. Moloney, B. Cryan, M. Daly, F. O'Halloran, E. J. Threlfall, S. Fanning

Department of Biological Sciences Publications

Resistance to antimicrobial agents used to treat severe Campylobacter spp. gastroenteritis is increasing worldwide. We assessed the antimicrobial resistance patterns of Campylobacter spp. isolates of human and animal origin. More than half (n = 32) were resistant to sulphonamide, a feature known to be associated with the presence of integrons. Analysis of these integrons will further our understanding of Campylobacter spp. epidemiology.

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The Promoter Of The Yeast Ino4 Regulatory Gene:A Model Of The Simplest Yeast Promoter, John Lopes, Kelly Robinson Jan 2000

The Promoter Of The Yeast Ino4 Regulatory Gene:A Model Of The Simplest Yeast Promoter, John Lopes, Kelly Robinson

Microbiology Department Faculty Publication Series

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the phospholipid biosynthetic genes are transcriptionally regulated in response to inositol and choline. This regulation requires the transcriptional activator proteins Ino4p and Ino2p, which form a heterodimer that binds to the UASINO element. We have previously shown that the promoters of the INO4 and INO2 genes are among the weakest promoters characterized in yeast. Because little is known about the promoters of weakly expressed yeast genes, we report here the analysis of the constitutive INO4 promoter. Promoter deletion constructs scanning 1,000 bp upstream of theINO4 gene identified a small region (−58 to −46) that is absolutely required …

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Role Of Esterase Gp70 And Its Influence On Growth And Development Of Dictyostelium Discoideum, Aidong Yuan, Catherine P. Chia Jan 2000

Role Of Esterase Gp70 And Its Influence On Growth And Development Of Dictyostelium Discoideum, Aidong Yuan, Catherine P. Chia

Papers in Microbiology

Gp70 is an esterase originally called crystal protein because of its presence in crystalline structures in aggregation-competent Dictyostelium discoideum cells. Although postulated to break down spore coats, the function of gp70 in vivo was incompletely investigated. Our immunolocalization and biochemical studies of vegetative D. discoideum amoebae show that gp70 was recruited to phagosomes and found in lysosomes. Purified gp70 was effective at hydrolyzing naphthyl substrates with acyl chains typical of lipids and lipopolysaccharides, indicating that the gp70 was involved in digesting endocytosed molecules. The activity of purified gp70 was inhibited by reductants that retarded its electrophoretic mobility and verified the …

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Identification Of The Transactivation Domain Of The Transcription Factor Sox-2 And An Associated Co-Activator, Tamara K. Nowling, Lance R. Johnson, Matthew S. Wiebe, Angie Rizzino Jan 2000

Identification Of The Transactivation Domain Of The Transcription Factor Sox-2 And An Associated Co-Activator, Tamara K. Nowling, Lance R. Johnson, Matthew S. Wiebe, Angie Rizzino

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

The importance of interactions between Sox and POU transcription factors in the regulation of gene expression is becoming increasingly apparent. Recently, many examples of the involvement of Sox-POU partnerships in transcription have been discovered, including a partnership between Sox-2 and Oct-3. Little is known about the mechanisms by which these factors modulate transcription. To better understand the molecular interactions involved, we mapped the location of the transactivation do-main of Sox-2. This was done in the context of its interaction with Oct-3, as well as its ability to transactivate as a fusion protein linked to the DNA-binding domain of Gal4. Both …

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Cyanonews (Vol. 15, No. 1, July 2000), Jeff Elhai Jan 2000

Cyanonews (Vol. 15, No. 1, July 2000), Jeff Elhai

CyanoNews

CyanoNews was a newsletter that served the cyanobacteriological community from 1985 to 2003, with content provided by readers (sort of a blog before there were blogs). The newsletter reported new findings from the lab, summaries of recent meetings (often provided by graduate students and post-docs entering the field), positions sought or available, life transitions, a compendium of recent cyanobacteria-related articles, and other items of interest to those who study cyanobacteria.

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Protein-Coding Genes As Molecular Markers For Ecologically Distinct Populations: The Case Of Two Bacillus Species, T. Palys, E. Berger, I. Mitrica, L. Nakamura, Frederick Cohan Jan 2000

Protein-Coding Genes As Molecular Markers For Ecologically Distinct Populations: The Case Of Two Bacillus Species, T. Palys, E. Berger, I. Mitrica, L. Nakamura, Frederick Cohan

Frederick M. Cohan

No abstract provided.

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The Global Carbon Metabolism Regulator Crc Is A Component Of A Signal Transduction Pathway Required For Biofilm Development By Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, George A. O'Toole, Karine A. Gibbs, Paul W. Hager, Paul V. Phibbs, Roberto Kolter Jan 2000

The Global Carbon Metabolism Regulator Crc Is A Component Of A Signal Transduction Pathway Required For Biofilm Development By Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, George A. O'Toole, Karine A. Gibbs, Paul W. Hager, Paul V. Phibbs, Roberto Kolter

Dartmouth Scholarship

The transition from a planktonic (free-swimming) existence to growth attached to a surface in a biofilm occurs in response to environmental factors, including the availability of nutrients. We show that the catabolite repression control (Crc) protein, which plays a role in the regulation of carbon metabolism, is necessary for biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Using phase-contrast microscopy, we found that a crc mutant only makes a dispersed monolayer of cells on a plastic surface but does not develop the dense monolayer punctuated by microcolonies typical of the wild-type strain. This is a phenotype identical to that observed in mutants …

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Activation Of P38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase And C-Jun Nh2-Terminal Kinase By Double-Stranded Rna And Encephalomyocarditis Virus: Involvement Of Rnase L, Protein Kinase R, And Alternative Pathways, Mihail S. Iordanov, Jayashree M. Paranjape, Aimin Zhou, John Wong, Bryan R. G. Williams, Eliane F. Meurs, Robert H. Silverman, Bruce E. Magun Jan 2000

Activation Of P38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase And C-Jun Nh2-Terminal Kinase By Double-Stranded Rna And Encephalomyocarditis Virus: Involvement Of Rnase L, Protein Kinase R, And Alternative Pathways, Mihail S. Iordanov, Jayashree M. Paranjape, Aimin Zhou, John Wong, Bryan R. G. Williams, Eliane F. Meurs, Robert H. Silverman, Bruce E. Magun

CUP Faculty Research

Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) accumulates in virus-infected mammalian cells and signals the activation of host defense pathways of the interferon system. We describe here a novel form of dsRNA-triggered signaling that leads to the stimulation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) and the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) and of their respective activators MKK3/6 and SEK1/MKK4. The dsRNA-dependent signaling to p38 MAPK was largely intact in cells lacking both RNase L and the dsRNA-activated protein kinase (PKR), i.e., the two best-characterized mediators of dsRNA-triggered antiviral responses. In contrast, activation of both MKK4 and JNK by dsRNA was greatly …

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Review Of Searching For Hawa's Secret, John Stephen Brantley Jan 2000

Review Of Searching For Hawa's Secret, John Stephen Brantley

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

No abstract provided.

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