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Articles 31 - 60 of 165
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Development Of Vegetation In Wetlands Restored On Ozaukee County Conservation Reserve Program Lands, James A. Reinartz, Elizabeth L. Warne
Development Of Vegetation In Wetlands Restored On Ozaukee County Conservation Reserve Program Lands, James A. Reinartz, Elizabeth L. Warne
Field Station Bulletins
We studied the natural revegetation of six wetlands created in 1988 and six wetlands created in 1989 in Ozaukee County, Wisconsin. By describing the flora and vegetation of these two sets of wetlands we could compare the development of plant communities in one- and two-year old wetlands. Of the 119 species found in the 12 wetlands, 64% were native, 62% were wetland plants, and 65% were perennials. More species were found in two-year old than in one-year old wetlands. There was also a strong correlation between wetland size and the number of species present during the first year after construction. …
Vascular Plants Of The Uwm Field Station Area, James A. Reinartz
Vascular Plants Of The Uwm Field Station Area, James A. Reinartz
Field Station Bulletins
Since 1967, Field Station staff and volunteers have been assembling a vascular plant species list and herbarium for the Field Station. For the purpose of this list the Field Station area is defined as a 15.5 km2 (6 mi2) area that includes all of the Cedarburg Bog, the Sapa Spruce Bog and the uplands surrounding the Field Station and uplands immediately peripheral to the Bog. The vascular plant species list includes 681 taxa (species, varieties, forms, and named hybrids) in 97 families. 455 of these taxa, collected from the area, are contained in the Field Station herbarium. The list is …
A Survey Of The Flora And Vegetion Of The Mayville Ledge Beech-Maple Woods State Natural Area, Lawrence A. Leitner
A Survey Of The Flora And Vegetion Of The Mayville Ledge Beech-Maple Woods State Natural Area, Lawrence A. Leitner
Field Station Bulletins
At least 132 vascular plant species were present in two relatively undisturbed woods in the Mayville Ledge Natural Area. The Plateau Woods was dominated by ironwood (Ostrya virginiana), American beech (Fagus grandifolia), and sugar maple (Acer saccharum), with a Continuum Index of 2535. Red oak (Quercus rubra), basswood (Tilia americana), and sugar maple were the most important trees of the Slope Woods, where the Continuum Index reached 2253. Sugar maple dominated the sapling and seedling layers of both stands. American beech was completely absent from the Slope, while red oak was limited to minor status on the Plateau. The Slope …
Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum Salicaria L.) In A Southeastern Sedge Meadow, John L. Larson
Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum Salicaria L.) In A Southeastern Sedge Meadow, John L. Larson
Field Station Bulletins
Floristic and seed bank composition of a sedge meadow containing purple loosestrife was examined in 1987 and 1988. Eleocharis spp., Spiraea tomentosa, Triadenum vircrinicum, and Lycopus spp. were widespread while infrequent or absent in nearby sedge meadows without purple loosestrife, suggesting that these species have similar microsite requirements. Changes noted in some species over time probably resulted from changes in climatic and soil moisture conditions. The seed bank reflected the dominant herbaceous vegetation but lacked a few species having moderate frequencies in the established vegetation. Limited samples, unsuitable germination conditions in the greenhouse, autumn seed germination by some species and …
A Preliminary Survey Of The Fungi Of Sapa Spruce Bog, Alan D. Parker
A Preliminary Survey Of The Fungi Of Sapa Spruce Bog, Alan D. Parker
Field Station Bulletins
An extensive study of the fungi of Sapa Spruce Bog was started during the summer of 1989. The site was divided into three collecting zones the swamp hardwoods surrounding the bog, the tamrac and black spruce zone, and the central, open sphagnum mat zone. Greatest species diversity has been observed in the swamp hardwoods; many fungi identified from this zone have also been recorded from the Field Station beech/maple woods (Parker, 1987 and 1988). Factors contributing to the greater diversity of fungi in this zone include the composition of leaf litter and humus, the larger amount of downed logs in …
A Discussion On Chaos, Anastasios A. Tsonis
A Discussion On Chaos, Anastasios A. Tsonis
Field Station Bulletins
In this paper I review some of the basis principles of the theory of dynamical systems. I introduce the reader to the definition of chaos and strange attractors and discuss their implications.
The Marsh Beetles (Coleoptera: Scirtidae) Of Pine Hollow And The Uw-Milwaukee Field Station, Daniel K. Young
The Marsh Beetles (Coleoptera: Scirtidae) Of Pine Hollow And The Uw-Milwaukee Field Station, Daniel K. Young
Field Station Bulletins
Four species of marsh beetles were collected from Pine Hollow during the 1987 field season. Of these, Prionocyphon discoideus (Say) represents a new state record. In addition, specimens of an undescribed Cyphon were also recovered. During the same period, 12 scirtid species were taken at the UW-Milwaukee Field Station. Of these, new state records are reported for five species of Cyphon: fuscescens Klausnitzer, neovariabilis Klausnitzer, orohreatus KLausnitzer, perplexus Blatchley, and ruficollis (Say). Only two species, Flavohelodes thoracica (Guerin-Meneville) and Cyphon obscurus (Guerin-Meneville), were recovered from both sites. Observational notes are included for each of the species found at the two …
Glossy Buckthorn (Rhamnus Frangula), A Threat To The Vegetation Of The Cedarburg Bog, James A. Reinartz, Joanne Kline
Glossy Buckthorn (Rhamnus Frangula), A Threat To The Vegetation Of The Cedarburg Bog, James A. Reinartz, Joanne Kline
Field Station Bulletins
Glossy buckthorn (Rhamnus frangula) is a shrub or small tree which is a native of Eurasia, introduced to North America about the mid-nineteenth century. Escaped from cultivation, Rhamnus frangula is rapidly becoming a serious pest in certain kinds of wetland habitats and has been in the Cedarburg Bog for at least the last thirty years. Glossy buckthorn is most dense in the string bog, the most unique vegetation type in the Bog. Since 1968, the string bog population of Rhamnus frangula has been growing logarithmically at a rate which doubles the population size in less than 4 years. Individual shoots …
Status Of Alien Plant Species In Eight State Naturalareas In Eastern Wisconsin, Lawrence A. Leitner
Status Of Alien Plant Species In Eight State Naturalareas In Eastern Wisconsin, Lawrence A. Leitner
Field Station Bulletins
An annotated list of the non-native plant species found in eight eastern Wisconsin natural areas and their relative abundances in 1988 is presented. Except for European buckthorn, aliens were scattered and at low densities, several found mainly along trails. The most seriously invaded sites were Sanders Park and Muskego Park, areas with numerous hiking trails and relatively open, oak-dominated canopies.
Long-Term Population Trends In Songbirds: Evidence From A General Netting Program, Charles M. Weise
Long-Term Population Trends In Songbirds: Evidence From A General Netting Program, Charles M. Weise
Field Station Bulletins
A one-day-a-week general bird-netting operation has been conducted each autumn since 1965 at the UWM Field Station. Overall results for 23 years are presented, on a species by species basis. The 101 species captured were divided into three groups for a linear regression test for long-term population trends. Permanent residents showed no change over the 23 years. Short distance migrants exhibited a slight but not statistically significant decline. Long-distance migrants, on the other hand, exhibited a statistically significant decline, lending support to other studies which have reported population declines in North American songbirds that spend the winter in the tropics.
Long-Term Population Fluctuations Of Small Mammals At The Uwm Field Station, James W. Popp, Paul E. Matthiae, Charles M. Weise, James A. Reinartz
Long-Term Population Fluctuations Of Small Mammals At The Uwm Field Station, James W. Popp, Paul E. Matthiae, Charles M. Weise, James A. Reinartz
Field Station Bulletins
Population sizes of four small mammals, Peromyscus leucopus, Microtus pennsylvanicus, Blarina brevicauda, and Sorex cinereus, were monitored for over twenty years at the UWM Field Station. P. leucopus had moderate fluctuations in size, but showed no evidence of cyclic or regular fluctuations. M. pennsylvanicus exhibited dramatic fluctuations with cycles of 3-5 years. Neither shrew species appeared to have cyclic fluctuations. The population sizes of the two shrew species were positively correlated with each other. No other significant correlations were found between species. Population sizes were probably influenced by a number of factors including predation, competition and weather.
Additions To The Fungi Of The Uwm Field Station, Alan D. Parker
Additions To The Fungi Of The Uwm Field Station, Alan D. Parker
Field Station Bulletins
A preliminary checklist totaling 147 species of fungi identified from the Field Station was published recently (Parker, 1987). Extensive collecting in the beech-maple hardwoods and one trip into the cedar-tamarack swamp during July-October 1987 have provided records of an additional 54 species. Among the fungi identified during 1987 are the following noteworthy taxa: Thuemenella cubispora (Ellis & Holw.) Boedjn - Ascomycetes, Hypocreales
Female Dominance Among Purple Finches (Carpodacus Purpureus) In Winter Flocks, James W. Popp
Female Dominance Among Purple Finches (Carpodacus Purpureus) In Winter Flocks, James W. Popp
Field Station Bulletins
The dominance of females over males in winter flocks is rare. In this paper, I report on female dominance over males in winter flocks of Purple Finches (Carpodacus purpureus). Females won nearly all observed intersexual encounters and also differed from males in their use of agonistic displays. Female dominance has been reported for other species in the genus Carpodacus, but reasons for the occurrence of female dominance in this genus are unknown.
Three Decades Of Change In Three Southeastern Wisconsin Woodlots, Lawrence A. Leitner
Three Decades Of Change In Three Southeastern Wisconsin Woodlots, Lawrence A. Leitner
Field Station Bulletins
Three upland woodlots in southeastern Wisconsin, originally sampled by the Plant Ecology Lab of UW-Madison in 1949, were resampled in 1981. In general, red and white oaks were being replaced by more shade-tolerant species. Two of the sites, Zirbe's Woods and Petrifying Springs Woods, appear headed for complete domination by sugar maple. Thompson Woods, where maple was absent, was at an earlier successional stage. In Thompson Woods, basswood and white ash were becoming dominant.
Terrestrial Isopods At The Uwm Field Station, Joan P. Jass, Barbara Klausineier
Terrestrial Isopods At The Uwm Field Station, Joan P. Jass, Barbara Klausineier
Field Station Bulletins
Six species of terrestrial isopods were found in a preliminary survey of appropriate habitats at the UWM Field Station. Each species is characterized briefly with distinctive features of its morphology and life cycle.
Range Extension For Burrowing Crayfish Procambarus (Girardiella) Gracilis (Bundy), Joan P. Jass
Range Extension For Burrowing Crayfish Procambarus (Girardiella) Gracilis (Bundy), Joan P. Jass
Field Station Bulletins
The range of Procambarus (Girardiella) gracilis (Bundy) runs in a fairly narrow band southwest of Wisconsin through Illinois, Iowa, Missouri and Arkansas to the eastern edges of Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma and Texas. It extends into Wisconsin only in the southeastern corner of the state, having been previously reported only as far north as Milwaukee County. Within this range Hobbs and Rewolinski (1985) have described its habitat to be regions that were originally prairies.
Seedbanks And Vegetation Of Disturbed Urban Soils, Lynn Young Janik, Forest Stearns
Seedbanks And Vegetation Of Disturbed Urban Soils, Lynn Young Janik, Forest Stearns
Field Station Bulletins
The composition of urban seedbanks differed considerably from that of the established vegetation. Annuals were more abundant in the seedbank than in the vegetation, while perennials were more abundant in the vegetation. Many species were present in the seedpools and not in the vegetation, and the converse was also true. Seed dispersal and/or longevity was demonstrated by the presence of ten species, not growing in the vegetation, that emerged from the seedbanks of five or more of the six sites. In the vegetation, as in the seedbanks, introduced rather than native plants were the most common, including: bluegrass (Poa pratensis), …
Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum Salicaria): Its Status In Wisconsin And Control Methods, James A. Reinartz, James W. Popp, Margaret A. Kuchenreuther
Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum Salicaria): Its Status In Wisconsin And Control Methods, James A. Reinartz, James W. Popp, Margaret A. Kuchenreuther
Field Station Bulletins
Data were gathered in 1984 on the distribution, size, and habitat of populations of purple loosestrife in Wisconsin. Lythrum salicaria was found throughout Wisconsin, but most populations were still small and amenable to eradication with spot applications of herbicide. We compared the effectiveness of three dosages of glyphosate herbicide for eradicating small populations of purple loosestrife. High dosage treatments killed a slightly higher percentage of loosestrife than low dosage, but also caused much greater destruction of desirable perennial vegetation. The increased disturbance associated with high dosage, led to a high density of purple loosestrife seedlings in the following year. Low …
The Distribution Of Sarracenia Purpurea (Pitcher Plant) In Southeastern Wisconsin Fens: The Influence Of Ph And Nutrients, Teresa A. Golembiewski, Forest Stearns
The Distribution Of Sarracenia Purpurea (Pitcher Plant) In Southeastern Wisconsin Fens: The Influence Of Ph And Nutrients, Teresa A. Golembiewski, Forest Stearns
Field Station Bulletins
Temperature, pH, alkalinity, total-N, total-P, K, Na, Ca and Mg levels were measured in groundwater at the Pickerel Lake and Ottawa Lake calcareous fens and the Cedarburg Bog patterned fen. The two calcareous fens were similar in all chemical characteristics. Alkalinity, pH and Mg were significantly lower in the patterned fen when compared to the calcareous fens, while the other chemical parameters were similar. Each of these southeastern Wisconsin fens supported Sarracenia purpurea (pitcher plant). When the characteristics of the groundwater of the areas that supported S. purpurea were compared with those of areas that did not support S. purpurea, …
A Preliminary List Of Butterflies And Skippers From The Uwm Field Station, Susan S. Borkin
A Preliminary List Of Butterflies And Skippers From The Uwm Field Station, Susan S. Borkin
Field Station Bulletins
This preliminary list is a result of opportunistic collecting by staff members of the Milwaukee Public Museum's Invertebrate Zoology Section at the UWM Cedar-Sauk Field Station during the past nine years. A total of 55 butterfly (Papilionoidea) and skipper (Hesperioidea) species have been collected in various habitats at the Field Station with one additional species, Lycaena epixanthe found in the Sapa-Black Spruce Bog. More intensive collecting should turn up additional species since the Field Station lies within the geographic ranges of over 90 butterflies and skippers according to recent distribution maps (Opler and Krizek, 1984; and Scott, 1986). Of course, …
A Preliminary Survey Of Fungi At The Uwm Field Station, Alan D. Parker
A Preliminary Survey Of Fungi At The Uwm Field Station, Alan D. Parker
Field Station Bulletins
Three previous accounts of fungi occurring at the Field Station have appeared in the Bulletin. The first inventory of seventy-five species, including 29 plant pathogens, was published by Baxter (1970). Baxter and Bronaugh (1974) isolated four species of aquatic Hyphomycetes during their study of this group in southeastern Wisconsin. Ciombor and Dibben (1984) identified 29 fungi, 23 of which had not been previously reported. In addition, Baxter (1973) listed the following five fungi as new records for Wisconsin, but did not indicate where they were collected. The present paper reports 71 species, 46 of which are new records. Also included …
The Neda Iron Ore Of Southeastern Wisconsin, William K. Kean
The Neda Iron Ore Of Southeastern Wisconsin, William K. Kean
Field Station Bulletins
The Neda Iron Mine, located between Iron Ridge and MayviTie, Wisconsin, is a property owned by the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee and managed by the UWM Field Station. The site today is a rather unobtrusive ridge of resistant dolomite, not dissimilar to a number of other resistant ridges which mark the presence of the Silurian dolomite in eastern Wisconsin. This dolomite is essentially the same rock formation which dips down under the state of Michigan and reemerges in western New York to form Niagara Falls. Beneath this resistant dolomite, is a thin surface exposure of red iron ore, known as the …
Daily Organization Of Vocalizations Of Forest-Edge Birds In Wisconsin, James W. Popp, Millicent S. Ficken, Robert W. Ficken
Daily Organization Of Vocalizations Of Forest-Edge Birds In Wisconsin, James W. Popp, Millicent S. Ficken, Robert W. Ficken
Field Station Bulletins
The daily patterning of vocalizations was determined for 15 species of forest-edge birds at the UWM Field Station. Species that were predominately callers (gave few songs) had very erratic patterns of vocalizations. Species that were primarily singers had distinct morning peaks in singing ("dawn chorus") and, for most species, smaller evening peaks. Some of the singers also had small mid-afternoon peaks when the overall singing rates were low. With the exception of the Field Sparrow, which had a peak before most other species, and the towhee, which had a peak after most other species, there was little interspecific variation in …
A Guide To The Natural History Of The Cedarburg Bog: Part Ii, James A. Reinartz
A Guide To The Natural History Of The Cedarburg Bog: Part Ii, James A. Reinartz
Field Station Bulletins
The boardwalk that extends to the center of the Cedarburg Bog is the UWM Field Station's most heavily used teaching facility. Research is also conducted in the Bog, which holds an understandable fascination for researchers and students of natural history because of its size, complexity, diversity and geographical isolation from similar communities. Because of the increasing research and teaching use of the Bog, it has become essential that some of what is known about the natural history of the Bog be assembled and summarized in an easily accessible introduction and guide. The guide contains too much material to fit into …
A Guide To The Natural History Of The Cedarburg Bog: Part 1, James A. Reinartz
A Guide To The Natural History Of The Cedarburg Bog: Part 1, James A. Reinartz
Field Station Bulletins
The boardwalk that extends to the center of the Cedarburg Bog is the UWM Field Station's most heavily used teaching facility. Research is also conducted in the Bog, which holds an understandable fascination for researchers and students of natural history because of its size, complexity, diversity and geographical isolation from similar communities. Because of the increasing research and teaching use of the Bog, it has become essential that some of what is known about the natural history of the Bog be assembled and summarized in an easily accessible introduction and guide. The guide contains too much material to fit into …
Natural Tree Reproduction In Urban Environments, John Boyd, Forest Stearns
Natural Tree Reproduction In Urban Environments, John Boyd, Forest Stearns
Field Station Bulletins
Three contrasting urban areas in Milwaukee County were sampled to determine the tree species reproducing and the habitats in which seedlings become established. Habitats most favorable for seedling establishment were shrub hedges and areas along fence lines or adjacent to buildings. Overall, elm and ash were the taxa most successful in establishing seedlings. In the Menomonee Valley, seedlings of boxelder and tree-of-heaven were most abundant with elm and ash close behind, while in Shorewood and Brown Deer, a great variety of seedlings was present. Elm, ash, boxelder, Norway maple, buckthorn, cherry and mountain ash were the most prevalent. Successful seedling …
Labrador Tea (Ledum Groelandicum) In The Cedarburg Bog, James A. Reinartz
Labrador Tea (Ledum Groelandicum) In The Cedarburg Bog, James A. Reinartz
Field Station Bulletins
The Labrador tea population in the Cedarburg Bog is a southern outlyer from its more northerly range and is disjunct by at least 40 miles from the nearest population. The discovery of Labrador tea in the Bog raises to 11 the number of vascular plants that reach their absolute southernmost Wisconsin boundaries in the Cedarburg Bog (5 dicots, 5 monocots, 1 gymnosperm). It raises the number of vascular plants at, or near, the southern edge of their range in the Cedarburg Bog to at least 35.
The Seedbank Of Woodlots In An Agricultural Matrix., Glenn R. Guntenspergen, Michael Kunowski
The Seedbank Of Woodlots In An Agricultural Matrix., Glenn R. Guntenspergen, Michael Kunowski
Field Station Bulletins
Soil samples from four woodlots representing different land-use history and canopy vegetation were sampled to determine the composition of the seedbank. Seeds of 73 taxa distributed among 35 families were represented. Comparisons among the seedbank of the four woodlots were made using Sorensen's Index of Similarity. Grazing affected the similarity between seedbanks more than did canopy composition. Twenty-seven percent of the aggregate seedbank was composed of weeds or widespread annuals suggesting an important contribution from the surrounding matrix. The Impact of the current disturbance regime on the future composition of vegetation is discussed.
Wintering Populations Of Juncos At The Uwm Field Station, Charles M. Weise
Wintering Populations Of Juncos At The Uwm Field Station, Charles M. Weise
Field Station Bulletins
Since 1966 the winter populations of Dark-eyed Juncos, Junco hyemalis at the UWM Field Station have been monitored by mark-recapture methods. Schnabel estimates with 95% confidence intervals are presented for each winter. The population has varied irregularly between 60 and 196. Comparisons of these estimates with Wisconsin Christmas Bird Counts of juncos reveals a positive correlation with the average number of juncos per Wisconsin Christmas Bird Count, indicating that the year-to-year fluctuations at the Field Station correspond to the general state-wide fluctuations. However, the Christmas counts show a rising trend over the past 19 years while the Field Station population …
Verbascum Densiflorum At The Uwm Field Station, James A. Reinartz
Verbascum Densiflorum At The Uwm Field Station, James A. Reinartz
Field Station Bulletins
Nine of 260 species of the Eurasian genus Verba scum have been reported from North America; only two (y. thapsus and y. blattaria) are common. Verba scum densiflorum is well established in the U.S. only in southeast Wisconsin in the area immediately surrounding the Field Station where it is an aggressive weed. It differs morphologically, phenologically and ecologically from either y. thapsus or y. phlomoides, the two more common species which it superficially resembles.