Life Sciences Commons^™

Accuracy And Efficiency Of Algorithms For The Demarcation Of Bacterial Ecotypes From Dna Sequence Data, Juan Carlos Francisco, Frederick M. Cohan, Danny Krizanc

Frederick M. Cohan

Identification of closely related, ecologically distinct populations of bacteria would benefit microbiologists working in many fields including systematics, epidemiology and biotechnology. Several laboratories have recently developed algorithms aimed at demarcating such ‘ecotypes’. We examine the ability of four of these algorithms to correctly identify ecotypes from sequence data. We tested the algorithms on synthetic sequences, with known history and habitat associations, generated under the stable ecotype model and on data from Bacillus strains isolated from Death Valley where previous work has confirmed the existence of multiple ecotypes. We found that one of the algorithms (ecotype simulation) performs significantly better than …

Rapid Inversion: Running Animals And Robots Swing Like A Pendulum Under Ledges, Jean-Michel Mongeau, Brian Mcrae, Ardian Jusufi, Paul Birkmeyer, Aaron M. Hoover, Ronald Fearing, Robert J. Full

Aaron M. Hoover

Escaping from predators often demands that animals rapidly negotiate complex environments. The smallest animals attain relatively fast speeds with high frequency leg cycling, wing flapping or body undulations, but absolute speeds are slow compared to larger animals. Instead, small animals benefit from the advantages of enhanced maneuverability in part due to scaling. Here, we report a novel behavior in small, legged runners that may facilitate their escape by disappearance from predators. We video recorded cockroaches and geckos rapidly running up an incline toward a ledge, digitized their motion and created a simple model to generalize the behavior. Both species ran …

Demarcation Of Bacterial Ecotypes From Dna Sequence Data: A Comparative Analysis Of Four Algorithms, Juan Francisco, Frederick Cohan, Danny Krizanc

Frederick M. Cohan

No abstract provided.

Diversity Of Bacteria And Archaea In Hypersaline Sediment From Death Valley National Park, California, J.-S. Kim, M. Makama, J. Petito, N.-H. Park, Frederick M. Cohan, R. S. Dungan

Frederick M. Cohan

No abstract provided.

The Variable Subdomain Of Escherichia Coli Seca Functions To Regulate Seca Atpase Activity And Adp Release, Sanchaita Das, Lorry M. Grady, Jennifer Michtavy, Yayan Zhou, Frederick M. Cohan, Manju M. Hingorani, Donald B. Oliver

Frederick M. Cohan

No abstract provided.

Diversity Of Bacteria And Archaea In Hypersaline Sediment From Death Valley National Park, California, J.-S. Kim, M. Makama, J. Petito, N.-H. Park, Frederick M. Cohan, R. S. Dungan

Frederick M. Cohan

No abstract provided.

Fine-Scale Distribution Patterns Of Synechococcus Ecological Diversity In The Microbial Mat Of Mushroom Spring, Yellowstone National Park, Eric Becraft, Frederick Cohan, Michael Kuhl, Sheila Jensen, David Ward

Frederick M. Cohan

No abstract provided.

Influence Of Molecular Resolution On Sequence-Based Discovery Of Ecological Diversity Among Synechococcus Populations In An Alkaline Siliceous Hot Spring Microbial Mat, Melanie C. Melendrez, R. K. Lange, Frederick M. Cohan, David M. Ward

Frederick M. Cohan

No abstract provided.

Basking Behavior Of Emydid Turtles (Chysemys Picta Marginata, Graptemys Geographica, And Trachemys Scripta Elegans) In An Urban Landscape, W. Peterman, Travis Ryan

Travis J. Ryan

Basking is common in emydid turtles and is generally accepted to be in thermoregulatory behavior. In 2004, we quantified and described the basking behavior of turtles in the Central Canal of Indianapolis. This canal system runs through an urban landscape that is dominated by fragmented woodlots, residential areas. and commercial areas. We observed that basking turtles exhibited variable basking behavior. with spatial and temporal shins in basking behavior from east-facing banks in the morning to west-facing banks in the afternoon. Turtles in the Central Canal are subject to frequent disturbance, which altered basking behavior. Many turtles forewent aerial basking on …

Movement And Habitat Use Of Two Aquatic Turtles (Graptemys Geographic And Trachemys Scripta) In An Urban Landscape, Travis J. Ryan, C A. Conner, B A. Douthitt, S C. Sterrett, Carmen M. Salsbury

Travis J. Ryan

Our study focuses on the spatial ecology and seasonal habitat use of two aquatic turtles in order to understand the manner in which upland habitat use by humans shapes the aquatic activity, movement, and habitat selection of these species in an urban setting. We used radiotelemetry to follow 15 female Graptemys geographica (common map turtle) and each of ten male and female Trachemys scripta (red-eared slider) living in a man-made canal within a highly urbanized region of Indianapolis, IN, USA. During the active season (between May and September) of 2002, we located 33 of the 35 individuals a total of …

Reflections From The Garden: Developing A Critical Literacy Of Food Practices, Deborah Adelman, Shamili Sandiford

Deborah Adelman

No abstract provided.

The Ecology Of Speciation In Bacillus, Nora Connor, Johannes Sikorski, Alejandro P. Rooney, Sarah Kopac, Alexander F. Koeppel, Andrew Burger, Scott G. Cole, Elizabeth B. Perry, Danny Krizanc, Nicholas C. Field, Michele Slaton, Frederick M. Cohan

Frederick M. Cohan

No abstract provided.

Tracking Bacterial Responses To Global Warming With An Ecotype-Based Systematics, Frederick M. Cohan

Frederick M. Cohan

No abstract provided.

Identifying The Fundamental Units Of Bacterial Diversity: A Paradigm Shift To Incorporate Ecology Into Bacterial Systematics, A. F. Koeppel, E. B. Perry, J. Sikorski, A. Warner, D. M. Ward, A. P. Rooney, E. Brambilla, N. Connor, E. Nevo, R. M. Ratcliff, Frederick M. Cohan

Frederick M. Cohan

No abstract provided.

Hydroperiod And Metamorphosis In The Small-Mouthed Salamander

Travis J. Ryan

Legacy Of Land Use In Southern Appalachian Forests: Effects On Terrestrial Salamander Abundance Along Edges And Within Abandoned Logging Roads, R. Semlitsch,, Travis Ryan, M. Chatfield, B. Drehman, K. Hamed, N. Pekarek, M. Spath

Travis J. Ryan

Toward A Conceptual And Operational Union Of Bacterial Systematics, Ecology, And Evolution, Frederick M. Cohan

Frederick M. Cohan

No abstract provided.

Cyanobacterial Ecotypes In The Microbial Mat Community Of Mushroom Spring (Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming) As Species-Like Units Linking Microbial Community Composition, Structure And Function, D. M. Ward, M. M. Bateson, M. J. Ferris, M. Kuhl, A. Wieland, A. Koeppel, Frederick M. Cohan

Frederick M. Cohan

No abstract provided.

Presence And Colonization Of Placobdella On Two Species Of Freshwater Turtles (Graptemys Geographica And Sternotherus Odoratus), Travis Ryan

Travis J. Ryan

It is generally accepted that bottom-dwelling turtles have a higher ectoparasite load than turtles that bask aerially because of effects of desiccation on ectoparasites, especially with regard to leeches. We compared number of leeches (primarily Placobdella parasitica) on field-caught Common Musk Turtles (Stemotherus odoratus) and Common Map Turtles (Graptemys geographica). The bottom-dwelling species S. odoratus had more than 20 times the number of leeches than the aerial-basking species G. geographica. We then exposed cleaned (leech-free) turtles to leeches in mesocosms (cattle tanks) to measure the rate of colonization. In this experiment, S. odoratus had more than four times the number …

Which Species Concept For Bacteria?—An E-Debate, S. Godreuil, Frederick M. Cohan, H. Shah, M. Tibayrenc

Frederick M. Cohan

No abstract provided.

Gradual Evolution In Bacteria: Evidence From Bacillus Systematics, M. Feldgarden, N. Byrd, Frederick M. Cohan

Frederick M. Cohan

No abstract provided.

What Are Bacterial Species?, Frederick M. Cohan

Frederick M. Cohan

No abstract provided.

Bacterial Species And Speciation, Frederick M. Cohan

Frederick M. Cohan

No abstract provided.

Bacillus Sonorensis Sp. Nov., A Close Relative Of Bacillus Licheniformis, Isolated From Soil In The Sonoran Desert, Arizona, M. M. Palmisano, L. K. Nakamura, K. E. Duncan, C. A. Istock, Frederick M. Cohan

Frederick M. Cohan

No abstract provided.

Protein-Coding Genes As Molecular Markers For Ecologically Distinct Populations: The Case Of Two Bacillus Species, T. Palys, E. Berger, I. Mitrica, L. Nakamura, Frederick Cohan

Frederick M. Cohan

No abstract provided.

Barriers To Genetic Exchange Between Bacterial Species: Streptococcus Pneumoniae Transformation, J. Majewski, P. Zawadzki, P. Pickerill, Frederick M. Cohan, C. W. Dowson

Frederick M. Cohan

No abstract provided.

Adapt Globally, Act Locally: The Effect Of Selective Sweeps On Bacterial Sequence Diversity, J. Majewski, Frederick Cohan

Frederick M. Cohan

No abstract provided.

Relationship Between The Bacillus Subtilis Clades Associated With Strains 168 And W23: A Proposal For B. Subtilis Subsp. Subtilis And B. Subtilis Subsp. Spizizenii, L. K. Nakamura, M. S. Roberts, Frederick M. Cohan

Frederick M. Cohan

No abstract provided.

Dna Sequence Similarity Requirements For Interspecific Recombination In Bacillus, J. Majewski, Frederick M. Cohan

Frederick M. Cohan

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Mismatch Repair And Heteroduplex Formation On Sexual Isolation In Bacillus, Jacek Majewski, Frederick M. Cohan

Frederick M. Cohan

No abstract provided.