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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

New Records And Notes On The Natural History Of Selected Invertebrates From Southern Arkansas, C. Renn Tumlison, Henry W. Robison Jan 2010

New Records And Notes On The Natural History Of Selected Invertebrates From Southern Arkansas, C. Renn Tumlison, Henry W. Robison

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.


Stand Conditions Immediately Following A Restoration Harvest In An Old-Growth Pine-Hardwood Remnant, Don C. Bragg Jan 2010

Stand Conditions Immediately Following A Restoration Harvest In An Old-Growth Pine-Hardwood Remnant, Don C. Bragg

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Portions of the Levi Wilcoxon Demonstration Forest (LWDF), a privately owned parcel of old growth pine and hardwoods in Ashley County, Arkansas, were recently treated to restore conditions similar to some historic accounts of the virgin forest. Following a hardwood-only cut, a post-harvest inventory showed that the number of tree species in the sample area declined from 24 in 2006 (the most recent pre-harvest inventory) to 12 in 2009. Loblolly (Pinus taeda L.) and shortleaf (Pinus echinata Mill.) pine now comprise 59.2% of the remaining live trees, up from 16.2% in 2006. Between 2006 and 2009, basal area dropped from …


Cargo Of Birds To Arkansas, The Hurricanes In 2008 And The Swept Clean Hypothesis, Douglas A. James, Kimberly G. Smith, Joseph C. Neal, John G. Hehr Jan 2010

Cargo Of Birds To Arkansas, The Hurricanes In 2008 And The Swept Clean Hypothesis, Douglas A. James, Kimberly G. Smith, Joseph C. Neal, John G. Hehr

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Three hurricanes in the hurricane season of 2008 brought to Arkansas several unusual marine and other birds from southerly locations. There were 10 species noted, totaling 44 individual birds. Sooty Terns, numbering 15, were the most numerous. Laughing Gulls were next in abundance. In the mix of birds there was only 1 new species for the state, a Least Grebe. The hurricanes brought vastly different cargos of birds, and two hypotheses relating to how hurricanes transport birds are proposed. The findings supported the "swept clean" hypothesis over the "blown through" hypothesis.


Comparative Leaf Decomposition Rates Including A Non-Native Species In An Urban Ozark Stream, Sarah E. Lewis, Arthur V. Brown Jan 2010

Comparative Leaf Decomposition Rates Including A Non-Native Species In An Urban Ozark Stream, Sarah E. Lewis, Arthur V. Brown

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Leaf decomposition of three species of native Ozark vegetation was compared to that of one nonnative invasive species. Leaves were placed in an urban gravel-bed stream for 23 days. Changes in mass and condition of the leaves were assessed along with stream temperature, flow, width, depth and discharge. Species native to Eastern North American forests were sycamore (Platanus occidentalis), dogwood (Cornus florida), and redbud (Cercis canadensis). The nonnative species, Japanese (Amur) honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii) comprised approximately 80% of the understory vegetation within the riparian zone of the study reach. After 23 days, Sycamore lost 24.6% mass, dogwood lost 30%, redbud …


Distribution Of The Southeastern Shrew (Sorex Longirostris Longirostris) In Arkansas, G. A. Mikel, Gary A. Heidt, David W. Clark Jan 2010

Distribution Of The Southeastern Shrew (Sorex Longirostris Longirostris) In Arkansas, G. A. Mikel, Gary A. Heidt, David W. Clark

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The southeastern shrew (Sorex longirostris longirostris) is considered uncommon and, due to a lack of knowledge, a Species of Greatest Conservation Need in Arkansas. Also, eastern Arkansas may represent a gap in the species’ distribution. Therefore, we evaluated persistence at previous capture sites, surveyed additional counties, quantified microhabitat at our capture locations, and compiled occurrences. Since Sealander and Heidt’s (1990) Arkansas Mammals detailed its occurrence, additional captures by Huston and Nelson (1994), Showen (2006), and this study document new counties (Pope and Searcy) and a new ecoregion (Arkansas Valley). Number of specimens in Arkansas has increased to 17 in 11 …


Population Status Of The Southern Cavefish, Typhlichthys Subterraneus In Arkansas, A. Romero, M. S. Connor, G. L. Vaughan Jan 2010

Population Status Of The Southern Cavefish, Typhlichthys Subterraneus In Arkansas, A. Romero, M. S. Connor, G. L. Vaughan

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

We summarize the results of our study on the status of the southern cavefish (Typhlichthys subterraneus) in Arkansas. Its presence in the state represents the western-southern limits of its distribution. Four localities have been confirmed that contain individuals of this species: Richardson Cave (Fulton County), Alexander Cave/Clark Spring (Stone County), Ennis Cave (Stone County), and Lake Norfork (Baxter County). A fifth locality has been cited as a well in Randolph County, but because the exact location is unknown, its presence has not been confirmed. A number of unconfirmed localities for “cavefishes” in the region has not been included in this …


Status And Distribution Of The Gapped Ringed Crayfish, Orconectes Neglectus Chaenodactylus, In Arkansas, Brian K. Wagner, C. A. Taylor, Mark D. Kottmyer Jan 2010

Status And Distribution Of The Gapped Ringed Crayfish, Orconectes Neglectus Chaenodactylus, In Arkansas, Brian K. Wagner, C. A. Taylor, Mark D. Kottmyer

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Orconectes neglectus chaenodactylus, the gapped ringed crayfish, is an uncommon and poorly-known, stream-dwelling crayfish that is endemic to the central White River basin of Arkansas and Missouri. This study surveyed a semi-random selection of stream sites in the Arkansas portion of this range in order to characterize the crayfish communities and evaluate the status of O. n. chaenodactylus in Arkansas. Collections of a total of 1,107 individual crayfish specimens were made at 45 sites, including 497 O. n. chaenodactylus from 21 sites. Orconectes punctimanus was the crayfish species most commonly associated with O. n. chaenodactylus, occurring at 71% of sites …


Detection Of Inositol Polyphosphates By Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (Page) Under Apoptotic Conditions In Cultured Sw480 Cells, M. K. Zafar, R. Mohsin, S. Hassen, R. Agarwal, H. Mumtaz, N. Ali Jan 2010

Detection Of Inositol Polyphosphates By Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (Page) Under Apoptotic Conditions In Cultured Sw480 Cells, M. K. Zafar, R. Mohsin, S. Hassen, R. Agarwal, H. Mumtaz, N. Ali

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Inositol phosphates are naturally occurring compounds that regulate diverse cellular processes including apoptosis. Apoptosis is a mechanism by which cells undergo natural death to maintain cellular homeostasis. It causes cell death in areas during a state that is harmful to the body. It also regulates cellular development. Previous work has shown that exogenously administered, as well as endogenously manipulated inositol phosphates bring about apoptotic changes. It has been demonstrated that cellular levels of inositol phosphates, particularly higher inositol phosphates such as inositol hexakis-phosphate (IP6) and diphosphoinositol pentakis-phosphate (IP7) levels increase during apoptotic conditions. In this study, we have attempted to …


Distribution Of The Endemic Redspotted Stream Crayfish, Orconectes Acares (Decapoda: Cambaridae), In Arkansas, Chris T. Mcallister, Henry W. Robison Jan 2010

Distribution Of The Endemic Redspotted Stream Crayfish, Orconectes Acares (Decapoda: Cambaridae), In Arkansas, Chris T. Mcallister, Henry W. Robison

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.


Presence Of The Asian Tiger Mosquito (Aedes Albopictus) In Northwest Arkansas, J. Wilson, David H. Jamieson Jan 2010

Presence Of The Asian Tiger Mosquito (Aedes Albopictus) In Northwest Arkansas, J. Wilson, David H. Jamieson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.


Effectiveness Of Weight Control Through Weight Watch Programs, V. A. Black, P. Boumtje Jan 2010

Effectiveness Of Weight Control Through Weight Watch Programs, V. A. Black, P. Boumtje

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Linear probability estimation and survey data are employed to quantify the influence of the lifestyles of individuals on the change in their body mass index (BMI). The analysis also explores the effects of demographic characteristics (age, gender, and ethnicity) in weight management. Results suggest evidence of association between changes in lifestyle and changes in the BMI of individuals.


Seasonal Activity Of The Ozark Highlands Leech, Macrobdella Diplotertia, (Annelida: Hirudinea) In North-Central Arkansas, M. Connior, Stanley E. Trauth Jan 2010

Seasonal Activity Of The Ozark Highlands Leech, Macrobdella Diplotertia, (Annelida: Hirudinea) In North-Central Arkansas, M. Connior, Stanley E. Trauth

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The Ozark Highlands Leech, Macrobdella diplotertia, occurs intermittently throughout Arkansas, Kansas, and Missouri. Limited natural history of this species is known. Herein, we report a new county occurrence for this leech from a cattle pond in southern Marion County, Arkansas. We also report on the seasonal activity and novel hosts of this species. We surveyed the inhabited pond monthly to determine activity and collected natural history data on this species. This study indicated that this species appears to be most active in spring, summer, and early fall, but inactive during the winter. We also documented five new anuran hosts for …


Biosensors For Biodiesel Quality Sensing, M. Z. Hossain, D. S. Shrestha, Maurice G. Kleve Jan 2010

Biosensors For Biodiesel Quality Sensing, M. Z. Hossain, D. S. Shrestha, Maurice G. Kleve

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A biosensor is an analytical device that uses biomaterials as elements of the sensing system and converts a biological response into an electrical signal. Biodiesel is a bio-based alternative, biodegradable, renewable, nontoxic diesel fuel made from a chemical reaction between alcohol (usually methanol or ethanol) and plant oil or animal fat. A need to provide accurate, real-time information for the quality sensing of biodiesel properties such as free and total glycerol has led to an ever-increasing demand for biosensor development. Being able to monitor specific physical and chemical properties is the prerequisite for developing a biosensor for quality sensing of …


New Records And Notes On The Natural History Of Selected Vertebrates From Southern Arkansas, C. Renn Tumlison, Henry W. Robison Jan 2010

New Records And Notes On The Natural History Of Selected Vertebrates From Southern Arkansas, C. Renn Tumlison, Henry W. Robison

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.