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Journal

2009

Pharmacology, Toxicology and Environmental Health

Articles 1 - 21 of 21

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Botulinum Toxin, David Moshayev Jan 2009

Botulinum Toxin, David Moshayev

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Botulinum toxin is a neurotoxic protein produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. Although botulinum toxin is the cause of the disease botulism and can be used in a terrorist attack, there are also many other uses for botulinum toxin. Botox, a derivative of botulinum toxin, is used for cosmetic purposes. Botulinum toxin is also used in medicines to control certain conditions marked by involuntary muscle contractions. The objective of this paper is to present a strong review of botulinum toxin so that one can see all the good and bad that is botulinum.


Biofilms In Medicine, Marshall Gelbman Jan 2009

Biofilms In Medicine, Marshall Gelbman

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

In 1862 Louis Pasteur introduced the “Germ Theory of Disease.” Subsequently the study of microbiology has flourished greatly and its medical significance has continuously grown. Many microbial organisms implicated in disease have been identified and studies. A general science of medical bacteriology has been determined and is widely taught. Such study has been largely based upon the activity of individual free-swimming (planktonic) cells and colonies that they form. However, microorganisms often form communities called biofilms which can have properties that very different from their planktonic predecessors. Biofilms are mucoid aggregates of microorganisms which tend to grow on surfaces exposed to …


Bisphosphonates And Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw, Chaya Leah Katz Jan 2009

Bisphosphonates And Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw, Chaya Leah Katz

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Bisphosphonate-related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (BRONJ) is a condition which, according to the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (AAOMS), adversely affects between .8-12percent of the population, a small yet significant amount of adults. Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (ONJ) is characterized by the death of bone and suffering patients present with either a non-healing extraction socket or an exposed jawbone. In general, afflicted patients have been treated with a class of drugs known as the Bisphosphonates (BP). Bisphosphonates were originally developed in order to treat and manage many metastatic diseases of the bone and stabilize bone loss caused by …


The Effect Of Exercise On Alzheimer’S Disease, Benjamin Korman Jan 2009

The Effect Of Exercise On Alzheimer’S Disease, Benjamin Korman

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, from which there is no recovery. It begins with impaired memory and judgement and progresses to the point where those affected can no longer care themselves. Although the cause of AD is unknown, two significant abnormalities occur in the brain of its victims: neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques. It has been well established that exercise improves mood and general well-being, however this paper will focus on the effect of exercise on AD. It will show that exercise can improve physical functioning of an individual with AD, however more importantly it will focus …


Rhinoviruses: The Quest For A Cure, Michelle Gordon-Grunin Jan 2009

Rhinoviruses: The Quest For A Cure, Michelle Gordon-Grunin

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Rhinoviruses, also known as Human Rhinovirus, abbreviated HRV, are one of the many causes of the common cold. In fact, around 50 percent of all cold are caused by rhinoviruses, with the other major candidates being coronaviruses, influenza A or B virus, and minor causative agents like parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, and enterovirus (Makela and Puhakka, 1997). However, due to the complex molecular structure of rhinoviruses, a cure for the common cold caused by HRV is still in the making. Several new treatments have been discovered, impacting the virus as different stages of its life, hopefully to prevent …


Gestational Diabetes And Its Effects On The Fetus, Todd Pollack Jan 2009

Gestational Diabetes And Its Effects On The Fetus, Todd Pollack

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Although the common effects of gestational diabetes on the fetus are known, the outcome of a diabetic gestation is ambiguous. There is concern for complications in the fetus at delivery due to enlarged size of the fetus, as well as concerns for birth defects, fetal distress, diabetes and obesity. Yet, although there is a correlation in the previous disorders and gestational diabetes, many of the mechanisms that cause these complications are unknown. By studying the pathology of gestational diabetes, researchers have learnt that the placenta controls fetal growth and provides a great deal of protection for the fetus. Therefore, many …


Botox And Its Effect On Wrinkles, Rochelle Eckstein Jan 2009

Botox And Its Effect On Wrinkles, Rochelle Eckstein

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Clostridia Botulinum (C. Botulinum) is a bacterium that produces a unique exotoxin, botulinum toxin (BTX). BTX induces flaccid muscle paralysis by inhibiting the release of acetylcholine at the cholinergic nerve endings. Recently, Botox, developed from BTX, has become a popular solution to reduce the appearance of hyper-functional facial rhytids. Facial wrinkles are caused by repetitive muscle contraction, and a treatment that directly addresses this will be effective. Injections of Botox temporarily relax or paralyze these muscles. This paper will briefly discuss the bacterial basis of Botox and its development. It will explain how the mechanism of action of BTX can …


Insomnia: Its Causes, Its Consequences, And Its Cures, Shoshana Fried Jan 2009

Insomnia: Its Causes, Its Consequences, And Its Cures, Shoshana Fried

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Insomnia is a complaint that affects almost all Americans at some point throughout their lives. However, only chronic insomnia is truly a disorder. This type of insomnia can be caused by various reasons, whether physiological, molecular, or psychological. This paper will elaborate on a number of possible causes for insomnia. Furthermore, this paper will present some of the many adverse effects that are caused by the sleep deprivation resulting from chronic insomnia. There are many possible treatments available to help against insomnia. This paper will explain 53 some of the behavioral methods. In addition, it will discuss the many different …


Full Issue: Volume 2, Number 1 Spring 2009 Jan 2009

Full Issue: Volume 2, Number 1 Spring 2009

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Complete .pdf file of Volume 2, Number 1 of The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences published Spring 2009.


Glutathione S-Transferase Polymorphisms And Risk Of Bladder Cancer In Thais, Kannika Pradubkaew, Pornpen Pramyothin, Chanin Limwongse, Payiarat Suwannasri, Anunchai Assawamakin Jan 2009

Glutathione S-Transferase Polymorphisms And Risk Of Bladder Cancer In Thais, Kannika Pradubkaew, Pornpen Pramyothin, Chanin Limwongse, Payiarat Suwannasri, Anunchai Assawamakin

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

In this study, we determine the association of glutathione S-transferase Mu-1 gene (G STM1), glutathione S-transferase Pi-1 gene (GSTP1) and glutathione S-transferase Theta-1 gene (GSTT1) polymorphisms and the risk of bladder cancer in Thais. One hundred...


Evaluation Of Antityrosinase And Antioxidant Activities Of Raphanus Sativus Root: Comparison Between Freeze-Dried Juice And Methanolic Extract, Rattanamanee Jakmatakul, Rutt Suttisri, Parkpoom Tengamnuay Jan 2009

Evaluation Of Antityrosinase And Antioxidant Activities Of Raphanus Sativus Root: Comparison Between Freeze-Dried Juice And Methanolic Extract, Rattanamanee Jakmatakul, Rutt Suttisri, Parkpoom Tengamnuay

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Two types of extracts (freeze-dried juice and methanolic extract) from the root of Thai radish (Raphanus sativus L.) were evaluated for antityrosinase and antioxidant activities to determine their potential as a skin-whitening and anti-aging agent in cos...


Effects Of Longan Seed Extract On Scopolamine-Induced Learning And Memory Deficit In Mice, Nattanan Losuwannarak, Cholatit Pasadhika, Mayuree H. Tantisira, Boonyong Tantisira Jan 2009

Effects Of Longan Seed Extract On Scopolamine-Induced Learning And Memory Deficit In Mice, Nattanan Losuwannarak, Cholatit Pasadhika, Mayuree H. Tantisira, Boonyong Tantisira

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Longan (Euphoria longana) seed is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant which has been claimed to have positive effect on deficit in learning and memory. In this study, the effects of crude ethanolic extracts of longan seed on learning and memory impairm...


Downstreaming And Purification Of Lovastatin From Monascus Purpureus Culture, Ajaz Ahmad, Bibhu Prasad, Shamshir Khan, Mohd. All, Saleem Javed Jan 2009

Downstreaming And Purification Of Lovastatin From Monascus Purpureus Culture, Ajaz Ahmad, Bibhu Prasad, Shamshir Khan, Mohd. All, Saleem Javed

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Lovastatin, an inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase was produced using M onascus purpureus strain. A new extraction procedure was applied which yielded 737mg of lovastatin per liter of synthetic medium from in to to culture. Purification of extracted lovastati...


Pharmaceutically Equivalent Parenteral Depot Suspension Of Methyl Prednisolone Acetate, A. Alam, J. Ali, A. Ahuja, S. Baboota, S.K. Gidwani, Y.S. Bhide, F. Shakeel Jan 2009

Pharmaceutically Equivalent Parenteral Depot Suspension Of Methyl Prednisolone Acetate, A. Alam, J. Ali, A. Ahuja, S. Baboota, S.K. Gidwani, Y.S. Bhide, F. Shakeel

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

The aim of the present study was to formulate and evaluate pharmaceutically equivalent injectable aqueous suspension for parenteral depot of methyl prednisolone acetate (MPA). Various aqueous suspensions were prepared by rapid stirring and colloid millin...


Acute Oral Toxicity Studies Of Antipsoriatic Herbal Mixture Comprising Of Aqueous Extracts Of Calendula Officinalis, Momordica Charantia, Cassia Tora And Azadirachta Indica Seed Oil, Roopashree Ts, Raman Dang, Shobha Rani Rh, Narendra C Jan 2009

Acute Oral Toxicity Studies Of Antipsoriatic Herbal Mixture Comprising Of Aqueous Extracts Of Calendula Officinalis, Momordica Charantia, Cassia Tora And Azadirachta Indica Seed Oil, Roopashree Ts, Raman Dang, Shobha Rani Rh, Narendra C

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Aqueous extracts of Calendula officinalis, Momordica charantia, Cassia tora and A zadirachta indica seed oil have been used individually for treating skin diseases such as psoriasis in traditional system of medicine. Though the individual herbal extracts...


Flavonoid Glycosides From The Leaves Of Uvaria Rufa With Advanced Glycation End-Products Inhibitory Activity, Khanittha Deepralard, Kazuko Kawanishi, Masataka Moriyasu, Thitima Pengsuparp, Rutt Suttisri Jan 2009

Flavonoid Glycosides From The Leaves Of Uvaria Rufa With Advanced Glycation End-Products Inhibitory Activity, Khanittha Deepralard, Kazuko Kawanishi, Masataka Moriyasu, Thitima Pengsuparp, Rutt Suttisri

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Prolonged hyperglycemia in diabetic patients leads to the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in their body tissues, which contribute to the development and progression of diabetic complications and aging. Preliminary screening of the eth...


Effects Of The Standard Extract Of Centella Asiatica (Eca233) On Rat Hepatic Cytochrome P450, Kornphimol Kulthong, Mayuree H., Nuansri Niwattisaiwong, Khemchat Apipalakul, Songpol Chevapat, Somsong Lawanprasert Jan 2009

Effects Of The Standard Extract Of Centella Asiatica (Eca233) On Rat Hepatic Cytochrome P450, Kornphimol Kulthong, Mayuree H., Nuansri Niwattisaiwong, Khemchat Apipalakul, Songpol Chevapat, Somsong Lawanprasert

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Centella asiatica (L.) Urban (Umbelliferae) has been used traditionally in various diseases. The aim of this study was to examine subchronic effects of the standard extract of c. asiatica (ECa233) on hepatic xenobiotic/drug metabolizing enzymes, particul...


Floating Matrix Tablets Of Domperidone: Formulation And Optimization Using Simplex Lattice Design, Shailesh T. Prajapati, Laxmanbhai D., Chhaganbhai N. Patel Jan 2009

Floating Matrix Tablets Of Domperidone: Formulation And Optimization Using Simplex Lattice Design, Shailesh T. Prajapati, Laxmanbhai D., Chhaganbhai N. Patel

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

One method of achieving sustained drug release is by the use of hydrophilic polymeric excipients directly compressed with active ingredients into tablets. Hydrophilic polymers swell in the presence of water to form hydrogel structures from which drugs ar...


Simultaneous Spectrophotometric Determination Of Carbidopa And Levodopa By Partial Least Squares Regression, Principal Component Regression And Least Squares Support Vector Machine Methods, Kuldeep Kaur, Ashok Kumar, Baldev Singh, M. Godarzi Jan 2009

Simultaneous Spectrophotometric Determination Of Carbidopa And Levodopa By Partial Least Squares Regression, Principal Component Regression And Least Squares Support Vector Machine Methods, Kuldeep Kaur, Ashok Kumar, Baldev Singh, M. Godarzi

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Three chemometric methods; partial least squares regression (PLS), principal component regression (PCR) and least-squares support vector machines (LS-SVM) were applied for simultaneous determination of carbidopa and levodopa in synthetic mixtures and rea...


Screening Of Antifungal Activities Of Barks Of Cinnamomum Species, M. Maridass Jan 2009

Screening Of Antifungal Activities Of Barks Of Cinnamomum Species, M. Maridass

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Antifungal activity of the essential oil from Cinnamomum species have been evaluated in this present study. Essential oils were collected through hydro distillation for 4 h from barks of C. sulphuratum, C. walaiwarense, C. travancoricum and C. malabatrum...


Author Index, Keyword Index, N/A Jan 2009

Author Index, Keyword Index, N/A

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

No abstract provided.