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Effect Of Increasing Urea Level In Protein Supplements On Performance By Beef Cows Consuming Low-Quality Tallgrass-Prairie Forage, H.H. Köster, R.C. Cochran, E.S. Vanzant, K. C. Olson, Timothy J. Jones, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Effect Of Increasing Urea Level In Protein Supplements On Performance By Beef Cows Consuming Low-Quality Tallgrass-Prairie Forage, H.H. Köster, R.C. Cochran, E.S. Vanzant, K. C. Olson, Timothy J. Jones, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Ninety pregnant Angus Hereford cows consuming low-quality, tallgrass-prairie hay were used to evaluate the influence of changing the amount of supplemental degradable intake protein (DIP) derived from urea on body weight and body condition changes, pregnancy rate, and calf performance. Supplemental treatment groups were: 0, 20, and 40% of the supplemental DIP from urea. Supplements were formulated to contain 30% CP . When sufficient DIP was offered to prepartum cows to maximize DOMI, urea could replace up to 40% of the DIP in a high-protein (30%) supplement without causing problems of supplement palatability. However, trends in body weight and condition …
Effect Of Increasing Urea Level In Protein Supplements On Intake And Digestion Of Low-Quality Tallgrass-Prairie Forage By Beef Steers, H.H. Köster, R.C. Cochran, E.S. Vanzant, G. St Jean, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Effect Of Increasing Urea Level In Protein Supplements On Intake And Digestion Of Low-Quality Tallgrass-Prairie Forage By Beef Steers, H.H. Köster, R.C. Cochran, E.S. Vanzant, G. St Jean, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Twelve ruminally fistulated steers were used to evaluate the effect of changing the proportion of supplemental degradable intake protein (DIP) derived from urea on forage intake and digestion. Steers had ad libitum access to a low-quality tallgrass-prairie hay. Supplemental treatment groups were: 1) 0% of the supplemental DIP from urea, 2) 20% of the supplemental DIP from urea, and 3) 40% of the supplemental DIP from urea. Supplements were formulated to contain 30% CP and were fed with prairie hay once daily. Results from this study indicated that urea can replace up to 40% of the supplemental DIP without affecting …
Effects Of Postweaning Management System And Breed On Growth And Carcass Traits, K.M. Andries, R.R. Schalles, D.E. Franke, Michael E. Dikeman
Effects Of Postweaning Management System And Breed On Growth And Carcass Traits, K.M. Andries, R.R. Schalles, D.E. Franke, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Data from 5 years of a long-term, rotational, crossbreeding project were used to calculate heritabilities and correlations and to make breed comparisons for growth rate and carcass traits in two different postweaning management systems. The traits studied were weight per day of age, hot carcass weight, ribeye area, marbling score, and days of age at slaughter. One group was placed on full feed after weaning. A second group underwent a backgrounding phase for 7 months at Louisiana State University before being placed on feed at KSU. The breeds involved were Angus, Brahman, Charolais, Hereford, Simmental, and Gelbvieh. Differences in heritabilities …
Fate Of Fumonisins In Cattle Fed Contaminated Feed, R.A. Thakur, N. Wallace, J. Scott Smith, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja
Fate Of Fumonisins In Cattle Fed Contaminated Feed, R.A. Thakur, N. Wallace, J. Scott Smith, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Fumonisins are water-soluble carcinogenic mycotoxins produced by many species of Fusarium molds. Fumonisins occur widely in corn, making them a problem in corn-based feed. Their toxicity has been established in many species. However, their effects on cattle and the potential of carryover to the human diet through beef has not been studied extensively. A 30-day cattle feeding study was conducted by feeding fumonisin-contaminated corn grits dosed at 400 g/g fumonisin B1 (FB1) and 130 g/g fumonisin B2 (FB2) to 3 steers averaging 480 lb. Premortem analysis involved urinalysis; tests for liver functionality; and analysis of the blood, urine, and feces …
Bacterial Flora Of Liver Abscesses From Feedlot Cattle Fed With Or Without Tylosin, A.B. Beharka, L.H. Carroll, A.P. Raun, S.B. Laudert, J.C. Parrott, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja, M. M. Chengappa
Bacterial Flora Of Liver Abscesses From Feedlot Cattle Fed With Or Without Tylosin, A.B. Beharka, L.H. Carroll, A.P. Raun, S.B. Laudert, J.C. Parrott, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja, M. M. Chengappa
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Fusobacterium necrophorum was the predominant bacterial isolate from liver abscesses of feedlot cattle fed with or without tylosin. The major difference in the bacterial flora of liver abscesses between cattle groups was the higher incidence of Actinomyces pyogenes in the tylosin-fed cattle. Because the minimum inhibitory concentration of tylosin was not different between bacterial isolates from cattle in the two treatments, we concluded that continuous feeding of tylosin does not induce resistance. The source of A. pyogenes infection and significance of A. pyogenes interaction with F. necrophorum in tylosin-fed cattle are not known.
The Effect Of Implants On Gain Of Steers And Heifers Grazing Native Grass, F.K. Brazle
The Effect Of Implants On Gain Of Steers And Heifers Grazing Native Grass, F.K. Brazle
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Four trials were con ducted to determine the effect of different implants on steers and heifers grazing native grass pastures for different lengths of time. In addition, two groups of steers were followed through a feeding period to determine if previous implanting had a residual effect on gain. The implanted (Ralgrofi, Ralgrofi Magnum , Synovex Sfi) steers gained faster than the controls; however, no differences in gain occurred among implants. In the finishing group that went on grass at 687 lb, implants had no effect on subsequent feedlot gain. In the second group (on grass at 569 lb and grazing …
Effect Of Feeding Rumen-Protected Lysine With Different Levels Of Soybean Meal To Growing Steers, R.H. Wessels, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Effect Of Feeding Rumen-Protected Lysine With Different Levels Of Soybean Meal To Growing Steers, R.H. Wessels, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
To test the efficacy of rumen-protected lysine and methionine, six steers (486 lb) were used in a 6 4 incomplete Latin square design and fed corn-urea diets (85% concentrate) alone or supplemented with 2 or 4% soybean meal to give dietary crude protein levels of 12.5, 13.2, and 14.0% (as fed-basis). Each diet was fed with or without 5 g/day Smartamine-ML (rumen-protected lysine and methionine). Steers were fed to gain 2.6 lb/day. Nitrogen retention increased linearly, from 30.7 g/day (0% soy) to 35.5 g/day (4% soy) as the level of soybean meal and, thus, crude protein, increased in the diet. …
Steam Pasteurization Of Beef Carcasses, D.E. Schafer, R.K. Prasai, Abbey L. Nutsch, Randall K. Phebus, John R. Wolf, John A. Unruh, Curtis L. Kastner
Steam Pasteurization Of Beef Carcasses, D.E. Schafer, R.K. Prasai, Abbey L. Nutsch, Randall K. Phebus, John R. Wolf, John A. Unruh, Curtis L. Kastner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
This research evaluated the effectiveness of a newly patented steam-pasteurization process for reducing bacterial populations on the surfaces of freshly slaughtered beef carcasses. The process was developed jointly by Frigoscandia Food Processing Systems (Bellevue, WA) and Excel Corp. (Wichita, KS), a division of Cargill (Minneapolis, MN). In laboratory studies, portions of prerigor beef carcasses inoculated with very high levels of three pathogens, Salmonella, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Listeria, were treated in a prototype steam-pasteurization chamber, which effectively eliminated at least 99.9% of all three pathogens and was most effective when used in combination with other standard commercial decontamination methods. The …
Sensory Traits, Color, And Shelf Life Of Low-Dose Irradiated Beef Steaks, S.E. Luchsinger, Donald H. Kropf, C.M. Garc A Zepeda, James L. Marsden, Melvin C. Hunt, M.E. Hollingsworth, Sally L. Stroda, Edgar Chambers, Curtis L. Kastner
Sensory Traits, Color, And Shelf Life Of Low-Dose Irradiated Beef Steaks, S.E. Luchsinger, Donald H. Kropf, C.M. Garc A Zepeda, James L. Marsden, Melvin C. Hunt, M.E. Hollingsworth, Sally L. Stroda, Edgar Chambers, Curtis L. Kastner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Irradiation had minimal effects on flavor and texture of frozen or chilled vacuum-packaged boneless beef steaks. A dose level of 3.5 kilograys (kGy) reduced beef aroma in chilled steaks. Irradiation did not influence internal or external cooked color, most raw color traits, cooking loss, pH, oxidative rancidity, or Warner-Bratzler shear force in chilled or frozen boneless steaks. PVC-wrapped controls were less red than irradiated steaks after 5 days of display. Exposure to oxygen by repackaging into oxygen-permeable film increased oxidative rancidity after display. Vacuum-packaging, in combination with irradiation, enables boneless beef steaks to be stored and/or displayed up to 28 …
Timing Of Gain Does Not Alter Puberty And Reproductive Performance Of Beef Heifers Fed A High-Roughage Diet, J.M. Lynch, G.C. Lamb, B.L. Miller, J. Ernest Minton, R.C. Cochran, Robert T. Brandt
Timing Of Gain Does Not Alter Puberty And Reproductive Performance Of Beef Heifers Fed A High-Roughage Diet, J.M. Lynch, G.C. Lamb, B.L. Miller, J. Ernest Minton, R.C. Cochran, Robert T. Brandt
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Eighty crossbred heifers (549 lb initial body weight) were developed in drylot and limit-fed a forage sorghum silage diet predicted to produce gains of either 1 lb/day for the entire developmental period (EVENGAIN) or .25 lb/day for the first two-thirds of the period followed by 2 lb/day during the last third (LATEGAIN). Treatments began on November 7, 1994 and continued until April 24, 1995 (onset of the breeding season). Actual daily gains over the entire feeding period averaged 1.18 and 1.10 lb/day for EVENGAIN and LATEGAIN heifers, respectively. Age and weight at puberty were not affected by feeding treatment. Body …
Comparisons Among Crossbred Beef Cattle For Growth And Carcass Traits, K.M. Andries, R.R. Schalles, D.E. Franke, Michael E. Dikeman
Comparisons Among Crossbred Beef Cattle For Growth And Carcass Traits, K.M. Andries, R.R. Schalles, D.E. Franke, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Data from 5 years of a long-term, rotational crossbreeding project were used to compare breeds for growth and carcass traits. The traits of interest were direct and maternal birth and weaning weights, gain on feed, hot carcass weight, ribeye area, marbling score, and slaughter age. Angus, Brahman, Hereford, Charolais, Simmental, and Gelbvieh breeds were involved. Simmental and Gelbvieh were used as terminal breeds, so maternal effects were not calculated for them. Brahman breeding caused an increased direct birth weight of the calves, but the maternal influence of Brahman decreased birth weight. No difference occurred in maternal weaning weight among the …
Inheritance Of The "Rat-Tail" Syndrome, R.R. Schalles
Inheritance Of The "Rat-Tail" Syndrome, R.R. Schalles
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A form of congenital hypotrichosis, commonly known as rat-tail, is characterized by the colored hair anywhere on the body being short, curly, malformed, and sometimes sparse and an abnormal tail switch. The "rat-tail" syndrome is controlled by interaction between two loci. Cattle that express this syndrome must have at least one gene for black color and be heterozygous at the other locus involved.
The Influence Of Various Levels Of Supplemental Starch And Degradable Intake Protein On Prairie Hay Intake And Digestion By Beef Steers, R.C. Cochran, E.S. Vanzant, Evan C. Titgemeyer, Timothy J. Jones, K. C. Olson
The Influence Of Various Levels Of Supplemental Starch And Degradable Intake Protein On Prairie Hay Intake And Digestion By Beef Steers, R.C. Cochran, E.S. Vanzant, Evan C. Titgemeyer, Timothy J. Jones, K. C. Olson
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A study was conducted to determine the effect of varying the amount of supplemental degradable intake protein (DIP) and starch on prairie hay intake and digestibility. In general, DIP increased forage intake, whereas starch decreased intake. Diet digestibility also improved with increasing DIP; however, the effect of starch on digestion depended on the level of feeding. Digestible dry matter intake (which estimates total energy input) responded dramatically to DIP but not to starch. These results illustrate the positive effect of DIP on forage intake and digestibility; however, supplying additional starch within a DIP level appeared to have minimal effect on …
Assessing Nutrient Composition And Digestibility Of Tallgrass-Prairie Hay, R.C. Cochran, K. C. Olson, Evan C. Titgemeyer, Timothy J. Jones
Assessing Nutrient Composition And Digestibility Of Tallgrass-Prairie Hay, R.C. Cochran, K. C. Olson, Evan C. Titgemeyer, Timothy J. Jones
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Thirteen steers were used in a 4 13 incomplete Latin square to determine chemical composition and digestibility for 13 samples of tallgrass prairie hay. Hays were collected from a variety of locations in east-central Kansas and represented a wide array of harvest dates and storage conditions. Steers were fed prairie hay and soybean meal at 1.5% and .2% of body weight, respectively, to equalize intakes relative to body weight and prevent degradable intake protein (DIP) from limiting extent of digestion. Prairie hay samples were analyze d for N, ADIN, ADF, NDF, ADIA, monosaccharides (sugars), and alkali-labile phenolic acids (lignin components). …
Agronomic And Silage Quality Traits Of Winter Cereals, M.K. Siefers, G.L. Huck, J.E. Turner, J.S. Pendergraft, K.K. Bolsen, Matthew A. Young
Agronomic And Silage Quality Traits Of Winter Cereals, M.K. Siefers, G.L. Huck, J.E. Turner, J.S. Pendergraft, K.K. Bolsen, Matthew A. Young
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Agronomic and silage quality traits were examined for 12 winter cereals harvested at two stages of maturity. Forage dry matter (DM) yields were higher at the mid-dough than the early-heading stage. Post 90 barley had the highest whole-plant DM yield at the early-heading stage, and Presto triticale had the highest yield at the mid-dough stage. Newton wheat had the lowest whole-plant DM yield at both stages of maturity. The first cutting of all varieties originally was intended to be at the late-boot stage, but harvest was delayed by frequent rainfall and wet soils in May, and field-wilting conditions were less …
Effect Of Bacterial Inoculants On The Fermentation Of Alfalfa Silages, K.K. Bolsen, D.R. Bonilla, R.A. Hart-Thakur, Matthew A. Young
Effect Of Bacterial Inoculants On The Fermentation Of Alfalfa Silages, K.K. Bolsen, D.R. Bonilla, R.A. Hart-Thakur, Matthew A. Young
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The efficacy of 13 commercial bacterial silage inoculants was evaluated on 3rd and 4th cutting alfalfa. All inoculants supplied at least 100,000 colony-forming units (cfu) of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) per gram of ensiled crop, and each inoculant increased the rate and efficiency of the ensiling process. Inoculated alfalfa silages had lower pH values; higher lactic acid contents; and lower acetic acid, ethanol, and ammonia-nitrogen contents than control (untreated) silages. The addition of dextrose (fermentable substrate) in combination with a bacterial inoculant improved the quality of the fermentation phase in both cuttings of alfalfa.
Injection-Site Reactions From Clostridial Vaccines: A Critical Control Point?, B.J. Mcfarlane, Gerald L. Stokka, R. Basaraba
Injection-Site Reactions From Clostridial Vaccines: A Critical Control Point?, B.J. Mcfarlane, Gerald L. Stokka, R. Basaraba
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
One 550 lb steer was injected subcutaneously twice, once on each side of the neck, with 5 milliliters of Ultrabac 7 ficlostridial vaccine with a new 16 gauge, 3/4 inch needle. The injections were given 30 days and 36 hours prior to euthanasia, at which time the two resultant lesions were collected. The lesions were evaluated for tissue damage, and physical descriptors were recorded. The 36-hour injection caused an acute lesion with higher than normal levels of neutrophils and erythrocytes in its center. Within the surrounding skeletal muscle, levels of fibrin and edem a fluid were increased, causing separation of …
Using Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy For Rapid Nutrient Evaluation Of Sorghum Silage, K.J. Budiongo, L.H. Harbers, B.W. Seabourn, K.K. Bolsen, B.E. Brent
Using Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy For Rapid Nutrient Evaluation Of Sorghum Silage, K.J. Budiongo, L.H. Harbers, B.W. Seabourn, K.K. Bolsen, B.E. Brent
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
This research was designed to develop a set of prediction equations to measure nutrient composition of Kansas sorghum silages by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS). Because sorghum silages are highly variable in grain content, we included a large number of cultivars to develop a robust set of equations for dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber. The results indicate that NIRS analysis of sorghum silages is feasible.
Supplementing Growing Holstein Steers Fed A Corn-Urea Diet With A Mixture Of Essential Amino Acids Increases Performance, R.H. Wessels, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Supplementing Growing Holstein Steers Fed A Corn-Urea Diet With A Mixture Of Essential Amino Acids Increases Performance, R.H. Wessels, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Six ruminally cannulated Holstein steers (550 lb) implanted with Revalor-S were infused abomasally with water or a mixture of six amino acids in a crossover experiment (two 14-day periods) to evaluate effects on nitrogen balance. The mixture was comprised of amino acids that potentially may be limiting in lightweight steers, namely (g/day): lysine (5.3), methionine (3.3), threonine (3.2), tryptophan (1 .0), histidine (2.1), and arginine (5.5). Steers were fed at levels just below ad libitum intake. The diet contained 86% rolled corn, 10% prairie hay, 3% mineral and vitamin premixes, and 1% urea (as-fed). Amino acid infusion increased nitrogen retention …
Natural Degradable Protein And Roughage Type For Implanted Finishing Steers Fed Dry-Rolled Corn Diets, C.T. Milton, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Gerry L. Kuhl, Evan C. Titgemeyer, James S. Drouillard
Natural Degradable Protein And Roughage Type For Implanted Finishing Steers Fed Dry-Rolled Corn Diets, C.T. Milton, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Gerry L. Kuhl, Evan C. Titgemeyer, James S. Drouillard
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Three hundred eighty-four crossbred, yearling steers (810 lb) were used to evaluate soybean meal (SBM), sunflower meal (SFM), and combinations of the two as protein supplements and supplemental protein effects in diets containing silage or alfalfa as dietary roughage. All diets contained 1.0% urea (dry matter basis). An additional 2 percentage units of crude protein were either not provided or provided as SBM, SFM, or a 50:50 combination (protein basis) of SBM and SFM. Steers were implanted with Revalor-Sfi and fed experimental diets for 126 days. No interactions between protein supplementation and roughage source were observed. Daily feed intake and …
Effect Of Monensin On Grain Bloat In Cattle, M.L. Coe, N. Wallace, Kenneth E. Kemp, J.C. Parrott, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja
Effect Of Monensin On Grain Bloat In Cattle, M.L. Coe, N. Wallace, Kenneth E. Kemp, J.C. Parrott, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Twelve ruminally cannulated Holstein steers were used to determine the effect of monensin (0, 20, 30, and 40 g/ton) on grain bloat. Steers were fed a bloat-provocative, high-grain diet at 1% of body weight twice daily. Monensin premix was added directly to individual steers diets at the time of feeding. The severity of bloat was scored daily on a scale of 0 (no bloat) to 5 (severe bloat). The scoring was based on the degree of frothiness and abdominal distention. Bloat scores (mean of wk 2, 3, and 4) were lower (P<.0l) for monensin-fed steers than for the controls. The mean bloat scores were 1.43, 1.18, 1.00, and .93 for 0, 20, 30 and 40 g/ton monensin, respectively. Total gas production during in vitro ruminal fermentation tended to be higher (P=.12) for control than for monensin-fed steers. Ruminal pH and total volatile fatty acid concentrations were unaffected by treatment. Monensin decreased frothy bloat caused by the bloat-provocative diet, and the degree of control appeared to be greater with higher levels of monensin.
Effect Of Implantation And Melengestrol Acetate Feeding On Blood Serum Profiles And Performance Of Heifers, Robert T. Brandt Jr., C.T. Milton, N. Campbell, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Effect Of Implantation And Melengestrol Acetate Feeding On Blood Serum Profiles And Performance Of Heifers, Robert T. Brandt Jr., C.T. Milton, N. Campbell, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Payout characteristics of Revalor-H and Finaplix-H were measured in 30 heifers (678 pounds) assigned to one of six treatments: 1) negative control, 2) melengestrol acetate (MGA) (.5 mg/hd/d), 3) Finaplix-Hfi, 4) Finaplix-H + MGA, 5) Revalor-Hfi, and 6) Revalor-H + MGA. Blood samples were collected by jugular puncture on days 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 13, 21, 28, 42, 56, 84, 112, and 140. Following implantation with either Revalor-H or Finaplix-H, serum trenbolone (TB) increased markedly at 1 and 3 days after implantation, then decreased through day 42. A second peak in serum TB was observed on day 56. Between …
Sensory Traits, Color, And Shelf Life Of Low-Dose Irradiated, Raw, Ground Beef Patties, S.E. Luchsinger, Donald H. Kropf, C.M. Garc A Zepeda, James L. Marsden, Melvin C. Hunt, M.E. Hollingsworth, Sally L. Stroda, Edgar Chambers, Curtis L. Kastner
Sensory Traits, Color, And Shelf Life Of Low-Dose Irradiated, Raw, Ground Beef Patties, S.E. Luchsinger, Donald H. Kropf, C.M. Garc A Zepeda, James L. Marsden, Melvin C. Hunt, M.E. Hollingsworth, Sally L. Stroda, Edgar Chambers, Curtis L. Kastner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Irradiation of raw ground beef patties had minimal effects on flavor and aroma of patties after cooking. Oxidative rancidity increased when patties were irradiated in aerobic but not in vacuum packages. Irradiation of vacuum-packaged ground beef patties produced a more stable color. In both packaging types, irradiation significantly reduced microbial growth during storage.
Variation In And Effects Of Prefabrication Fat Trimming On Yields And Prediction Equation Accuracies Of Retail Product And Fat Trim, L.V. Cundiff, K.E. Gregory, Kenneth E. Kemp, R.M. Koch, Michael E. Dikeman
Variation In And Effects Of Prefabrication Fat Trimming On Yields And Prediction Equation Accuracies Of Retail Product And Fat Trim, L.V. Cundiff, K.E. Gregory, Kenneth E. Kemp, R.M. Koch, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Carcass data from one side of 1,149 steers born from 1986 to 1990 were analyzed to develop means for carcass traits and retail product percentage by yield grades. Carcasses from 610 of these steers born from 1988 to 1990 were fabricated to two fat trim levels (.30 and .00 in.), with subcutaneous fat and intermuscular (internal) fat weighed separately. Subcutaneous fat from the primal round, loin, rib, chuck, brisket, and flank in excess of .30 in. plus the kidney knob were considered to constitute an industry "˜hot-fat trim equivalent' (HFTE). Quadratic regression curves were plotted for percent retail product (RP) …
In Vitro Estimation Of Ruminal Protein Degradability Of Forages, I.E.O. Abdelgadir, R.C. Cochran, E.S. Vanzant, Evan C. Titgemeyer
In Vitro Estimation Of Ruminal Protein Degradability Of Forages, I.E.O. Abdelgadir, R.C. Cochran, E.S. Vanzant, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Ruminal degradation of alfalfa and prairie hay protein was estimated using a proteolytic enzyme from Streptomyces griseus with or without pretreatment with cellulase or a broad spectrum carbohydrase (driselase). Estimates of the undegradable intake protein (UIP) as a percentage of total protein derived from the protease alone were higher than that measured in the animal (i.e., in vivo). Pretreatment of hay samples with cellulase (48 h incubation) or driselase improved the accuracy of UIP predictions compared with those determined using the protease alone.
Improving Silage Quality, K.K. Bolsen, B.E. Brent, M.K. Siefers, G.L. Huck, J.E. Turner, Matthew A. Young
Improving Silage Quality, K.K. Bolsen, B.E. Brent, M.K. Siefers, G.L. Huck, J.E. Turner, Matthew A. Young
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Results at Kansas State University from over 200 laboratory-scale trials and 28 farm-scale trials showed that bacterial inoculants consistently improved preservation efficiency and nutritive value of the ensiled material. In contrast, anhydrous ammonia or urea decreased dry matter recovery and production per ton of crop ensiled. Economic analysis also favored the use of bacterial inoculants over nonprotein nitrogen additives. Research conducted using corn, sorghum, and alfalfa silages showed that sealing the exposed surface dramatically reduced top spoilage losses in bunker, trench, or stack silos.
Performance Of Finishing Steers Offered Magnesium-Mica In The Feedlot Ration, K.P. Coffey, F.K. Brazle
Performance Of Finishing Steers Offered Magnesium-Mica In The Feedlot Ration, K.P. Coffey, F.K. Brazle
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Forty-eight mixed-breed steers from two sources were used in a 141-day feedlot study to compare a control ration (C) with a ration containing magnesium-mica (MM; 9 lb/ton). No diet cattle source interactions were detected. Steer gain, efficiency, and cost of gain did not differ (P>.10) between diets. Marbling score tended (P<.10) to be greater and the percentage of cattle grading USDA Choice and net carcass value were greater (P<.05) for steers fed MM. Feeding MM in a feedlot ration may have a substantial economic impact on feedlot cattle.
Summary Of Grazing Research On Kansas Conservation Reserve Program Land, Michael R. Langemeier, P.D. Ohlenbusch
Summary Of Grazing Research On Kansas Conservation Reserve Program Land, Michael R. Langemeier, P.D. Ohlenbusch
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Animal performance and the net return per acre for four CRP research sites in Kansas in 1994 and 1995 were examined. Both mowing and prescribed burning increased animal performance in 1994. Mowing was economically feasible on one of the four sites. Prescribed burning was economically feasible on three of four sites. Mowing or burning treatments were not repeated in 1995, the second year of the analysis. Second-year animal performance was similar between the untreated plots and those that were mowed or burned in 1994. Net returns per acre for the site that was grazed by cow-calf pairs ranged from -$5.96 …
Effect Of A Propionic Acid Bacterial Inoculant On Fermentation And Aerobic Stability Of Whole-Plant Corn Silage, K.K. Bolsen, D.R. Bonilla, G.L. Huck, R.A. Hart-Thakur, Matthew A. Young
Effect Of A Propionic Acid Bacterial Inoculant On Fermentation And Aerobic Stability Of Whole-Plant Corn Silage, K.K. Bolsen, D.R. Bonilla, G.L. Huck, R.A. Hart-Thakur, Matthew A. Young
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The effects of a strain of Propionibacterium shermanii, applied with and without lactic acid bacteria (LAB), on the fermentation and aerobic stability of whole-plant corn silage was determined using laboratory-scale silos. The addition of LAB increased the rate of fermentation, and all inoculated silages underwent a more efficient ensiling process than control silage. Only silages made with P. shermanii had measurable levels of propionic acid in the 90-day silages. Corn silages made with P. shermanii were more stable when exposed to air than control or LAB-inoculated silages.
Sensory Traits, Color, And Shelf Life Of Low-Dose Irradiated, Precooked, Ground Beef Patties, S.E. Luchsinger, Donald H. Kropf, C.M. Garc A Zepeda, James L. Marsden, Melvin C. Hunt, M.E. Hollingsworth, Sally L. Stroda, Edgar Chambers, Curtis L. Kastner
Sensory Traits, Color, And Shelf Life Of Low-Dose Irradiated, Precooked, Ground Beef Patties, S.E. Luchsinger, Donald H. Kropf, C.M. Garc A Zepeda, James L. Marsden, Melvin C. Hunt, M.E. Hollingsworth, Sally L. Stroda, Edgar Chambers, Curtis L. Kastner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Irradiation did not influence bitter, bloody, burnt, chemical, fat-like, juiciness, liver-like, beef identity, metallic, rancid, sour, sweet, and toughness flavor/textural attributes, beef aroma, or off-odor in precooked ground beef patties. Irradiation slightly increased the animal hair flavor note, but intensity levels were<1 on the 15-point sensory scale. Except for 10% fat non-irradiated controls, reheated precooked patties had a slight sour, ammonia-like, top note. Irradiation at 3.5 kilograys (kGy) increased external redness in vacuum-packaged patties, but not in aerobic packages. Aerobic packaging with or without irradiation decreased external precooked redness. Oxidative rancidity increased when patties were irradiated in aerobic but not in vacuum packages. Reduction of oxygen in vacuum bags extended the shelf life of the precooked ground beef patties, at least in terms of oxidative rancidity. Precooking ground beef patties, irrespective of irradiation or packaging type, posed sensory disadvantages, and improvements to the precooking process are needed before irradiating at low-dose levels is appropriate.