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- Biological Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (5)
- Fisheries Science Peer-Reviewed Articles (5)
- Aquatic Health Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (4)
- Physical Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (3)
- CCRM Peer Reviewed Articles (1)
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- Crassostrea Virginica; Heat Shock Protein; Hsp70; Perkinsus Marinus; Seasonal Variation (1)
- Crassostrea Virginica; Perkinsus Marinus; Dermo; Disease Resistance; Condition Index; Energy Reserves; Oyster (1)
- DOC; DON; DOP; BGE; phototransformation; bacterial bioassays (1)
- Hard Clam; Mercenaria Mercenaria; Habitat; Substrate; Chesapeake Bay (1)
- Marine snow; fragmentation; disaggregation; solubilization; remineralization; attached bacteria (1)
- Oyster Reef; Crassostrea Virginica; Chesapeake Bay; James River (1)
- PARTICULATE ORGANIC-CARBON; RATING CURVES; LANYANG-HSI; LOADS; DISCHARGE; TRANSPORT; DELIVERY; VARIABILITY; CALIFORNIA; EROSION (1)
- Pacific Oyster; Crassostrea Gigas Genome Sequence; Lophotrochozoa; Nucleotide Diversity; Evolutionary And Ecological; Genomics (1)
- Perkinsus Marinus; Subtilisin; Serine Protease; Real-Time Pcr; Crassostrea Virginica; Crassostrea Gigas; Crassostrea Ariakensis; Crassotrea (1)
- Recruitment; Ocean Quahog; Arctica; Fisheries Management; Size-Frequency Distribution (1)
- Sea turtle fisheries interactions; bait color; sea turtle bycatch mitigation (1)
- Veined Rapa Whelk; Rapana Venosa; Range Extension; Chesapeake Bay; Salinity Tolerance; Tangier Sound; James River; Cape Henry; Biological Invasion (1)
Articles 1 - 16 of 16
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Revision Of The Genus Bdellamaris (Hirudinea : Piscicolidae) Including A New Combination, Bdellamaris Manteri, J Williams, E Burreson
Revision Of The Genus Bdellamaris (Hirudinea : Piscicolidae) Including A New Combination, Bdellamaris Manteri, J Williams, E Burreson
VIMS Articles
The New Zealand fish leech genus Bdellamaris was revised and a redescription of the type species, Bdellamaris eptatreti, was made using material from Eptatretus cirrhatus, the type host for B. eptatreti. Since the holotype has been lost and paratypes exist only in the form. of frontal sections of approximately one third of a leech, a neotype was designated. Individuals in Bdellamaris lack eyes, ocelli, and conducting tissue and possess 11 pairs of pulsatile vesicles, 6 pairs of testisacs, accessory gland cells on the terminal portion of the male reproductive system, and a seminal receptacle. Bdellamaris eptatreti is characterised by a …
Viable Gut Passage Of Cyanobacteria Through The Filter-Feeding Fish Atlantic Menhaden, Brevoortia Tyrannus, Kd Friedland, Dw Ahrenholz, Lw Haas
Viable Gut Passage Of Cyanobacteria Through The Filter-Feeding Fish Atlantic Menhaden, Brevoortia Tyrannus, Kd Friedland, Dw Ahrenholz, Lw Haas
VIMS Articles
We examined the contents of the alimentary tract of juvenile Atlantic menhaden, an obligate filter-feeding fish, with epifluoresence microscopy. All plankton taxa and detrital material observed in plankton samples from the sampling area could also be found in the esophagus of the fish. The corresponding plankton taxa were absent from the pre-feces sampled in the hindgut with the exception of cyanobacteria, which were found intact and fluorescing as they do in nature. The survival of cyanobacteria during gut passage and their presence in menhaden feces may enhance both nutrient availability and the delivery of these cells to the benthos. Additionally, …
Effects Of Sunlight On Decomposition Of Estuarine Dissolved Organic C, N And P And Bacterial Metabolism, Sl Mccallister, Je Bauer, J Kelly, Hw Ducklow
Effects Of Sunlight On Decomposition Of Estuarine Dissolved Organic C, N And P And Bacterial Metabolism, Sl Mccallister, Je Bauer, J Kelly, Hw Ducklow
VIMS Articles
The effects of natural sunlight and microbial decomposition on DOC, DON, and DOP were investigated along the salinity gradient of a temperate coastal plain estuary. The impact of sunlight-irradiated DOM on bacterial properties (bacterial abundance, production, bacterial growth efficiency [BGE]) was also followed. Surface-water light levels resulted in no detectable abiotic production of NH4+ or PO43- or loss of DOC. Bacterial decomposition of DOC was enhanced by 27 to 200 % in irradiated relative to dark treatments. There was, however, no corresponding enhancement in DON and DOP remineralization. Significant differences in bacterial decomposition of light-exposed DOC were frequently observed following …
Veined Rapa Whelk (Rapana Venosa) Range Extensions In The Virginia Waters Of Chesapeake Bay, Usa, Jm Harding, Roger L. Mann
Veined Rapa Whelk (Rapana Venosa) Range Extensions In The Virginia Waters Of Chesapeake Bay, Usa, Jm Harding, Roger L. Mann
VIMS Articles
Three recent range extensions for the Chesapeake Bay, Virginia, veined rapa whelk (Rapana venosa) population are described. These extensions into Tangier Sound, the mid James River estuary, and to Cape Henry at the Bay mouth extend respectively, the northern, western, and southeastern boundaries of the occupied rapa whelk range in Virginia waters. Salinity and tidal circulation mediate the distribution of adults and larvae of this animal. During dry years (e.g., 2001 and 2002) adult rapa whelks may move up-estuary in western tributaries like the James River, given increased salinity and available habitat and food resources. Declines in salinities (or return …
Evidence Of Recent Recruitment In The Ocean Quahog Arctica Islandica In The Mid-Atlantic Bight, En Powell, Roger L. Mann
Evidence Of Recent Recruitment In The Ocean Quahog Arctica Islandica In The Mid-Atlantic Bight, En Powell, Roger L. Mann
VIMS Articles
We report results of a survey explicitly focused on ocean quahog recruitment in the Mid-Atlantic Bight. The recruitment survey resampled all NMFS survey sites south of Hudson Canyon and a selection of sites north and east of Hudson Canyon off the Long Island coast over the entire depth range of this species with the exception of the most inshore reaches off Long Island. More ocean quahogs were encountered, on a per tow basis, in the vicinity of and north of Hudson Canyon. The proportion of recruits in the size-frequency distribution was higher in the south and the most recent recruitment …
Performance Of "Natural Dermo-Resistant" Oyster Stocks-Survival, Disease, Growth, Condition And Energy Reserves, Vg Encomio, Sm Stickler, Standish K. Allen Jr., Fl Chu
Performance Of "Natural Dermo-Resistant" Oyster Stocks-Survival, Disease, Growth, Condition And Energy Reserves, Vg Encomio, Sm Stickler, Standish K. Allen Jr., Fl Chu
VIMS Articles
To determine if natural populations of the eastern oyster possess resistance to Perkinsus marinus, progeny representing several oyster stocks from the Chesapeake Bay and the Gulf of Mexico were deployed at two sites within the Chesapeake Bay. Mortality, P. marinas infection (prevalence and intensity), shell height, condition index, and energy reserves (glycogen, protein, and lipid) were compared between these stocks. Oyster stocks from the Chesapeake Bay had higher intensities of Dermo infection than Louisiana stocks, with differences among individual stocks. Throughout the 2-y study, a natural Dermo-resistant stock from Tangier Sound (CTS), was identified. Despite infection intensities approaching those of …
The Case For Sequencing The Pacific Oyster Genome, D Hedgecock, Pm Gaffney, P Goulletquer, Xm Guo, Kimberly S. Reece, G. Warr
The Case For Sequencing The Pacific Oyster Genome, D Hedgecock, Pm Gaffney, P Goulletquer, Xm Guo, Kimberly S. Reece, G. Warr
VIMS Articles
An international community of biologists presents the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas as a candidate for genome sequencing. This oyster has global distribution and for the past several years the highest annual production of any freshwater or marine organism (4.2 million metric tons, worth $3.5 billion US). Economic and cultural importance of oysters motivates a great deal of biologic research, which provides a compelling rationale for sequencing an oyster genome. Strong rationales for sequencing the oyster genome also come from contrasts to other genomes: membership in the Lophotrochozoa, an understudied branch of the Eukaryotes and high fecundity, with concomitantly high DNA …
Effects Of Physical Fragmentation On Remineralization Of Marine Snow, Sa Goldthwait, Ca Carlson, Gk Henderson, Al Alldredge
Effects Of Physical Fragmentation On Remineralization Of Marine Snow, Sa Goldthwait, Ca Carlson, Gk Henderson, Al Alldredge
VIMS Articles
The vast majority of carbon lost from ocean surface waters sinks as large, relatively rare, marine snow and fecal pellets. Fragmentation of these particles into more slowly sinking daughter particles has been proposed previously to partly explain the rapid loss of sinking carbon below the mixed layer. In this study we investigated 2 other less obvious potential consequences of aggregate disruption, namely the release of dissolved interstitial compounds upon fragmentation and accelerated degradation due to increased particle surface area. We found that upon fragmentation natural marine aggregates, ranging in size from 3 to 6 mm diameter, released dissolved organic carbon …
Food Color And Marine Turtle Feeding Behavior: Can Blue Bait Reduce Turtle Bycatch In Commercial Fisheries?, Y Swimmer, R Arauz, B Higgins, L Mcnaughton, M. Mccracken, J. Ballestero, Richard Brill
Food Color And Marine Turtle Feeding Behavior: Can Blue Bait Reduce Turtle Bycatch In Commercial Fisheries?, Y Swimmer, R Arauz, B Higgins, L Mcnaughton, M. Mccracken, J. Ballestero, Richard Brill
VIMS Articles
We conducted laboratory and field experiments to investigate the behavioral responses of Kemp's ridley Lepidochelys kempii and loggerhead turtles Caretta caretta to whole squid dyed different colors. Our ultimate goal was to identify bait modifications that could reduce the interaction of turtles with longline fishing gear. In captivity, both turtle species clearly preferred untreated squid over squid that had been dyed dark blue. Loggerhead turtles also preferred untreated squid over red-dyed squid, whereas Kemp's ridley showed the opposite response. Field trials of blue-dyed bait were conducted on commercial fishing boats in the Gulf of Papagayo, Costa Rica, where the incidental …
Copepods As Microbial Hotspots In The Ocean: Effects Of Host Feeding Activities On Attached Bacteria, Kw Tang
Copepods As Microbial Hotspots In The Ocean: Effects Of Host Feeding Activities On Attached Bacteria, Kw Tang
VIMS Articles
Through ingestion a copepod introduces rich organic substrates into its guts and fecal pellets, where dense bacteria may exploit them and show fast growth. Thus, a copepod and its fecal pellets may be regarded as microbial hotspots in the ocean. This study investigated the effects of copepods' feeding activities on the associated bacteria, using the Most Probable Number (MPN) method. Starved Acartia tonsa (calanoid copepod) carried a background bacteria population of 103 to 10(4) copepod(-1). When fed axenic cultures of algae Rhodomonas salina or Dunaliella tertiolecta, the bacterial abundance increased curvilinearly with the copepods' ingestion rates. When fed axenic cultures …
Effect Of Homogenate From Different Oyster Species On Perkinsus Marinus Proliferation And Subtilisin Gene Transcription, Gd Brown, Sl Kaattari, Kimberly S. Reece
Effect Of Homogenate From Different Oyster Species On Perkinsus Marinus Proliferation And Subtilisin Gene Transcription, Gd Brown, Sl Kaattari, Kimberly S. Reece
VIMS Articles
The modulation of Perkinsus marinus proliferation and subtilisin gene transcription by host (oyster) tissue was examined. Perkinsus rnarinus cells were cultured for 4 weeks in media supplemented with extract from either one of four different Crassostrea virginica stocks or with extract from one of two other Crassostrea species, C. ariakensis and C. gigas. After 4 weeks in culture, we determined cell counts and relative subtilisin gene transcription levels using quantitative real-time polymerise chain reaction (qRTPCR). Cell proliferation and subtilisin gene transcription were significantly lower when P. marinus' cells were grown in the presence of homogenate from any of the three …
Northern Quahog (Hard Clam) Mercenaria Mercenaria Abundance And Habitat Use In Chesapeake Bay, Roger L. Mann, Jm Harding, Melissa Southworth, Ja Wesson
Northern Quahog (Hard Clam) Mercenaria Mercenaria Abundance And Habitat Use In Chesapeake Bay, Roger L. Mann, Jm Harding, Melissa Southworth, Ja Wesson
VIMS Articles
Recent (2001-2002) surveys of hard clam Mercenaria mercenaria density and distribution, using patent tongs in a stratified random design (n = 7,358 stations) in lower Chesapeake Bay are not consistent with historic descriptions of clam habitats and densities. The highest average densities observed, up to 3.1 clams m(-2), were in the lower James River. The highest modern average density observed is half that of clam densities commonly observed in these same habitats during the early 1970s. Current distribution is significantly affected by water depth and substrate composition. Hard clam density in Chesapeake Bay is positively associated with increasing sediment grain …
Disappearance Of The Natural Emergent 3-Dimensional Oyster Reef System Of The James River, Virginia, 1871-1948, H Woods, Wj Hargis Jr., Carl Hershner, Pamela Mason
Disappearance Of The Natural Emergent 3-Dimensional Oyster Reef System Of The James River, Virginia, 1871-1948, H Woods, Wj Hargis Jr., Carl Hershner, Pamela Mason
VIMS Articles
Anecdotal reports have long indicated that oysters, Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin), in the Chesapeake Bay once grew in large 3-dimensional reef structures. However, hard evidence of widespread 3-dimensional oyster reefs in the Chesapeake Bay has been scarce. This study uses data collected from historic charts of the James River, one of the most productive oyster producing tributaries of the Chesapeake Bay, to examine the natural occurrence of these reefs as well as their destruction. An early series of charts from the 1870s clearly documents widespread emergent oyster reefs in the James River from Burwell's Bay to Newport News Point. They were …
Seasonal Variation Of Heat Shock Protein 70 In Eastern Oysters (Crassostrea Virginica) Infected With Perkinsus Marinus (Dermo), Vg Encomio, Fle Chu
Seasonal Variation Of Heat Shock Protein 70 In Eastern Oysters (Crassostrea Virginica) Infected With Perkinsus Marinus (Dermo), Vg Encomio, Fle Chu
VIMS Articles
Eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) inhabit highly variable environments and are exposed to large seasonal shifts in temperature. Prevalence and intensity of oyster diseases, particularly Perkinsus marinas (Dermo), increase during thermally stressful periods, thus posing additional stress on the oyster host. Heat shock proteins (hsps) are important in protecting organisms from thermal and overall environmental stress. Additionally, hsps may play protective roles for both the host and parasite during infection. The interactive effects of temperature and disease on heat shock protein expression in oysters, however, are unknown. In this study, using slot and western blotting assays, seasonal and intraspecific variation in …
Flood Dispersal And Deposition By Near-Bed Gravitational Sediment Flows And Oceanographic Transport: A Numerical Modeling Study Of The Eel River Shelf, Northern California, Courtney K. Harris, Peter A. Traykovski, W. Rockwell Geyer
Flood Dispersal And Deposition By Near-Bed Gravitational Sediment Flows And Oceanographic Transport: A Numerical Modeling Study Of The Eel River Shelf, Northern California, Courtney K. Harris, Peter A. Traykovski, W. Rockwell Geyer
VIMS Articles
[1] A large flood of the Eel River, northern California, created a thick sediment deposit between water depths of 50 and 70 m in January 1997. The freshwater plume, however, confined sediment delivery to water depths shallower than 30 m. Mechanisms proposed to explain the apparent cross-shelf transport include dispersal by oceanographic currents, resuspension by energetic waves, and gravitationally forced transport of a thin layer of fluidized mud. Field observations indicate that these processes were all active but cannot determine their relative significance or whether these mechanisms alone explain the location, size, and timing of deposition. Approximately 30% of the …
Calculating Highly Fluctuated Suspended Sediment Fluxes From Mountainous Rivers In Taiwan, Shuh-Ji Kao, Tsung-Yu Lee, J. D. Milliman
Calculating Highly Fluctuated Suspended Sediment Fluxes From Mountainous Rivers In Taiwan, Shuh-Ji Kao, Tsung-Yu Lee, J. D. Milliman
VIMS Articles
Small drainage basins, highly fractured rock, high relief, and steep gradients make Taiwan watersheds particularly sensitive to episodic events such as typhoons and earthquakes, and to various types of anthropogenic disturbance. Here we analyze the characteristics of a long-term hydrological dataset from Taiwan and re-evaluate methods used to calculate sediment loads for Taiwan's event-driven rivers. We suggest using the rating curve method stratified down to seasonal levels to reflect the rapid changes in the relationship between water discharge and suspended sediment load. A program is developed to determine the optimal time-interval for constructing rating curves, and is used to calculate …