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Articles 31 - 60 of 117
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Monitoring Different Types Of Resistance Training Using Session Rating Of Perceived Exertion, Favil Singh
Monitoring Different Types Of Resistance Training Using Session Rating Of Perceived Exertion, Favil Singh
Theses : Honours
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of using the session rating of perceived exertion (RPE) scale to measure physical effort during different types of resistance training exercises and to examine the validity of this scale in rating the entire resistance training sessions of different workouts and intensities. Fifteen male subjects (26.7 ± 4.3 years) performed three different types of resistance training protocols. All protocols consisted of the same five exercises (bench press, back squat, bench pull, shoulder press, and leg extension) but the intensities, rest periods, and numbers of repetitions were different. The strength protocol consisted …
A Study Of The Effects Of Probait On Chuditch, Dasyurus Geoffroii, Within The Julimar Conservation Park With Notes On The General Ecology, Melissa York
Theses : Honours
Broad scale fox baiting programs have been underway in Western Australia since 1996 when the Western Shield fauna recovery program commenced with the aim of recovering many fauna species that are under threat of extinction. Until recently, effective fox control for fauna recovery has been achieved with dried meat baits impregnated with the poison 1080. The Department of Conservation and Land Management (CALM) has developed more readily available and cost effective sausage meat baits, termed Probait. As bait acceptability trials in the laboratory indicated a potential risk from Pro bait ingestion by chuditch (Dasyurus geoffroii), assessment of the likely risk …
The Systematics Of The Reducta Complex Of The Burrowing Freshwater Crayfish Engaewa Riek, Quinton Burnham
The Systematics Of The Reducta Complex Of The Burrowing Freshwater Crayfish Engaewa Riek, Quinton Burnham
Theses : Honours
The south-west of Western Australia is home to an endemic genus of obligate burrowing freshwater crayfish, Engaewa Riek. Riek (1967) first described three species within this genus and later Horwitz and Adams (2000) described an additional two species. Of the five species which are currently recognised three species (E. reducta, E. pseudoreducta and E. similis) form a species complex; the reducta complex. The work ofRiek and later Horwitz and Adams are the only two reviews of note dealing with this genus despite a publication by Crandall, Fetzner, Lawler, Kinnersley and Austin (1999) which suggests that Engaewa may be the sister …
Is The Ability To Regenerate Damaged Skeletal Muscle Genetically Determined? : Can Allelic Variation In The Gene, Pax7, Explain Observed Differences In Recovery Of Force Following Damage By Eccentric Exercise?, Zoran Groznica
Theses : Honours
High force eccentric muscle actions, during forcibly lengthening contracting muscle, have been found to produce pronounced muscle damage, especially if exercise is unaccustomed. A cascade of events is initiated in order to repair damaged skeletal muscle tissue including degeneration and regeneration processes. For the duration of muscle regeneration, satellite cells are the primary source of new myoblasts in adult muscle. This process requires activation of quiescent mononucleated satellite cells which proliferate, differentiate and fuse together to form fully functional muscle fibres. The satellite cells are specified by the gene, Pax7, during development. Experimental studies of Pax7 null mice that lack …
The Effect Of Antioxidant Supplementation On Human Sperm Cryopreservation, Katrina E. Taylor
The Effect Of Antioxidant Supplementation On Human Sperm Cryopreservation, Katrina E. Taylor
Theses : Honours
Semen cryopreservation has an important role in assisted reproductive technology however, the cooling, freezing and thawing processes often result in a significant loss of sperm motility, viability and nuclear integrity. The destructive effects of cryopreservation are significantly exacerbated in samples exhibiting low sperm number and poor morphological characteristics. Recent research into infertility has focused on the correlation between excessive oxidation and subfertility, in particular radical induced lipid peroxidation within the phospholipid bilayer of the spermatozoon plasma membrane and the promotion of cellular damage as a result of antioxidant insufficiency. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of …
A Study Of The Abundance, Distribution And Daily Activities Of The Australian Raven (Corvus Coronoides) In Urban Wetland Parks, Desiree L. Moon
A Study Of The Abundance, Distribution And Daily Activities Of The Australian Raven (Corvus Coronoides) In Urban Wetland Parks, Desiree L. Moon
Theses : Honours
Habitat destruction as a result of urbanisation has resulted in the population decline of some bird species. However, the Australian Raven (Corvus coronoides), has adapted well to the urban environment and is thriving. Although naturally occurring seasonal food sources are at times restricted in an urban setting, this adaptive species finds alternative food sources. As carrion-eaters this includes roadkill, as well as refuse discarded on the ground and into bins. Coupled with few natural predators, the species enjoys optimal conditions for breeding and survival. This biogeographical study investigated whether seasonal-influxes of populations of ravens cause problems at three urban wetland …
Growth Trends And Water Use Efficiency Of Pinus Pinaster Ait. In Response To Historical Climate And Groundwater Trends On The Gnangara Mound, Western Australia, Lindsay Bourke
Theses : Honours
In Western Australia, groundwater accounts for about 57% of Perth's water supply. The majority of this is from the Gnangara Mound, the largest superficial aquifer on the Swan Coastal Plain. Prior to the mid 1970's groundwater of the superficial aquifer reached a semi-steady state, however since this period levels have been steadily falling. This decline coincides with a dramatic change in Perth's climate, groundwater abstraction and maturation of pine plantations. The influence of pine plantations upon groundwater recharge is well understood, however there is paucity of information about groundwater use, in particular whether pines directly access shallow groundwater resources. This …
The Effectiveness Of Post-Fire Weed Management And The Germination Ecology Of Selected Invasive Weed Species Of Bold Park, Brett Neasham
The Effectiveness Of Post-Fire Weed Management And The Germination Ecology Of Selected Invasive Weed Species Of Bold Park, Brett Neasham
Theses : Honours
Bold Park is a 437 hectare A class reserve with high conservation value. Bold park is located on the Swan Coastal Plain, approximately 11 km west of the Perth CBD. Bold park is one of the few remaining coastal bushland reserves on the Swan Coastal Plain. High levels of floristic and faunal diversity contribute to Bold Park's conservation value. Weed invasion in Bold Park is reducing floristic diversity and is modifying ecosystem processes. Principle in the modified ecosystem processes is fire. While fire is a natural disturbance event in the bushland of the south-west of Western Australia, altered fire regimes …
Investigation Into The Use Of Bait Stations For The Control Of The European Wild Rabbit (Oryctolagus Cuniculus) In The Urban Bushland Reserve Of Bold Park, Perth, Western Australia, Malin Kordes
Theses : Honours
European rabbits in Australia have a significant impact on the environment and the economy. It is therefore necessary to implement control programs. In rural areas a number of methods including warren ripping and poisoning are frequently used. In urban areas though, rabbit control is not as easily accomplished because the use of many control methods is not appropriate. For example, the poison 1080 often cannot be used due to public health concerns and warren ripping cannot be used in conservation areas. Poisoning with pindone, an anticoagulant, is therefore one of few options available to the managers of urban reserves. However, …
Banksia Woodland Resilience To Groundwater Drawdown On The Gnangara Mound, Llewellyn Broun
Banksia Woodland Resilience To Groundwater Drawdown On The Gnangara Mound, Llewellyn Broun
Theses : Honours
Water is considered to be the major limiting resource to plant growth and survival in regions with a Mediterranean-type climate, particularly during dry summer periods when low water potentials develop (Poole et al., 1981; Miller et al., 1983-84; Mooney and Miller, 1985; Stock et al., 1992). The Swan Coastal Plain is situated within this climatic region and interactions between the climate, soil and geology has an important bearing on the water requirements of the associated Banksia woodlands (Dodd and Heddle, 1989). The assessment of the condition of any vegetative community and in this case, the resilience of Banksia woodlands to …
Seasonal Effects On Diet Of Two Arid Zone Dasyurids, Dasycercus Cristicauda And Ningaui Ridei (Dasyuridae, Marsupialia), Leisa Turner
Seasonal Effects On Diet Of Two Arid Zone Dasyurids, Dasycercus Cristicauda And Ningaui Ridei (Dasyuridae, Marsupialia), Leisa Turner
Theses : Honours
Seasonal fluctuations in rainfall and food availability are thought to change populations of arid zone mammals dramatically over time. Competition between similar species for limited food resources is believed to be a major factor in the evolution and maintenance of population assemblages. Animals foraging in arid regions must be responsive to the unreliable distribution of nutrients and food resources to ensure the survival of viable populations. Adaptive physiological traits and behavioural mechanisms of arid zone animals allow them to survive extreme conditions and the ability to switch between prey species in adverse conditions is an advantageous strategy. This study was …
Effects Of Temporary Par Reduction On The Seagrass Amphibolis Griffithii (Black) Den Hartog, Paul R. Mackey
Effects Of Temporary Par Reduction On The Seagrass Amphibolis Griffithii (Black) Den Hartog, Paul R. Mackey
Theses : Honours
Declines in seagrass health and distribution are commonly caused through human induced reductions in the availability of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). These reductions can result from a variety of human-induced perturbations, including channel dredging. The impetus for the research was driven by the broad-scale degradation of the ecologically important southern-Australian endemic seagrass Amphibolis griffithii (Black) den Hartog in Champion Bay, Geraldton, Western Australia. The study investigated the affects of reduced PAR on A. griffithii and identified responses that may be useful in developing management triggers to minimise the impact of PAR limitation events. The study was carried out during late …
Plant Surrogacy: An Evaluation Of Its Use And Application In The Effort To Conserve Ground Dwelling Invertebrates, Kerry Leigh Ironside
Plant Surrogacy: An Evaluation Of Its Use And Application In The Effort To Conserve Ground Dwelling Invertebrates, Kerry Leigh Ironside
Theses : Honours
A study conducted in the Ridges State Forest, Yanchep was designed to investigate the relationship between plant species richness, vegetation association and ground dwelling invertebrate species richness. Four plant communities were sampled at two scales of measurement. Two treatments were located in woodland and two in heath. Within each vegetation association, plant communities that were representative of both high and low species richness were selected. Three invertebrate orders, Araneae, Coleoptera and Araneae were sorted to morphospecies level. Ordinal richness was also investigated. Two-way ANOVAs indicated that there was no relationship between plant species richness, vegetation association· or the interaction between …
Beach-Cast Wrack As A Determinant Of Macroinvertebrate Assemblages And Trophic Subsidy To Sandy Beach Ecosystems, Rebecca Ince
Beach-Cast Wrack As A Determinant Of Macroinvertebrate Assemblages And Trophic Subsidy To Sandy Beach Ecosystems, Rebecca Ince
Theses : Honours
The transport of detached macrophytes from seagrass meadows and reefs, otherwise known as wrack, has been identified in some parts of the world as a marine subsidy which can increase the productivity of coastal ecosystems. The aim of this study was to determine whether wrack deposits act as a marine subsidy on sandy beaches in Perth, by determining whether it influences the structure of, and is a source of nutrient to, the macroinvertebrate communities in this ecosystem. This was achieved by examining the abundance, composition and nutrient source of macrofauna, including epifauna, infauna and flying fauna, on three sandy beaches …
The Composition Of Cryptophytes (Geophytes) And Other Plants In The Northern Jarrah Forest Of Western Australia: An Analysis Of Logged And Old Growth Forest, Conrad C. Slee
Theses : Honours
Forests are decreasing globally and there are pressing requirements for ecologically sustainable forest management to be implemented at all scales. There has been some criticism of the public managers for forests and the processes used to select reserve systems and silvicultural methods used. Limited research has been conducted on the effects of logging on the plants of the northern Jarrah forest of south western Australia, While fire is a major disturbance event, disturbance during logging operations may remove non-commercial trees, understorey shrubs and change soil conditions. Some plants that regenerate from below ground storage organs such as Cryptophytes (Geophytes) may …
Isolation And Characterisation Of A Pax Group Iii Gene From The Freshwater Crayfish Cherax Destructor: Implications For The Evolution Of Muscle Regeneration, Robert B. White
Theses : Honours
Pax genes encode transcription factors that are highly evolutionarily conserved and are vital for animal development. Vertebrate Pax group III genes Pax3 and Pax7 are required for proper development of muscular and central nervous systems. In their roles in muscular systems, Pax3 and Pax7 specify myoblasts (muscle progenitor cells). Pax3 is predominantly involved in embryonic myogenesis and specifies embryonic myoblasts. In contrast, Pax7 specifies adult myoblasts (muscle satellite cells), and has been demonstrated to be vital for adult muscle regeneration. Recent evidence also implicates a role for Pax7 in the conversion of certain stem cells to the myogenic lineage. The …
Patterns Of Water Uptake And Rhizosphere Salinity In Casuarina Obesa Miq. During A Drying Period At Lake Toolibin, Western Australia, Patrick J. Mitchell
Patterns Of Water Uptake And Rhizosphere Salinity In Casuarina Obesa Miq. During A Drying Period At Lake Toolibin, Western Australia, Patrick J. Mitchell
Theses : Honours
Lake Toolibin is one of a few remaining freshwater lakes in the central wheatbelt of Western Australia. Since monitoring began at Lake Toolibin in the early 1970's groundwater levels have risen to within 1-2 m of the lakebed with an accompanying migration of salt. The site-specific nature of water uptake in Casuarina obesa Miq. (the dominant lakebed tree species) and rhizosphere salinity were explored spatially through analyses of soil properties (groundwater depth and salinity, particle size and components of soil water potential ψ1). Plant water sources (using δ2H signatures) and water availability (based on ψleaf …
The Recovery Of Birds Through Farmland Revegetation In The Shire Of Goomalling, Western Australia, Rebecca Heath
The Recovery Of Birds Through Farmland Revegetation In The Shire Of Goomalling, Western Australia, Rebecca Heath
Theses : Honours
The birds of grazed paddocks, early revegetation (less than three years in age), three to seven year old revegetation, older revegetation (greater than seven years in age) and remnant vegetation were surveyed over the course of one year to determine whether revegetation recovers avian biodiversity in agricultural landscapes. Habitat features that were useful to the birds, and those that were missing from revegetation, were identified in order to broaden the knowledge base of faunal use of farmland revegetation, and aid in the devising of successful revegetation strategies. Notable differences in the abundance and composition of birds were found between the …
Investigation Into The Population Dynamics And Key Life History Characteristics Of Non-Biting Midge (Diptera: Chironomidae) Which Can Be Utilised To Improve Nuisance Control At Lake Joondalup, Western Australia, Michael Roberts
Theses : Honours
Non-biting midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) become a severe nuisance to humans living close to urban wetlands when they emerge at night to form mating swarms. The phototactic nature of adult chironomids means that large quantities of chironomids congregate around artificial lighting prominent in the surrounding suburbs of urban wetlands. This nuisance problem has compelled the investigation of suitable control options which are able to reduce the numbers of midges to below nuisance levels for an extended period. Currently the options available to control chironomid populations rely on the treatment of affected wetlands with pesticide. These treatment regimes are usually only successful …
The Fringing Halophytic Vegetation Of Lake Austin: A Study Of Mining Impacts And Vegetation Dynamics, Simone Vellekoop
The Fringing Halophytic Vegetation Of Lake Austin: A Study Of Mining Impacts And Vegetation Dynamics, Simone Vellekoop
Theses : Honours
Mining operations in arid regions of Western Australia are faced with many environmental management issues. One such issue is the disposal of mine water to the environment. Mine water is commonly discharged to nearby salt lakes under licence by the Department of Environmental Protection. Licence conditions dictate that the discharge water and the receiving environment be monitored to allow impacts on the environment to be detected. Salt lakes are associated with vegetation communities dominated by halophytic members of the Chenopodiaceae, While these plants are tolerant of salinity extremes, the germination stage of many species requires periods of lowered salinity. There …
Changes In Muscle Function And Motorneuron Excitability Of The Triceps Surae Following A Bout Of Fatiguing Eccentric Exercise, Mikala Pougnault
Changes In Muscle Function And Motorneuron Excitability Of The Triceps Surae Following A Bout Of Fatiguing Eccentric Exercise, Mikala Pougnault
Theses : Honours
A reduction in capacity of the neuromuscular system associated with exercise can occur from a wide range of physiological and psychological factors. Many researchers have investigated neural activation during exercise, or the effects of muscle damage associated with eccentric exercise, but few have studied the prolonged effects of a bout of eccentric exercise on strength and motorneuron excitability. Eleven male and female subjects (aged 20-43 years) were tested to determine the effects of a fatiguing bout of eccentric exercise upon maximal isometric plantarflexion strength, motorneuron excitability, and neural activation of the soleus (SOL) and medial gastrocnemius (MG). The exercise consisted …
A Comparison Of Training Methods To Increase Neck Muscle Strength [Thesis], Ryan Stuart Price
A Comparison Of Training Methods To Increase Neck Muscle Strength [Thesis], Ryan Stuart Price
Theses : Honours
The purpose of this study WHS to determine if increases in isometric cervical muscle strength and range of movement (ROM) generated from ten weeks of training on the Multi-cervical unit (MCU) is significantly greater than the increase gained by training with the dynaband. The high rate of neck injury in the Air Force from pilots exposed to high +Gz force has instigated this research. 32 healthy subjects were split into three groups, with one group as the control, one group training on the MCU and one group training on the dynaband. Training groups completed ten weeks of resistance training in …
Development Of A Chromatographic Method For The Analysis Of Carbohydrates In Posidonia Coriacea In Artificial Cultures, Olivia J. Oldfield
Development Of A Chromatographic Method For The Analysis Of Carbohydrates In Posidonia Coriacea In Artificial Cultures, Olivia J. Oldfield
Theses : Honours
Carbohydrates in P. coriacea leaves were analysed to determine if, when in artificial culture, they were unable to replenish their carbohydrate stores once the seed starch reserve was consumed. While no evidence was found to suggest that this was happening, other findings were made. Soluble carbohydrates determined in P. coriacea were sucrose, fructose, glucose, trehalose, myo-inositol and mannitol. However, mannitol was only found in in situ plants sampled in June. This may be due to high epiphyte coverage elevating plant stress and therefore mannitol levels. P. coriacea grown in tissue culture has soluble carbohydrate levels up to 20-fold higher than …
An Exploration Of Relationships Between Environmental Change And Place Identity: An Analysis Of Personal Stories From The South Coast Of Western Australia, Ruth E. Rogan
Theses : Honours
The complex relationships between people and places have been investigated by philosophic and scientific writers of the 19th and 20th centuries and more recently by researchers within the discipline of environmental psychology. A plethora of concepts have been developed to describe the relationship between people and their environments, including place identity and place attachment. Complex relationships exist between place identity, place attachment and the physical environment. Despite this, research situated within the discipline of environmental management, which addresses changes within the biophysical environment, rarely considers the psychological impacts of such change on individuals interacting within those environments. This study investigates …
The Short Term Effects Of A Fire Fighting Foam And Fire Retardant On Selected Flora From Australia's Southwest, Andrew B. Kennedy
The Short Term Effects Of A Fire Fighting Foam And Fire Retardant On Selected Flora From Australia's Southwest, Andrew B. Kennedy
Theses : Honours
Chemical fire suppressants arc used extensively throughout Australia's Southwest to contain and suppress wildfires. Despite several studies being conducted into their effects on terrestrial vegetation in North America and Eastern Australia, where a variety of significant effects were found, no such investigation has been carried out in Australia's Southwest. This study examined the short-term effects of a fire fighting foam and fire retardant on selected flora from Australia's Southwest. Various concentrations of fire fighting foam and fire retardant were applied to seeds and seedlings of several native species. Native species were chosen for their high abundance and widespread distribution throughout …
Improving Management Of Nuisance Midges (Chironomidae: Diptera) In Perth (Western Australia) Wetlands Based On Their Response To Temperature And Seditment Type, Kirsty Suffell
Theses : Honours
The eutrophication of wetlands has created ideal breeding and growth conditions for certain species of Chironomidae (midge). In urban areas, high abundances can cause adult midges to become a nuisance to nearby residents. The shallow and often eutrophic wetlands of Perth (Western Australia) provide ideal conditions for the growth of certain Chironomid species, resulting in common nuisance problems. To control nuisance plagues a range of management options are available, including light traps, biological controls, insect growth regulators and pesticides. In Australia, Abate00 is the only registered pesticide for the control of midges. Little is known about the life histories of …
Does Plant Morphology Influence Fish Fauna Associated With Seagrass Meadows?, Michael C. Burt
Does Plant Morphology Influence Fish Fauna Associated With Seagrass Meadows?, Michael C. Burt
Theses : Honours
Three distinct seagrass habitats were sampled to determine whether fish assemblages differed between meadows comprising of different seagrass species with different morphological characteristics and whether plant morphology influences species assemblages. Three seagrass habitats consisting of Posidonia sinuosa, Posidonia coriacea and meadows of a mixture of P. coriacea and Heterozostera tasmanica in the Success Bank region, off the coast of Fremantle, Western Australia were selected. For each habitat, sampling was carried out using a 1m wide beam trawl over a distance of 50m at six replicated locations, on three occasions between June and September 2002. Seagrass samples were collected at each …
Invasion Of Indigenous Vegetation In South-Western Australia By Leptospermum Laevigatum (Gaertn.) F. Muell. (Myrtaceae), Anya Lam
Theses : Honours
The current paradigm of biodiversity conservation requires the assessment of alien plant invaders, and their potential negative impacts on indigenous species and communities. Leptospermum laevigatum (Gaertn.) F. Muell. (Victorian tea tree/ Coast tea tree) is indigenous to eastern Australia. It has invaded ecosystems within its natural biogeographic range, within new ranges in Australia and overseas. The species is listed as a high priority weed in the Environmental Weed Strategy for Western Australia. However, the basis for its listing has been casual observation rather than focussed research. This study of L. laevigatum is unique in being the first to …
The Relationship Between Movement Confidence And Level Of Physical Activity In Older Adults, Alastair Stewart
The Relationship Between Movement Confidence And Level Of Physical Activity In Older Adults, Alastair Stewart
Theses : Honours
The movement confidence model proposed by Griffin and Keogh (1982) determined level of movement confidence by including sensations of enjoyment and fear of harm as well as perceived competence. Whilst this has been studied in children there is a paucity of research into older Australian adults. For the purposes of this study Australian older adults were defined as people over 50 years of age, permanently residing in Australia. Therefore, this study had four major purposes. The first purpose was to identify the relative contributions of (a) perceived competence (PC), (b) enjoyment (EN), and (c) fear of harm (FH) to movement …
The Effect Of Moderate +Gz On Cervical Muscle Strength Of Raaf Trainee Pilots Flying Pc-9 Aircraft, Elissa Jane Burton
The Effect Of Moderate +Gz On Cervical Muscle Strength Of Raaf Trainee Pilots Flying Pc-9 Aircraft, Elissa Jane Burton
Theses : Honours
External stimulus/loading initiates adaptations within skeletal muscle. Whilst performing flying manoeuvres under +Gz it has been previously found that the cervical area has the highest loading. The purpose of this study was to examine cervical muscle response to moderate +Gz force (+4-6Gz) loading generated during RAAF pilot training. Cervical muscle strength was monitored in nine RAAF pilots completing an eight-month flight training course and ten controls matched for gender, age, height and weight. Cervical muscle strength and range of movement were measured at baseline and at eight months using the Multi-Cervical Rehabilitation Unit (Hanoun, Canada). Also measured, using EMG, was …