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- Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (2)
- Cycling (2)
- Obstructive sleep apnea (2)
- Performance (2)
- System dynamics (2)
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- Adaptations (1)
- Agricultural (1)
- Amphibian (1)
- Antibiotic resistance (1)
- Arterial (1)
- Augusta County (1)
- Bacterial transmission (1)
- Blood stage (1)
- Board game simulator (1)
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- Carbohydrates (1)
- Carbohydrates + protein (1)
- Cardiac rehabilitation (1)
- Cardiovascular adaptations to exercise (1)
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- Carotid (1)
- Carotid intima media (1)
- Chytridiomycosis (1)
- Community dynamics (1)
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- Core microbiome (1)
- ERAMAT (1)
- Easement (1)
- Edwards Aquifer (1)
Articles 1 - 15 of 15
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Sustainable Management Of The Main Two Maltese Indigenous Grape Varieties For Winemaking, Jonathan Falzon
Sustainable Management Of The Main Two Maltese Indigenous Grape Varieties For Winemaking, Jonathan Falzon
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
Ġellewża and Girgentina, the main two Maltese indigenous grape varieties that are used for winemaking, are grown in small parcels of land with an average size just over 0.1 ha. Policies and regulations that influence the sector have been set up and this increased the need for studies to understand the current management practices and how can they be more sustainable. Through interviews with 30 growers of the indigenous grape varieties it was found that most vines are trained as bush vines and cane pruned with 2 or 3 canes with about 5 to 10 buds in each. Nutrition is …
A Novel Rcc1-Like Protein Is A Crucial Regulator Of The Intraerythrocytic Cycle Of The Human Malaria Parasite, Plasmodium Falciparum., Marcus Davon Skaflen
A Novel Rcc1-Like Protein Is A Crucial Regulator Of The Intraerythrocytic Cycle Of The Human Malaria Parasite, Plasmodium Falciparum., Marcus Davon Skaflen
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
Malaria is a deadly infection caused by a single celled protozoan of the Plasmodium genus. Plasmodium spp. are transmitted to humans by mosquitoes, and initially invade the liver, but the disease is caused by the blood stage of the infection. Approximately 500 million cases of malaria are documented annually and over 1 million of those result in death. Plasmodium falciparum is the most lethal of five species known to infect humans. To further compound this problem, drug-resistant parasite strains have been documented for every currently available antimalarial drug, making the need to identify new drug targets more urgent than ever. …
Microbial Dynamics And Core Microbiome Of Red-Backed Salamanders (Plethodon Cinereus), Andrew Howard Loudon
Microbial Dynamics And Core Microbiome Of Red-Backed Salamanders (Plethodon Cinereus), Andrew Howard Loudon
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
Beneficial cutaneous bacteria on amphibians can protect against the lethal fungal disease chytridiomycosis, which has decimated many amphibian species. The stability of these bacterial communities likely influences health outcomes, and is investigated here for the first time. We describe the diversity of bacteria on red-backed salamanders (Plethodon cinereus) in the wild, and the stability of these communities over time in captivity using culture-independent Illumina sequencing. In the field, there was no correlation between the diversity of salamanders’ microbial communities and the diversity of their substrates’ microbial communities. Salamanders were brought into the laboratory to test for the effect of an …
Developing A Learning Environment For The Edwards Aquifer With A Base In Systems Thinking And Dynamics, James Everette Simon Iii
Developing A Learning Environment For The Edwards Aquifer With A Base In Systems Thinking And Dynamics, James Everette Simon Iii
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
The purpose of this project was to create a learning environment that fostered an interest in conservation and preservation of the Edwards Aquifer in children by using the endangered and threatened species that live in the aquifer and depend on it to survive. This game was based on the system dynamics of the Edwards Aquifer that were put into a causal loop diagram. In order to gather the data I needed for this project, I spent a great deal of time in San Marcos, Texas, at Texas State University’s Albert B. Alkek Library. The library contained hardcopies of information that …
Association Of Habitual Snoring With Carotid Intima-Media Thickness In Young Men, Sarah C. Jacoby
Association Of Habitual Snoring With Carotid Intima-Media Thickness In Young Men, Sarah C. Jacoby
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
Purpose: The primary aims of this study are to: 1) compare carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) of young males who are habitual snorers compared to those who do not snore; 2) to compare CIMT between snorers and non-snorers to the intima media thickness (IMT) of the brachial artery, the control, that is not exposed to the vibrations from snoring; and 3) to determine the risk for developing obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in snorers compared to non-snorers through the use of validated questionnaires. Methods: Subjects were classified as snorers (n=17) or non-snorers (n=6) according to the prescreening questionnaire. Height, weight, neck …
The Ergogenic Effects Of Glucose And Fructose Coingestion During Prolonged Cycling, Daniel A. Baur
The Ergogenic Effects Of Glucose And Fructose Coingestion During Prolonged Cycling, Daniel A. Baur
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of glucose and fructose coingestion on cycling time trial performance and physiological responses to exercise. Eight trained male cyclists (age: 25 ± 6.2 yrs, height: 180.2 ± 4.3 cm, weight: 76.9 ± 9.2 kg, and VO2max: 61.9 ± 6.2 mL∙kg-1∙min-1) completed the study. Subjects ingested either an artificially-sweetened placebo (PL), a moderate-glucose beverage (MG: 1.0 g•min-1), a high-glucose beverage (HG: 1.5 g•min-1), or a glucose and fructose beverage (GF: 1.5 g•min-1; 2:1 ratio) during ~3 hrs of exercise; consisting of 2 hours of constant load cycling (55% Wmax, 195 ± …
The Potential For Replication And Transmission Of Antibiotic Resistance Plasmids In An E. Coli Population In Agriculturally Impacted Stream Sediment, Erika Gehr
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
The use of antibiotics in agriculture is thought to be a major cause of resistance in microorganisms found in the environment. Horizontal transfer of genetic information from transient to native and from native to transient bacterial populations may enhance the spread and recombination of resistance genes and might play a role in the formation of multi-resistant organisms in environmental reservoirs. Tetracycline resistance plasmids were compared using three isolation techniques -- traditional “endogenous” extraction from isolates, “exogenous” plasmid capture, and direct plasmid extraction from sediment --to determine the potential for plasmid born resistance in an E. coli population found in agriculturally-impacted …
Occurrence, Survival, And Persistence Of The Fecal Indicator Bacterium, Enterococcus Mundtii, In Soils Of A Contaminated Watershed, Marc Carpenter
Occurrence, Survival, And Persistence Of The Fecal Indicator Bacterium, Enterococcus Mundtii, In Soils Of A Contaminated Watershed, Marc Carpenter
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
The Clean Water Act of 1972 raised awareness of the extent of the pollution in U.S. waters and the need for monitoring and identifying sources of contamination. Surface water quality is routinely evaluated using fecal indicators, such as Enterococcus spp. Recent studies in a south Texas watershed showed that fecal bacteria were being transported to water via agricultural land runoff following rainfall, suggesting that soil may be a source of these bacteria. In this study, soils from fields under different crop covers were sampled to determine seasonal levels of enterococci and species of enterococci were identified using the BIOLOG™ Microbial …
Probiotic Bioaugmentation Of An Anti-Bd Bacteria, Janthinobacterium Lividum, On The Amphibian, Notophthalmus Viridescens: Transmission Efficacy And Persistence Of The Probiotic On The Host And Non-Target Effects Of Probiotic Addition On Ecosystem Components, Molly Bletz
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
Amphibians worldwide are threatened by the fungal disease chytridiomycosis, caused by the skin pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis. Mutualistic skin bacteria are a critical element in amphibians’ defenses against chytridiomycosis. Probiotic bioaugmentation of beneficial, anti-Bd bacteria on amphibians is a potential conservation strategies. Outdoor experimental ponds were used to investigate transmission efficacy and persistence of the anti-Bd bacteria, Janthinobacterium lividum, on the amphibian, Notophthalmus viridescens. More specifically, this research investigated whether a short-term individual bath, environmental bioaugmentation, or both are necessary to afford transmission and persistence of J. lividum on N. viridescens. Additionally, this research investigated the effectiveness of these different probiotic …
Cycling Time Trial Performance Is Not Enhanced By Either Whey Protein Or L-Alanine Intake During Prolonged Exercise, Adam B. Schroer
Cycling Time Trial Performance Is Not Enhanced By Either Whey Protein Or L-Alanine Intake During Prolonged Exercise, Adam B. Schroer
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
Previous studies have reported that adding protein (PRO) to a carbohydrate (CHO) solution can enhance endurance performance. This ergogenic effect may be a function of additional calories from supplemental protein/amino acids, but this thesis has not been directly examined. Additionally, L-alanine (ALA) is readily oxidized when provided during exercise; the impact that this has on metabolism and prolonged endurance performance is unknown. The purpose of this investigation was to assess performance and various cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes during prolonged cycling, to independently gauge the efficacy of whey PRO hydrolysate and ALA supplementation. Eight trained male and female cyclists (age: 22.3±2.0 …
Agricultural/Forestal Districts: Surveying Afd Landowners In Augusta County And The City Of Staunton To Determine Areas For Program Improvement And Program Promotion Strategies, Martin Driver
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
Agricultural/Forestal Districts (AFDs) are rural conservation zones reserved for the production of agricultural products and function to protect agricultural and forestal lands as important natural resources. These districts are formed voluntarily by Virginia landowners and provide a number of important benefits to the landowners and surrounding communities. From a stewardship and administration standpoint, it would benefit both landowners and administrators to determine areas needing improvement within the AFD program. Also, it would be beneficial to these same parties to determine optimal methods for promoting the program to landowners who are not currently AFD members. The evaluation and understanding of these …
Effects Of Carbohydrate + Protein Co-Ingestion During And Following Exercise On Cardiovascular Adaptations And Exercise Tolerance During Intensified Cycle Training, Justin Faller
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
Introduction: This study investigated the effects of carbohydrate and protein (CHO+Pro) supplementation during intensified training on cardiovascular adaptations and cycling performance. Methods: Five cyclists (VO2peak = 62.6 ± 10.7 ml/kg/min) performed two 27-day training protocols while receiving either CHO or CHO+Pro supplements. The exercise protocols consisted of 7 days of normal training (NT), 10 days of intensified cycle training (ICT; 100% increase in average training duration versus NT), and 10 days of reduced volume training (RVT; reduction in training duration to 60% of NT). Performance was assessed by a 30-km time trial following 120 min of constant-load cycling and VO2peak …
Arterial Adaptations To Training Among First Time Marathoners, Nicole Hafner
Arterial Adaptations To Training Among First Time Marathoners, Nicole Hafner
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
Increased arterial wall thickness has been positively related to cardiovascular disease. Exercise has been found to favorably alter arterial anatomy in the trained limbs, but its effects on untrained limbs and the carotid artery are unclear. Thus, brachial (non-trained limb), popliteal (trained limb) and carotid, wall thickness (WT), wall to lumen diameter ratios (W:L), intima-media thickness (IMT) and lumen diameters (LD) were compared between recreationally active (n=14) and untrained (n=11) subjects before and after, the active subjects participated in 12 weeks of marathon run training. Arterial dimensions were measured with B-mode ultrasonography. Pre and post-training VO2max and running speed at …
A Board Game Simulator For Promoting System Thinking For Sustainable Pastoralism Among Maasai In Southern Kenya, Jacob Loorimirim Mayiani
A Board Game Simulator For Promoting System Thinking For Sustainable Pastoralism Among Maasai In Southern Kenya, Jacob Loorimirim Mayiani
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
A culturally-anchored board game simulator named ERAMAT! was created in cooperation with faculty members and members of the Maasai community and then piloted with US students and members of Maasai communities in southern Kenya during the summer of 2012. The game provides an alternative to a computer-based simulator, and hence provides a culturally credible simulation of the system dynamics associated with an accelerating boom/bust cycle of drought and hunger in the region. Factors driving the phenomena include greatly increased population densities, pastoralist cultural values, evolving pastoral practices, the ebb and flow of the semi-arid environment in which Maasai pastoralists live, …
The Implications Of Undiagnosed Obstructive Sleep Apnea On Resting Hemodynamic Variables In Cardiac Rehabilitation Patients, Brooke Marie Shafer
The Implications Of Undiagnosed Obstructive Sleep Apnea On Resting Hemodynamic Variables In Cardiac Rehabilitation Patients, Brooke Marie Shafer
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
The primary objective of this study was to examine the effects of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on resting hemodynamic variables pre- and post-cardiac rehabilitation (CR). Subjects were screened for OSA using an at-home screening device. Subjects were then divided into two design groups: subjects with likely OSA (OSA) and subjects without OSA (non-OSA). All patients had resting hemodynamic measurements recorded and performed a 6-minute walk test. Resting hemodynamics and 6-minute walk test were performed pre- and post-CR. The study was conducted at Rockingham Memorial Hospital in Harrisonburg, VA and Carilion Roanoke Community Hospital in Roanoke, VA where subjects completed standard …