Life Sciences Commons^™

The Impact Of A Child-Centered, Mastery Movement Program On Physical Activity Levels, Motor Skill Development, And Cognitive Function In Young Children, Joshua Anderson

Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies Publications and Other Works

Physical activity and cognition has not been extensively studied in preschool children. Purpose: To determine the association between physical activity and cognition in preschool children. Methods: Participants were 18 young children (3–5 years old) enrolled in a Head Start preschool program. Physical activity was assessed using an Actigraph accelerometer placed on the child’s hip. The device was worn at school for at least three hours on three separate days during the week. Accelerometer data were categorized as sedentary or active (light, moderate, and vigorous intensity). Cognitive function, specifically working memory, was assessed using the Corsi Block-Tapping Test. The number …

Physical Activity And Its Effect On Reducing Disease: A Literature Review Of The National Runner's Health Study, Graham William Edson

Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies Publications and Other Works

In 1996, Dr. Paul Williams began The National Runner’s Health Study. The study had over one hundred thousand respondents who were questioned about their physical activity habits (walking or running), diet, weight, height, and use or previous use of tobacco and alcohol. Some of the participants were involved in case studies of several years. Primarily, the study tested the effects of vigorous physical activity and its ability to reduce disease. For close to twenty years, Dr. Williams has continued an impressive amount of research on various topics in the health and exercise field. The study is one of the most …

A Comparison Of Gait Biomechanics Of Flip-Flops, Sandals, Barefoot And Shoes, Xiuli Zhang, Max R. Paquette, Songning Zhang

Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies Publications and Other Works

Background

Flip-flops and sandals are popular choices of footwear due to their convenience. However, the effects of these types of footwear on lower extremity biomechanics are still poorly understood. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate differences in ground reaction force (GRF), center of pressure (COP) and lower extremity joint kinematic and kinetic variables during level-walking in flip-flops, sandals and barefoot compared to running shoes.

Methods

Ten healthy males performed five walking trials in the four footwear conditions at 1.3?m/s. Three-dimensional GRF and kinematic data were simultaneously collected.

Results

A smaller loading rate of the 1st peak vertical …

Can Sedentary Behavior Be Made More Active? A Randomized Pilot Study Of Tv Commercial Stepping Versus Walking, Jeremy A. Steeves, David R. Bassett, Eugene C. Fitzhugh, Hollie Raynor, Dixie L. Thompson

Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies Publications and Other Works

Background

There is a growing problem of physical inactivity in America, and approximately a quarter of the population report being completely sedentary during their leisure time. In the U.S., TV viewing is the most common leisure-time activity. Stepping in place during TV commercials (TV Commercial Stepping) could increase physical activity. The purpose of this study was to examine the feasibility of incorporating physical activity (PA) into a traditionally sedentary activity, by comparing TV Commercial Stepping during 90 min/d of TV programming to traditional exercise (Walking).

Methods

A randomized controlled pilot study of the impact of 6 months of TV Commercial …

Self-Controlled Feedback Facilitates Motor Learning In Both High And Low Activity Individuals, Jeffrey T. Fairbrother, David D. Laughlin, Timothy V. Nguyen

Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies Publications and Other Works

The purpose of this study was to determine if high and low activity individuals differed in terms of the effects of self-controlled feedback on the performance and learning of a movement skill. The task consisted of a blindfolded beanbag toss using the non-preferred arm. Participants were pre-screened according to their physical activity level using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. An equal number of high activity (HA) and low activity (LA) participants were assigned to self-control (SC) and yoked (YK) feedback conditions, creating four groups: Self-Control-High Activity; Self-Control-Low Activity; Yoked-High Activity; and Yoked-Low Activity. SC condition participants were provided feedback whenever …

Validity Of Estimating Minute-By-Minute Energy Expenditure Of Continuous Walking Bouts By Accelerometry, Erin E. Kuffel, Scott E. Crouter, Jere D. Haas, Edward A. Frongillo, David R. Bassett

Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies Publications and Other Works

Background

Objective measurement of physical activity remains an important challenge. For wearable monitors such as accelerometer-based physical activity monitors, more accurate methods are needed to convert activity counts into energy expenditure (EE).

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine the accuracy of the refined Crouter 2-Regression Model (C2RM) for estimating EE during the transition from rest to walking and walking to rest. A secondary purpose was to determine the extent of overestimation in minute-by-minute EE between the refined C2RM and the 2006 C2RM.

Methods

Thirty volunteers (age, 28 ± 7.7 yrs) performed 15 minutes of seated rest, 8 …