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Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

2007

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Validation Of Flank-To-Flank Allometric Equations In Predicting Weight Of Lactating Sows And Lactation Weight Change (2007), R C. Sulabo, Michael D. Tokach, E J. Wiedmann, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2007

Validation Of Flank-To-Flank Allometric Equations In Predicting Weight Of Lactating Sows And Lactation Weight Change (2007), R C. Sulabo, Michael D. Tokach, E J. Wiedmann, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The objectives of this study were to validate the use of flank-to-flank measurement in predicting weight of lactating sows and to determine the accuracy of the developed models in estimating lactation weight change. A total of 70 lactating sows (PIC Line 1050) were used in this study. Flank-to-flank measurement and body weight were measured on each individual sow after farrowing and at weaning. Flank-to-flank measurement and weight of lactating sows was positively correlated (R2 = 0.61; P<.0001) with the following equation: BW0.33, kg = 0.0371 x Flank-to-flank (cm) + 2.161. Weights of sows post-farrowing and at weaning were lower (P<0.03) when predicted with the previous allometric model developed from growing pigs and sows than their actual weights or weights predicted using the lactating sow model. Likewise, absolute residuals for post-farrowing and weaning weights using a previous allometric model developed from growing pigs and gestating sows were greater (P<0.02) than those of the lactating sow model. There were no differences (P<0.89) between the predicted weights using the lactating sow model and their actual weights. There also were no differences between the actual average weight loss (P<0.14) and the predicted loss using the lactating sow model. Using the model previously developed with growing pigs and gestating sows resulted in 15.5 lb (P<0.007) greater than the actual average weight loss. In conclusion, flank-to-flank measurement can be used as a predictor of weight of lactating sows, with the relationship having less accuracy than those used for growing-finishing pigs, gestating sows, and boars. The pig allometric equation cannot be used to estimate weights of lactating sows and lactation weight change. The developed lactating sow model was more appropriate in estimating weights and weight loss at the herd level, but needs to be validated on other sows before use can be recommended.; Swine Day, 2007, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 2007

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An Evaluation Of Dextrose, Lactose, And Whey Sources In Phase 2 Starter Diets For Weanling Pigs (2007), J R. Bergstrom, C N. Groesbeck, J M. Benz, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2007

An Evaluation Of Dextrose, Lactose, And Whey Sources In Phase 2 Starter Diets For Weanling Pigs (2007), J R. Bergstrom, C N. Groesbeck, J M. Benz, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of various dextrose, lactose, and whey sources on weanling pig performance. In Exp. 1, a total of 228 pigs (initially 17.1 lb) were used in a 14-d experiment. There were six treatments consisting of a control (corn-soybean meal diet) or the control diet with 7.2% lactose, 7.2% dextrose anhydrous, 7.2% dextrose monohydrate, 10% feed-grade whey, or 10% food-grade whey. Pigs were blocked by weight and randomly allotted to treatment after being fed SEW and Transition diets for the first seven days post-weaning. Overall, ADG and d 14 weight were improved (P<0.05) for pigs fed lactose or food-grade whey when compared to pigs fed feed-grade whey. There were no other differences in ADG or d 14 weights among the treatments. Average daily feed intake was improved (P<0.05) for pigs fed lactose, dextrose monohydrate, or food-grade whey when compared to those fed feed-grade whey. Feed efficiency was improved (P<0.05) for pigs fed food-grade whey rather than dextrose monohydrate. For the economic analysis, pigs fed the control diet had the lowest (P<0.01) cost per pound of gain, followed by pigs fed dextrose monohydrate, dextrose anhydrous, feed-grade whey, lactose, and food-grade whey. Margin-over-feed cost was improved (P<0.05) for pigs fed the control diet rather than the diets containing lactose, dextrose anhydrous, or either whey source. In Exp. 2, a total of 352 pigs (initially 17.1 lb) were used in a 14-d experiment to evaluate seven commercial whey sources. There were eight treatments consisting of a corn-soybean meal-based control diet and seven diets containing 10% whey, each of a different whey source. Pigs were blocked by weight and randomly allotted to treatment after being fed SEW and Transition diets for the first five days post-weaning. Overall, ADG and d 14 weight were improved (P<0.05) for pigs fed whey sources A and E when compared to the control and sources B and D. Pigs fed whey sources C, F, and G had intermediate ADG. Average daily feed intake was greater (P<0.05) for pigs fed whey source E rather than the control or whey sources B, C, D, and G. Feed efficiency was improved (P<0.05) for pigs fed whey source A rather than the control. Pigs fed the remaining whey sources had intermediate F/G. For the economic analysis, pigs fed the control diet had the lowest cost per pound of gain (P<0.01). Margin-over-feed cost was improved (P<0.05) for pigs fed the control diet rather than the diets containing whey sources B, D, and G. Pigs fed whey source A had intermediate MOF that was also greater (P<0.05) than that of pigs fed whey sources B and D. In conclusion, differences in the growth performance of pigs fed various whey (or lactose) and dextrose sources exist. The quality, cost, and relative feeding value of lactose sources should be considered when formulating diets for nursery pigs. In some cases, especially with the current high price of dried whey, feeding a Phase 2 diet containing no added source of lactose may be a more economical option despite the slight reduction in growth performance.; Swine Day, 2007, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 2007

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Effects Of Increasing Added Choice White Grease In Corn And Sorghum-Based Diets On Growth Performance And Fat Quality Characteristics Of Finishing Pigs (2007), J M. Benz, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2007

Effects Of Increasing Added Choice White Grease In Corn And Sorghum-Based Diets On Growth Performance And Fat Quality Characteristics Of Finishing Pigs (2007), J M. Benz, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred twenty crossbred barrows and gilts (TR4 × 1050) with an initial weight of 119.9 lb were used in an 83-d experiment to evaluate the effects of increasing added fat to corn or sorghum-based diets on growth performance and fat quality characteristics of finishing pigs. Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 × 3 factorial based on grain source (corn or sorghum), gender, and added fat (0, 2.5, or 5% choice white grease, CWG). At the end of the trial, jowl fat and backfat samples were collected. Pigs fed sorghum-based diets had increased (P<0.01) ADG compared with pigs fed corn-based diets. Pigs fed increasing CWG had increased (P<0.01) ADG. Pigs fed corn-based diets tended to have improved (P<0.06) dressing percentage, 10th rib BF, and percentage lean when compared with pigs fed sorghum-based diets. Barrows tended to have greater (P<0.06) dressing percentage and decreased (P<0.07) percentage lean when compared to gilts. Pigs fed increasing CWG had increased (P<0.02) 10th rib backfat, tended to have increased (P<0.08) hot carcass weight, and tended to have decreased (P<0.07) percentage lean. There was a fat level by grain source interaction (P<0.03) for percent C 18:2 fatty acids and iodine value in jowl fat. The interaction was due to the greatest increase in IV and percentage C 18:2 fatty acids occurring when CWG was increased from 2.5 to 5% for corn-based diets, while the greatest increase was from 0 to 2.5% CWG for sorghum-based diets. Despite this interaction, adding CWG increased (linear, P<0.02) percentage C 18:2 fatty acids and iodine value in jowl fat. Pigs fed corn-based diets had increased (P<0.01) iodine values and percentage C 18:2 fatty acids in jowl fat and backfat compared with pigs fed sorghum-based diets. Increasing dietary CWG increased (P<0.01) iodine value in jowl fat and backfat, increased (P<0.01) percentage C 18:2 fatty acids in backfat, tended to increase (P<0.06) percentage 18:2 fatty acids in jowl fat, and decreased (P<0.01) percentage saturated fatty acids in jowl fat and backfat. In summary, substituting sorghum for corn in diets for finishing pigs can be an effective way to reduce iodine value without affecting growth.; Swine Day, 2007, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 2007

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Effects Of Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles On Growth Performance And Fat Quality Of Finishing Pigs, J M. Benz, S K. Linneen, Joel M. Derouchey, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2007

Effects Of Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles On Growth Performance And Fat Quality Of Finishing Pigs, J M. Benz, S K. Linneen, Joel M. Derouchey, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 1,112 pigs were used in a 78-d growth assay evaluating the effects of increasing dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS, 0, 5, 10, 15, or 20%) on pig growth performance and carcass characteristics. At the end of the trial, jowl fat, belly fat, and backfat samples were collected and analyzed for fatty acid profile and iodine value (IV). From d 0 to 78, ADG and ADFI decreased (linear; P<0.04) with increasing DDGS with the greatest reduction occurring between pigs fed 15 and 20% DDGS. Feed efficiency tended to improve (P<0.06) for pigs fed 5% DDGS compared with those fed other dietary treatments. Increasing DDGS decreased (P<0.04) carcass weight and percent yield. There was no difference (P>0.22) in loin depth, but increasing DDGS tended to decrease (P<0.09) backfat and fat-free lean index (FFLI). Backfat, jowl fat, and belly fat iodine values and percentage C 18:2 fatty acids increased (linear, P<0.02) with increasing DDGS in both the "toppped" pigs marketed 21 d before trial conclusion and pigs marketed at trial completion. Increasing DDGS decreased (linear, P<0.05) percentage saturated fatty acids in backfat and belly fat in both marketing groups and percentage saturated fatty acids in jowl fat with increasing DDGS in the diet in the pigs marketed at trial completion. Barrows had decreased (P<0.04) belly fat iodine values and percentage 18:2 fatty acids when compared to gilts. Barrows also had increased (P<0.05) jowl fat and belly fat percentage 18:2 fatty acids when compared to gilts. Based on these results and previous research trials, dried distillers grain with solubles from this source can be fed up to 15% before seeing reductions in ADG; however, the increase in iodine value and decrease in dressing percentage must be considered in determining the economic value of DDGS.; Swine Day, 2007, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 2007

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Comparison Of Modified Concept Pr 100 And Spray-Dried Animal Plasma On Nursery Pig Performance (2007), E J. Wiedmann, Joel M. Derouchey, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2007

Comparison Of Modified Concept Pr 100 And Spray-Dried Animal Plasma On Nursery Pig Performance (2007), E J. Wiedmann, Joel M. Derouchey, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred eighty weanling pigs (initially 11.3 lb and 18 ± 2 d of age) were used in a 28-d growth assay to determine if Modified Concept PR 100 (MCNPR), a plant-based protein ingredient containing added synthetic amino acids and nucleic acids, can replace spray-dried animal plasma (SDAP) in nursery pig diets. The five experimental treatments were: 1) control (no specialty protein source); 2) 2.5% SDAP; 3) 5.0% SDAP; 4) 2.5% MCNPR; and 5) 5.0% MCNPR. Treatment diets were fed from d 0 to 14 post-weaning, with a common diet fed to all pigs from d 14 to 28 post-weaning. …

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Effect Of Humidity On Flow Ability Of Specialty Protein Sources In Nursery Diets (2007), E E. Carney, C N. Groesbeck, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2007

Effect Of Humidity On Flow Ability Of Specialty Protein Sources In Nursery Diets (2007), E E. Carney, C N. Groesbeck, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We conducted an experiment to determine the effects of humidity on angle of repose (flowabilty) of different specialty protein sources. Five specialty proteins sources were used: fish meal, powdered blood meal (AP301), granulated blood meal (AP301G), powdered spray-dried animal plasma (AP920), and granulated spray-dried animal plasma (Appetein). The specialty protein sources were added at 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10% to a 70:30 corn-soybean meal blend. The experiment was conducted in an environmentally controlled nursery to minimize temperature and humidity fluctuations. There were two relative humidity levels, 34 and 64%. All samples were placed in the barn 24 h before …

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Value Of Animal Traceability Systems In Managing A Foot-And-Mouth Disease Outbreak In Southwest Kansas (2007), D.L. Pendell, Ted C. Schroeder Jan 2007

Value Of Animal Traceability Systems In Managing A Foot-And-Mouth Disease Outbreak In Southwest Kansas (2007), D.L. Pendell, Ted C. Schroeder

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Concerns regarding management of animal disease and related perceptions about food safety have escalated substantially in recent years. Terrorist attacks of September 2001, discovery of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in a dairy cow in December 2003 in Washington, subsequent discoveries of BSEinfected animals in Texas in 2005 and Alabama in 2006, and recent worldwide outbreaks of highly contagious animal diseases (i.e., foot-and-mouth disease [FMD] and Avian influenza) have made apparent the need for animal traceability in U.S. livestock production and marketing. In addition, animal identification systems are rapidly developing throughout the world, effectively increasing international trading standards. One way to …

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Evaluation Of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin As A Replacement For Gnrh In An Ovulation Synchronization Protocol Before Fixed-Time Insemination (2007), M.G. Burns, B.S. Buttrey, D.R. Eborn, J.E. Larson, B.J. Lovaas, G.C. Lamb, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, K. C. Olson Jan 2007

Evaluation Of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin As A Replacement For Gnrh In An Ovulation Synchronization Protocol Before Fixed-Time Insemination (2007), M.G. Burns, B.S. Buttrey, D.R. Eborn, J.E. Larson, B.J. Lovaas, G.C. Lamb, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, K. C. Olson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the difference between gonadotropinreleasing hormone (GnRH) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) given at the beginning of a timed AI protocol and their effects on fertility. In Experiment 1, beef cows (n = 672) at six different locations were assigned randomly to treatments based on age, body condition, and days postpartum. On day −10, cattle were treated with GnRH or hCG and a progesterone-releasing controlled internal drug release (CIDR) insert was placed in the vagina. An injection of PGF2αwas given and CIDR inserts were removed on day −3. Cows were inseminated at one fixed timed …

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Attitudes Of Cow-Calf Producers Toward Nais Are Guarded (2007), S.J. Breiner, S.A. Grau, B.B. Barnhardt, A.M. Bryant, Kris Boone, Dale A. Blasi, Ted C. Schroeder, Ryan M. Breiner Jan 2007

Attitudes Of Cow-Calf Producers Toward Nais Are Guarded (2007), S.J. Breiner, S.A. Grau, B.B. Barnhardt, A.M. Bryant, Kris Boone, Dale A. Blasi, Ted C. Schroeder, Ryan M. Breiner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The introduction of a National Animal Identification System (NAIS) into the United States has generated much confusion and controversy. The goal of the NAIS is to utilize 48-hour traceback in the event of an animal disease outbreak, identify all animals that have had contact with the diseased animal, and link animals to their premises of origin. The NAIS has led to new technology and guidelines with the potential to change the production and marketing landscape of the beef industry. Moreover, these advances have led to public policy issues that have changed the rhetoric of the industry. The objective of this …

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Vaccine Impacts E. Coli O157 In Feedlot Cattle (2007), J.T. Fox, A.B. Thornton, M.E. Jacob, Daniel U. Thomson, James S. Drouillard, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja Jan 2007

Vaccine Impacts E. Coli O157 In Feedlot Cattle (2007), J.T. Fox, A.B. Thornton, M.E. Jacob, Daniel U. Thomson, James S. Drouillard, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Many human foodborne illnesses are caused by pathogens commonly harbored by food animals. Escherichia coli O157 is one of these pathogens commonly isolated from beef cattle feces and can enter the food chain at harvest. In addition to the human health concerns, this pathogen has important economic implications. Costly recalls of beef products and loss of consumer confidence associated with outbreaks of foodborne illness can affect profitability on many levels of production. In the past 10 years, E. coli O157 has cost the beef industry an estimated $2.67 billion. A portion of this expense is allocated to government and industry …

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The Effects Of Ractopamine-Hcl (Optaflexx) On Performance, Carcass Characteristics, And Meat Quality Of Finishing Feedlot Heifers (2007), M.J. Quinn, M.L. May, James S. Drouillard, Christopher D. Reinhardt, Brandon E. Depenbusch Jan 2007

The Effects Of Ractopamine-Hcl (Optaflexx) On Performance, Carcass Characteristics, And Meat Quality Of Finishing Feedlot Heifers (2007), M.J. Quinn, M.L. May, James S. Drouillard, Christopher D. Reinhardt, Brandon E. Depenbusch

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Beta-adrenergic agonists are commonly used in livestock production to accelerate growth by enhancing lean tissue gain. These compounds repartition nutrients away from fat deposition and toward protein accretion. Generally, increased growth is associated with ractopamine feeding, which improves feed conversion and increases body weight gain. However, little data exists on the effects of ractopamine-HCl on live performance or carcass characteristics of beef heifers. Data released from Elanco Animal Health indicate that differences between gender may exist in response to ractopamine, and therefore appropriate strategies for the administration of this compound must be defined for heifers independent of those for steers. …

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Formation And Safety Of 2-Dodecylcyclobutanone, A Unique Radiolytic Product In Irradiated Beef (2007), P. Gadgil, J. Scott Smith Jan 2007

Formation And Safety Of 2-Dodecylcyclobutanone, A Unique Radiolytic Product In Irradiated Beef (2007), P. Gadgil, J. Scott Smith

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Treating food with ionizing radiation improves product safety and helps maintain quality. The main selling point of irradiated foods is that it is microbially safe. Beginning in October 2002, companies could petition the FDA for permission to use terms like "electronic pasteurization" on the labeling for irradiated foods. Consumers are already familiar with pasteurization and they associate the term with a safe product. There needs to be a protocol in place to test for irradiation to verify that products meet regulatory requirements. Being able to differentiate between irradiated and nonirradiated food will aid in proving the authenticity and safety of …

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Despite Nais Concerns Electronic Identification Use By Cow-Calf Producers Is Increasing (2007), S.J. Breiner, S.A. Grau, B.B. Barnhardt, A.M. Bryant, Kris Boone, Dale A. Blasi, Ted C. Schroeder, Ryan M. Breiner Jan 2007

Despite Nais Concerns Electronic Identification Use By Cow-Calf Producers Is Increasing (2007), S.J. Breiner, S.A. Grau, B.B. Barnhardt, A.M. Bryant, Kris Boone, Dale A. Blasi, Ted C. Schroeder, Ryan M. Breiner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The proposed U.S. National Animal Identification System has generated concerns among producers relative to implementation of the system. Many of these concerns stem from the USDA's Bovine Identification Working Group's recommendations to use electronic Identification Plan Bovine Working Group has recommended radio frequency identification as the technology to individually identify cattle. Understanding and implementing an electronic identification system for cow-calf producers is believed to be one of the greatest challenges of implementing the National Animal Identification System.

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Energy Supply Affects Leucine Utilization By Growing Steers (2007), G.F. Schroeder, E.S. Moore, Evan C. Titgemeyer Jan 2007

Energy Supply Affects Leucine Utilization By Growing Steers (2007), G.F. Schroeder, E.S. Moore, Evan C. Titgemeyer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In growing pigs, when protein supply is adequate, protein deposition increases with an increase in energy intake. However, when amino acid supply is limited, protein deposition does not respond to increases in energy intake. These relationships between energy, protein supply and protein deposition, which are observed in monogastric animals, have been described as protein- and energydependent phases of growth. These relationships indicate that energy supply does not affect the efficiency of amino acid utilization, allowing the assumption of a constant efficiency across a broad range of energy intake. Although this type of relationship is assumed for cattle by most of …

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Kansas Fertilizer Research 2006, Dale F. Leikam Jan 2007

Kansas Fertilizer Research 2006, Dale F. Leikam

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

No abstract provided.

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Effects Of Dietary Electrolyte Balance And Molasses In Diets With Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles On Growth Performance In Nursery And Finishing Pigs (2007), C Feoli, S M. Williams, Terry L. Gugle, S D. Carter, N A. Cole, Joe D. Hancock Jan 2007

Effects Of Dietary Electrolyte Balance And Molasses In Diets With Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles On Growth Performance In Nursery And Finishing Pigs (2007), C Feoli, S M. Williams, Terry L. Gugle, S D. Carter, N A. Cole, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of dietary electrolyte balance (dEB) and(or) molasses in diets with dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) on growth performance of nursery and finishing pigs. For Exp. 1, 126 nursery pigs (35 d old and average wt of 22.5 lb) were used with six pigs/pen and seven pens/treatment. Treatments were a corn-soybean meal-based control and diets with 30% DDGS without and with 0.93% sodium bicarbonate to adjust the dEB back to that of the control diet. Pigs fed the control diet had greater ADG (P0.58) in F/G compared to pigs fed diets with …

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Effects Of Phytobiotics (Biomin® P.E.P.) On Nursery Pig Performance (2007), R C. Sulabo, J Y. Jacela, F Neher, Joel M. Derouchey, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2007

Effects Of Phytobiotics (Biomin® P.E.P.) On Nursery Pig Performance (2007), R C. Sulabo, J Y. Jacela, F Neher, Joel M. Derouchey, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 192 weanling pigs (initially weighing 12.9 lb and 22 ± 2 d of age, PIC) were used in a 42-d growth assay to determine the effects of phytobiotic (Biomin® P.E.P. 125 and 125T) addition to nursery pig diets on post-weaning growth performance. Pigs were blocked by initial weight and randomly allotted to one of four treatments: 1) negative control (feed containing no antibiotic or phytobiotic); 2) negative control + phytobiotic 1 (125 g/ton of Biomin® P.E.P. 125); 3) negative control + phytobiotic 2 (125 g/ton of Biomin® P.E.P. 125T), and 4) positive control (feed containing 140 g/ton …

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Detection Of Noncyling Cows By Heatmount Detectors And Ultrasound Before Treatment With Progesterone (2007), D.E. Tenhouse, R.L. Krisher, G.C. Lamb, C.R. Dahlen, D.J. Brusveen, M. Burkhart, R.S. Youngquist, H.A. Garverick, Jeffrey S. Stevenson Jan 2007

Detection Of Noncyling Cows By Heatmount Detectors And Ultrasound Before Treatment With Progesterone (2007), D.E. Tenhouse, R.L. Krisher, G.C. Lamb, C.R. Dahlen, D.J. Brusveen, M. Burkhart, R.S. Youngquist, H.A. Garverick, Jeffrey S. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Our objective was to determine accuracy of identifying anovulatory lactating dairy cows before the application of a timed AI protocol [with or without progesterone supplementation via a controlled internal drug release (CIDR) insert and 2 different timings of AI] by using heatmount detectors and a single ovarian ultrasound examination. At 6 Midwest locations, 1,072 cows were enrolled in a Presynch protocol (2 injections of prostaglandin F2α(PGF2α) 14 days apart) with the second injection administered 14 days before initiating the Ovsynch protocol (injection of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) 7 days before and 48 hours after PGF2αinjection, with timed AI at 0 …

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Altered Insemination Timing Improves Pregnancy Rates After A Co-Synch + Cidr Protocol (2007), C. A. Dobbins, D. E. Tenhouse, D. R. Eborn, Sandra K. Johnson, Keith R. Harmoney, Jeffrey S. Stevenson Jan 2007

Altered Insemination Timing Improves Pregnancy Rates After A Co-Synch + Cidr Protocol (2007), C. A. Dobbins, D. E. Tenhouse, D. R. Eborn, Sandra K. Johnson, Keith R. Harmoney, Jeffrey S. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Our objective was to determine the optimal time to inseminate lactating beef cows after applying the CO-Synch + CIDR protocol [injection of GnRH given seven days before and 48 to 72 hr after an injection of prostaglandin F2α(PGF2α) concurrent with AI, with a controlled internal drug release (CIDR) insert containing progesterone placed intravaginally for seven days between the first GnRH injection and PGF2α.]. Using 605 beef cows located at three Kansas locations, the CO-Synch + CIDR protocol was administered as follows: an injection of GnRH was given concurrent with a vaginally placed, progesterone-releasing CIDR insert, seven days later the insert …

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Gnrh Removal In The 7-11 Co-Synch For Timed Insemination Of Beef Heifers (2007), D.R. Eborn, David M. Grieger Jan 2007

Gnrh Removal In The 7-11 Co-Synch For Timed Insemination Of Beef Heifers (2007), D.R. Eborn, David M. Grieger

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The use of artificial insemination can improve genetics, shorten the calving season, and increase weaning weights by having more calves born earlier in the breeding season. Reasons that this technology has not been used by many producers may include poor conception rates, time, and cost. Research has been directed at shortening the synchronization time and controlling time of ovulation to eliminate estrous detection using a timed artificial insemination. Use of a progestin, like the Eazi-Breed CIDR or melengestrol acetate (MGA), is desirable because they are effective in synchronizing estrus and they can also induce cyclicity in anestrus or prepubertal females. …

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Optaflexx1 Affects Rumen Fermentation (2007), Charles E. Walker, James S. Drouillard, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja Jan 2007

Optaflexx1 Affects Rumen Fermentation (2007), Charles E. Walker, James S. Drouillard, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Three experiments were conducted to determine effects of ractopamine-HCl, sold under the trade name Optaflexx, on rumen fermentation. In experiment 1, fermentative gas production was measured in vitro to determine the impact of increasing amounts of ractopamine- HCl added to rumen fluid. Ractopamine-HCl increased gas production when added to rumen fluid up to 10 times the assumed physiological dosage of 200 mg per head/day, but depressed gas production at 100 times the physiological dose. Experiment 2 and 3 evaluated the effects of ractopamine-HCl on production of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) by ruminal microbes. In vitro experiments revealed no effect of …

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Thermal Process For Jerky Provides Proper Lethality For Controlling Pathogens (2007), M.N. Roberts, Kelly J.K. Getty, Elizabeth A.E. Boyle Jan 2007

Thermal Process For Jerky Provides Proper Lethality For Controlling Pathogens (2007), M.N. Roberts, Kelly J.K. Getty, Elizabeth A.E. Boyle

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In 2003, the New Mexico Department of Health linked an outbreak of Salmonellosis with consumption of beef jerky. Due to the increasing commonality of foodborne illness associated with dried meats, in 2004 USDA/FSIS published the Compliance Guideline for Meat and Poultry Jerky Produced by Small and Very Small Plants, which addresses the issues of how to obtain adequate lethality and verify adequate drying. Small meat businesses that produce jerky products must validate that their processes achieve a 5-log reduction of E. coli O157:H7 and a>6.5-log reduction of Salmonella. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of …

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Limit-Feeding A High-Concentrate Diet May Alter Nutrient Absorption (2007), J.O. Wallace, W.F. Miller, B.J. Johnson, Christopher D. Reinhardt Jan 2007

Limit-Feeding A High-Concentrate Diet May Alter Nutrient Absorption (2007), J.O. Wallace, W.F. Miller, B.J. Johnson, Christopher D. Reinhardt

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Feeding newly arrived cattle is commonly characterized by a few days of feeding longstemmed hay followed by a series of step-up diets, wherein concentrate levels are increased to promote ruminal adaptation to a highconcentrate finishing diet. This is done to give the rumen microbes time to adjust to larger amounts of readily fermentable starches in cereal grains. Rumen epithelial adaptation may be achievable by limit-feeding a finishing diet, with gradual increases in feed intake, until the cattle are on full feed. If this can be achieved without causing ruminal disorders and days off feed, then the cost of feeding cattle …

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Comparison Of Feed Efficiency Rankings Of Heifers Fed Low And High Energy Dense Diets (2007), J.A. Christopher, T.T. Marston Jan 2007

Comparison Of Feed Efficiency Rankings Of Heifers Fed Low And High Energy Dense Diets (2007), J.A. Christopher, T.T. Marston

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Concepts related to energy efficiency in cattle have been the basis for many research projects. Even though differences in individuals have long been recognized, little effort has been focused on the causes of the observed variations. The concept of residual feed intake was first introduced in 1963, and is calculated as the difference between actual feed intake by an animal and its expected feed intake based on body weight and growth rate. Residual feed intakes are phenotypically independent of the production traits used to calculate expected feed intake. Consequently, residual feed intake values can be useful in comparing individuals differing …

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Wet Distiller’S Grains With Solubles In Beef Finishing Diets Comprised Of Steam-Flaked Or Dry-Rolled Corn (2007), M.L. May, M.J. Quinn, James S. Drouillard, Charles E. Walker Jan 2007

Wet Distiller’S Grains With Solubles In Beef Finishing Diets Comprised Of Steam-Flaked Or Dry-Rolled Corn (2007), M.L. May, M.J. Quinn, James S. Drouillard, Charles E. Walker

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The purpose of this experiment was to determine optimal levels of distiller's grains in finished diets with steam-flaked corn or dry rolled corn. Distiller's grains have been used extensively in regions of the country in which dry-rolled and high-moisture grains are prevalent. Production of fuel ethanol is now expanding into the High Plains, where feedlots more commonly use steam flaking. The cost to produce flaked corn is higher than the cost to produce dry rolled corn, and with rising energy costs (especially natural gas), this spread is becoming more dramatic. Comparing the use of wet distiller's grains fed in conjunction …

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Degermed Corn Distiller’S Grains With Solubles (Dgs) Have Feed Value Similar To Traditional Distiller’S Grains (2007), E.R. Loe, M.J. Quinn, M.E. Corrigan, Brandon E. Depenbusch, James S. Drouillard Jan 2007

Degermed Corn Distiller’S Grains With Solubles (Dgs) Have Feed Value Similar To Traditional Distiller’S Grains (2007), E.R. Loe, M.J. Quinn, M.E. Corrigan, Brandon E. Depenbusch, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Rapid expansion of the fuel ethanol industry has greatly increased availability of distillery byproducts. Distiller's grains with solubles (DGS) are the predominant byproduct of fermenting grains into fuel ethanol. During this process, starch is removed from the grain and the residual components of the grain are concentrated in the DGS. Improvements in the conversion of cereal grains to ethanol have been fueled by recent changes in the production process. Broin Companies (Sioux Falls, SD) have developed a technology that removes the germ before the fermentation process. The resulting byproduct contains more protein, less crude fat, and less phosphorus compared to …

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Supplementation With Undegradable Intake Protein Increases Utilization Of Low-Quality Forage And Microbial Use Of Recycled Urea (2007), T.A. Wickersham, R.C. Cochran, E.E. Wickersham, Evan C. Titgemeyer Jan 2007

Supplementation With Undegradable Intake Protein Increases Utilization Of Low-Quality Forage And Microbial Use Of Recycled Urea (2007), T.A. Wickersham, R.C. Cochran, E.E. Wickersham, Evan C. Titgemeyer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Low-quality forage utilization (intake and digestion) is improved by protein supplementation. Typically, the recommendation is to select supplements that are high in degradable intake protein because this fraction of the protein directly addresses the ruminal nitrogen deficiency that exists when low-quality forages are fed. However, the low cost of byproducts (e.g., distiller's grains) that are high in undegradable intake protein makes them an attractive source of supplemental protein even though the response per unit of supplemental protein is less for undegradable protein than for degradable protein. One of the primary barriers to utilizing highly undegradable protein sources as supplements is …

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Southwest Research-Extension Center Field Day 2007 Jan 2007

Southwest Research-Extension Center Field Day 2007

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Each Field Day report consists of individual research reports on topics specific to the region, including cultural methods for most of the major crops grown in Kansas, mitigating the effects of weeds, insects, and disease associated with those crops, and irrigation. Research is conducted and reports written by staff of the K-State Research and Extension Southwest Research Extension Center.

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Human Chorionic Gonadotropin And Gnrh Effects On Pregnancy Survival In Pregnant Cows And Resynchronized Pregnancy Rates (2007), B.S. Buttery, M.G. Burns, Jeffrey S. Stevenson Jan 2007

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin And Gnrh Effects On Pregnancy Survival In Pregnant Cows And Resynchronized Pregnancy Rates (2007), B.S. Buttery, M.G. Burns, Jeffrey S. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Experiments have shown human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) to be more effective than gondadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) as a means to ovulate follicles. Experiment 1 determined the effects of replacing the first injection of GnRH (day 7) with hCG or saline in a Resynch-Ovsynch protocol on pregnancy rates in cows subsequently diagnosed not pregnant and pregnancy survival in cows subsequently diagnosed pregnant (day 0). A second study determined the ovulation potential of hCG compared with GnRH and saline (Exp. 2). In Exp. 1, cows in 4 herds were assigned randomly based on lactation number, number of previous AI, and last test-day …

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Impact Of Separator Efficiency And Removed Solids Moisture Content On Make-Up Water Requirements For Sand Recovery (2007), Joseph P. Harner, John F. Smith, Michael J. Brouk Jan 2007

Impact Of Separator Efficiency And Removed Solids Moisture Content On Make-Up Water Requirements For Sand Recovery (2007), Joseph P. Harner, John F. Smith, Michael J. Brouk

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Separator efficiency and moisture content of separated solids influence the make-up water requirements on a dairy seeking to utilize recycled water for sand reclamation. Additional water requirements range from 0 to 79 gallons/cow per day depending on the efficiency of the solid to liquid separation process. Make-up water includes any water stored in a containment structure, excluding urine. Final moisture content of the separated solids had marginal impact on the additional water requirements.; Dairy Day, 2007, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 2007; Dairy Research, 2007 is known as Dairy Day, 2007

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