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Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

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2002

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Articles 61 - 90 of 100

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Use Of Organic Acids For Control Of Clostridium Perfringens In Cooked Vacuum-Packaged Ground Beef Products Subjected To Substandard Cooling Procedures (2002), J.R. Sabah, T. Harshavardhan, James L. Marsden, Daniel Y.C. Fung Jan 2002

Use Of Organic Acids For Control Of Clostridium Perfringens In Cooked Vacuum-Packaged Ground Beef Products Subjected To Substandard Cooling Procedures (2002), J.R. Sabah, T. Harshavardhan, James L. Marsden, Daniel Y.C. Fung

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

This study determined the ability of Clostridium perfringens spores to germinate and grow after different organic acid treatments in vacuum packaged cooked ground beef subjected to substandard (slow) cooling. Meat samples were inoculated with a three-strain cocktail of C. perfringens spores (ATCC 10388, NCTC 8238, and NCTC 8239), then vacuum-packaged, cooked in a water bath to 167°F internal temperature, and held 20 min. The water bath temperature was then lowered to 130°F, and samples were cooled from 130°F to 45°F over 18 hr. Samples were taken after inoculation, after cooking, and after cooling. In the event of substandard cooling, sodium …

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Salmonella Spp. Risk Assessment For Cooking Of Blade Tenderized Prime Rib (2002), J.W. Wendelburg, D.L. Lambert, H. Thippareddi, Curtis L. Kastner, Randall K. Phebus, James L. Marsden Jan 2002

Salmonella Spp. Risk Assessment For Cooking Of Blade Tenderized Prime Rib (2002), J.W. Wendelburg, D.L. Lambert, H. Thippareddi, Curtis L. Kastner, Randall K. Phebus, James L. Marsden

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Prime rib is generally prepared by cooking to low temperatures for long times to attain the desired tenderness and juiciness. Destruction of Salmonella spp. in blade tenderized prime rib was examined by following cooking procedures commonly used by chefs. Beef ribs (boneless) were inoculated with Salmonella spp. to attain initial surface levels of about 5.75 log10 CFU/cm2. The ribs were blade tenderized (one pass) using a Ross blade tenderizer. Each was split into two equal sections. One half was cooked to a target internal temperature of 110 and the other half to 120°F, then tempered at room temperature for up …

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The Effect Of Aureomycin® In Combination With Bovetec® In A Mineral Mixture On Steers Grazing Native Grass (2002), F.K. Brazle Jan 2002

The Effect Of Aureomycin® In Combination With Bovetec® In A Mineral Mixture On Steers Grazing Native Grass (2002), F.K. Brazle

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Three hundred twelve mixed-breed steers (590 lb) were allotted randomly to eight native grass pastures on April 20. The pastures were grazed until July 13. The steers in four pastures received a basic mineral mix with 800 mg of Bovatec7 per lb. The other four pastures received the basic mineral mixture with Bovatec plus 1.6 lb Aureomycin 50 per 50 lb of mineral. The steers receiving the mineral with Aureomycin had greater mineral consumption (P<0.04). Including Aureomycin in the mineral increased gain by 2%; however, the response was not statistically significant.

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Seasonal Forage Quality Of Rangelands Across Kansas (2002), Keith R. Harmoney, Sandra K. Johnson, R. Cochran, E. Vanzant, Jeffrey J. Wilson, D. Yauk, Michael S. Holder, B. Allen, Warren W. Bell, H. Jansonius Jan 2002

Seasonal Forage Quality Of Rangelands Across Kansas (2002), Keith R. Harmoney, Sandra K. Johnson, R. Cochran, E. Vanzant, Jeffrey J. Wilson, D. Yauk, Michael S. Holder, B. Allen, Warren W. Bell, H. Jansonius

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The K-State Research and Extension Forage Task Force surveyed Kansas rangelands during the course of seasonal changes to enable producers and managers to better estimate the feed value of their pasture forage during particular times of the year. Kansas' two distinct rangeland vegetation types, shortgrass and tallgrass prairie, were evaluated. Forage samples were collected monthly from two rangeland sites in each of 10 Kansas counties. Tallgrass vegetation was lowest in acid detergent fiber (ADF) and greatest in crude protein (CP) from May to July, and rapidly increased in ADF and declined in CP the rest of the season. Shortgrass vegetation …

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Steam Based Post-Process Pasteurization Of Beef Salami For Control Of Listeria Monocytogenes, V.S. Gill, H. Thippareddi, Randall K. Phebus, James L. Marsden, Curtis L. Kastner Jan 2002

Steam Based Post-Process Pasteurization Of Beef Salami For Control Of Listeria Monocytogenes, V.S. Gill, H. Thippareddi, Randall K. Phebus, James L. Marsden, Curtis L. Kastner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We evaluated the destruction of Listeria monocytogenes on surfaces of artificially inoculated, vacuum-packaged beef salami by steam pasteurization (Stork RMA-Protecon Post-process Pasteurizer). Beef salami was inoculated with L. monocytogenes (initial concentrations of 4.36 log10 CFU/cm2 at the end and 4.49 at the middle), then pasteurized at 185, 194, or 203°F for 2 or 4 min. Only about 0.11 log10 CFU/cm2 (detection limit) L. monocytogenes survived after pasteurization at 203°F for 2 and 4 min, for a "kill rate" of over 99.99%. Post-packaging pasteurization reduces the threat of L. monocytogenes on the surfaces of cooked meat products.

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Garlic, Cold Storage And Heating Effects In Controlling Escherichia Coli O157:H7 In Ground Beef (2002), E. Ceylan, Melvin C. Hunt, Daniel Y.C. Fung, Curtis L. Kastner Jan 2002

Garlic, Cold Storage And Heating Effects In Controlling Escherichia Coli O157:H7 In Ground Beef (2002), E. Ceylan, Melvin C. Hunt, Daniel Y.C. Fung, Curtis L. Kastner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

This research evaluated the effect of garlic, cold storage and heating on Escherichia coli O157:H7 in ground beef patties. Ground beef (20% fat) inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 to an initial inoculum level of 8 log10 CFU/g, was mixed with 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% garlic powder (wt/wt). Samples were stuffed into 1 inch diameter test tubes and incubated at 40°F for 24 hr. Tubes were heated to internal temperatures of 125, 130, 135, 140, 145, 155 and 160°F, and E. coli O157:H7 was enumerated. Garlic addition lowered E. coli O157:H7 survival in ground beef heated to 150 and 155°F, and …

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Effects Of Tallow And Ground Flaxseed On Sensory And Color Characteristics Of Ribeye Steaks (2002), H.J. Labrune, K.A. Hachmeister, Donald H. Kropf, James S. Drouillard, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 2002

Effects Of Tallow And Ground Flaxseed On Sensory And Color Characteristics Of Ribeye Steaks (2002), H.J. Labrune, K.A. Hachmeister, Donald H. Kropf, James S. Drouillard, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Forty-eight ribeye steaks from steers fed diets containing steam-flaked corn (SFC), steam-flaked corn with tallow (SFC/Tallow), or steam-flaked corn with rolled flaxseed (Flax) were used to evaluate the effects of dietary fat on sensory traits, retail display color stability, and fatty acid composition. Steaks from Flax-fed steers had increased deposition of α linolenic acid (C18:3n3, an omega-3 fatty acid; P<0.01) and developed a detectable off-flavor (P<0.05) when compared to those of cattle fed SFC and SFC/Tallow. There were no differences in tenderness, juiciness, or flavor intensity (P>0.10) among the three treatments. Steaks from cattle fed SFC retained a desirable color longer than those from cattle fed Flax (P<0.05) which may be attributable to premature lipid oxidation in steaks from cattle fed Flax. This study suggests that altering the fat in the diet may affect flavor and color stability of the meat. Feeding flaxseed can effectively alter composition of carcass tissues to yield beef that is high in omega-3 fatty acids, which may lead to premature lipid oxidation.

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Will Blade Tenderization Decrease Iridescence In Cooked Beef Semitendinosus Muscle? (2002), E. Obuz, Donald H. Kropf Jan 2002

Will Blade Tenderization Decrease Iridescence In Cooked Beef Semitendinosus Muscle? (2002), E. Obuz, Donald H. Kropf

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Ten beef semitendinosus muscles were divided into three sections, which were randomly assigned to one of three blade tenderization treatments (control-zero, one, or two times). Blade-tenderized muscles were cooked in a forced-air convection oven at 325° to 145°F and held for 1 min. Cooked muscles were chilled overnight at 38°F and sliced by a sharp knife. Panelists (n=19) evaluated iridescence intensity on a five-point scale (0=no iridescence, 5=very strong) and extent of iridescence (0=no iridescence, 5=81-100% affected area). Blade tenderization decreased (P<0.05) iridescence intensity from 2.37 to 2.02 and extent of iridescence from 2.18 to 1.83 (control zero vs. two passes). Cooking loss increased (P<0.05) with blade tenderization (30.4% control, 32.6% one pass, 33.7% two passes). Blade tenderization has a moderate effect on reducing iridescence.

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Fertility Of Heifers After Synchronization Of Estrus Using Gnrh, Pgf2Α, And Progesterone (Cidr) (2002), A.M. Richardson, B.A. Hensley, T.J. Marple, Sandra K. Johnson, Jeffrey S. Stevenson Jan 2002

Fertility Of Heifers After Synchronization Of Estrus Using Gnrh, Pgf2Α, And Progesterone (Cidr) (2002), A.M. Richardson, B.A. Hensley, T.J. Marple, Sandra K. Johnson, Jeffrey S. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Our objectives were to determine fertility of heifers after estrus synchronization using PGF2αpreceded by either progesterone, GnRH, or both. Beef (n = 193) and dairy (n = 246) heifers were assigned randomly to three treatments: 1) 50 μg of GnRH and a used intravaginal progesterone-releasing insert were administered on day −7, followed by 25 mg of PGF2αon day −1, and CIDR removal on day 0 (CIDR + GnRH + PGF); 2) the same as 1) but without the GnRH (CIDR + PGF); and 3) the same as 1) but without the CIDR (GnRH + PGF; modified Select Synch). Rates of …

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Practical Aspects Of Beef Carcass Traceability In Commercial Beef Processing Plants Using An Electronic Identification System (2002), J.R. Davis, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 2002

Practical Aspects Of Beef Carcass Traceability In Commercial Beef Processing Plants Using An Electronic Identification System (2002), J.R. Davis, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The use of an electronic identification (EID) system in slaughter facilities holds great potential as a tool for animal and carcass traceability, if used as part of a comprehensive carcass tracking system. However, the correct association of each carcass with its individual EID tag number may be hindered at several points during the slaughter process. For 2,994 cattle slaughtered in 14 lots and bearing buttontype, full duplex EID ear tags, 113 (3.92%) had non-functional tags, 16 (0.53%) had no tag, and 37 extra head were introduced accidentally into one of our lots. Of the 2,994 carcasses, 71 (2.37%) were railed …

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Factors Affecting The Price Paid For Spring-Yearling Bulls (2002), T.T. Marston, L.E. Wankel, Daniel W. Moser Jan 2002

Factors Affecting The Price Paid For Spring-Yearling Bulls (2002), T.T. Marston, L.E. Wankel, Daniel W. Moser

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Many factors are considered when commercial cow/calf producers buy bulls. Breeding system needs and breeder's preference determine which breed of bull will be purchased at a multi-breed sale. Our analysis of prices paid for bulls tested and sold through the Kansas Bull Test Station indicates that bull consigners' reputations and marketing techniques influence the price received for bulls at such an event. Individual performance and genetic potential are other areas of interest to bull buyers. Buying habits and prices indicate that commercial cow/calf operations use different traits, depending on the breed, to enhance their cowherd's production.

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Alternative Replacement Heifer Investment Strategies (2002), J. Fanning, T. Marsh, R. Jones Jan 2002

Alternative Replacement Heifer Investment Strategies (2002), J. Fanning, T. Marsh, R. Jones

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The effects of beef cow herd inventory management strategies on net income were evaluated in a historical simulation of a representative Kansas beef-cow herd. Constant inventory, counter-cyclical, and dollar-cost averaging strategies were compared to an optimal heifer replacement strategy. Results indicate that price and inventory signals can be used to time replacement heifer acquisition to improve profitability of the average Kansas producer.

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Effects Of Weather On Average Daily Gain And Profitability (2002), D.R. Mark, Ted C. Schroeder Jan 2002

Effects Of Weather On Average Daily Gain And Profitability (2002), D.R. Mark, Ted C. Schroeder

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The effect of several weather conditions on average daily gain (ADG) and profits is quantified for typical steers and heifers fed in commercial feedyards in Western Kansas from 1980 to 1999. ADG predictions for particular pens of cattle are often used to plan marketing dates and calculate breakeven purchase prices. Weather is known to influence cattle performance, and expected weather conditions can be used to improve ADG predictions. Effects on ADG and profits from combinations of, and interactions between, temperature, precipitation, humidity, and wind speed were analyzed. The influence of these weather conditions was allowed to differ by sex, placement …

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Effect Of Legume Persistence In Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue Pastures On Forage Production And Steer Performance (2002), Lyle W. Lomas, Joseph L. Moyer, Gary L. Kilgore Jan 2002

Effect Of Legume Persistence In Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue Pastures On Forage Production And Steer Performance (2002), Lyle W. Lomas, Joseph L. Moyer, Gary L. Kilgore

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 135 steers grazed high-endophyte tall fescue pasture in 1998, 1999, and 2000 that had been previously interseeded with either lespedeza, red clover, or ladino clover during 1995, 1996, and 1997. Legume cover, forage dry matter production, grazing steer performance, and subsequent feedlot performance were measured. Pastures interseeded with ladino clover produced higher stocker gains in 1998 and more available forage and legume cover in all 3 years than those interseeded with lespedeza or red clover. Legume treatment had little effect on subsequent finishing performance. Results of this study indicate that lespedeza and red clover should be seeded …

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A Study Of The Chemical And Microbial Changes In Whole-Plant Corn Silage During Fermentation And Storage: Effects Of Packing Density And Sealing Technique (2002), M.E. Uriarte-Archundia, K.K. Bolsen, B.E. Brent Jan 2002

A Study Of The Chemical And Microbial Changes In Whole-Plant Corn Silage During Fermentation And Storage: Effects Of Packing Density And Sealing Technique (2002), M.E. Uriarte-Archundia, K.K. Bolsen, B.E. Brent

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The objectives of this study with whole-plant corn silage were to determine the effects of forage density after packing, and sealing technique on yeast and mold populations; and to examine the relationship between the microbial and chemical changes in the silages during the fermentation process and storage period. Whole-plant corn was harvested at 80% milkline (36% DM) and ensiled at three densities (D): D1, 23.2; D2, 33.2, and D3, 43.3 lb/ft3. Half of the silos for each density were sealed immediately after filling (S, sealed) and the other half of the silos were sealed 48 hours after filling (DS, delayed …

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Effect Of Source Of Carbohydrate And Degradable Intake Protein In Supplements On Low-Quality Forage Utilization By Steers (2002), J.I. Arroquy, R.C. Cochran, T.A. Wickersham, Donald A. Llewellyn Jan 2002

Effect Of Source Of Carbohydrate And Degradable Intake Protein In Supplements On Low-Quality Forage Utilization By Steers (2002), J.I. Arroquy, R.C. Cochran, T.A. Wickersham, Donald A. Llewellyn

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Twelve ruminally fistulated steers were used in an experiment to study the impact of the source of carbohydrate (CHO) and degradable intake protein (DIP) in supplements on low-quality forage utilization. Treatments consisted of two different CHO types (fed at 0.16% of initial BW) each offered with an equal amount of DIP (0.087% of initial BW) but with six different proportions of non-protein nitrogen (NPN) and true protein as sources of DIP. The CHO types were starch and dextrose (a simple sugar). The different proportions of the two sources of N contributing to the DIP were 100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 40:60, 20:80 …

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A Study Of The Chemical And Microbial Changes In Whole-Plant Corn Silage During Exposure To Air: Effects Of A Biological Additive And Sealing Technique (2002), M.E. Uriarte-Archundia, K.K. Bolsen, B.E. Brent Jan 2002

A Study Of The Chemical And Microbial Changes In Whole-Plant Corn Silage During Exposure To Air: Effects Of A Biological Additive And Sealing Technique (2002), M.E. Uriarte-Archundia, K.K. Bolsen, B.E. Brent

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The objectives of this study with whole-plant corn silage were to determine the effects of a biological additive and sealing technique on yeast and mold populations; and to examine the relationship between the microbial and chemical changes in the silages during exposure to air. Whole-plant corn was harvested at 80% milkline (36% DM), and ensiled at a density of 35 lb of fresh matter/ft3. Half of the pre-ensiled forage was treated with a biological additive (A) (Sil-All 4x4, Alltech, Inc.); the other half of the pre-ensiled forage was the untreated control (C). Half of the silos in the A and …

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Impacts Of Food Safety On Beef Demand (2002), T.L. Marsh, N.E. Piggott Jan 2002

Impacts Of Food Safety On Beef Demand (2002), T.L. Marsh, N.E. Piggott

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

This study investigates whether food safety incidents involving beef, pork, and poultry, and the accompanying publicity have impacted United States meat demand. Beef demand is modeled as a function of beef prices, competing meat prices, meat expenditures, and food safety. Food safety indices are constructed separately for beef, pork, and poultry. Statistical tests reveal significant effects of food safety incidents on beef demand. The effect of an additional beef food safety incident on beef demand is negative, implying a detrimental impact on beef consumption. Spillover effects of pork and poultry safety incidents are positive and improve beef demand, revealing substitution …

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Microbial Flora Of Commercially Produced Vacuum Packaged, Cooked Beef Roast (2002), R.J. Danler, H. Thippareddi, Elizabeth A.E. Boyle, Randall K. Phebus, Daniel Y.C. Fung, Curtis L. Kastner Jan 2002

Microbial Flora Of Commercially Produced Vacuum Packaged, Cooked Beef Roast (2002), R.J. Danler, H. Thippareddi, Elizabeth A.E. Boyle, Randall K. Phebus, Daniel Y.C. Fung, Curtis L. Kastner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Commercially produced vacuum packaged, fully cooked, microwaveable beef roasts from four producers were purchased from local retail markets. Salt concentration, pH, water activity (aw), and percent moisture, fat and protein were determined. Samples of both package juice and homogenized beef plus juice were analyzed for the presence of aerobic, anaerobic and lactic acid bacteria and clostridia-type organisms. The cooked beef products had pH values from 5.82 to 6.19, water activity of 0.992 to 0.997, and contained 0.34 to 1.07% salt, 61.89 to 72.39% moisture, 4.29 to 18.21% fat and 15.92 to 20.62% protein. No growth was detected in juice for …

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Effects Of Freezing And Location Within The Beef Longissimus Muscle (Strip Loin Steak) On Tenderness (2002), R.R. Timm, John A. Unruh, Michael E. Dikeman, Melvin C. Hunt, John E. Boyer, James L. Marsden Jan 2002

Effects Of Freezing And Location Within The Beef Longissimus Muscle (Strip Loin Steak) On Tenderness (2002), R.R. Timm, John A. Unruh, Michael E. Dikeman, Melvin C. Hunt, John E. Boyer, James L. Marsden

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Twenty-four USDA Select strip loins (IMPS 180) were aged (32°F) until 14 days postmortem and fabricated into longissimus muscle (strip loin) steaks (1-in. thick). Then, steaks were either cooked or stored at −20°F for an additional 17 days before they were thawed and cooked. Cores and sensory panel samples were removed from the medial, center, and lateral sections of each steak and locational identify maintained. In addition, a random composite of cubes from an entire steak was used for a sensory panel evaluation. Previously frozen steaks had lower Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) values, less cooking loss, and a shorter cooking …

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Dakota Gold®-Brand Dried Distiller’S Grains With Solubles In Finishing Cattle Diets: A Preharvest Strategy Against Acid Resistant Escherichia Coli And Coliforms? (2002), C.M. Gordon, H. Thippareddi, D.L. Lambert, K. Kerr, N. Pike, J.J. Sindt, James J. Higgins, Randall K. Phebus, James S. Drouillard Jan 2002

Dakota Gold®-Brand Dried Distiller’S Grains With Solubles In Finishing Cattle Diets: A Preharvest Strategy Against Acid Resistant Escherichia Coli And Coliforms? (2002), C.M. Gordon, H. Thippareddi, D.L. Lambert, K. Kerr, N. Pike, J.J. Sindt, James J. Higgins, Randall K. Phebus, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Trial 1. Finishing beef heifers (345 head) were used in a 153-day finishing trial to evaluate the effects of feeding six levels of Dakota Gold®-brand dried distiller's grains with solubles (DDGS): 0%, 15%, 30%, 45%, 60%, 75% (dry basis), on the number of acid resistant E. coli and coliforms. Fecal grab samples were taken on day 65 and day 100, 2 and 20 hours after feeding, and were analyzed for acid resistant E. coli and total coliforms, as well as pH and VFA. There was a significant linear increase in fecal pH with increased DDGS at both 2 and 20 …

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Mechanical Force Measures On Uncooked Beef Longissimus Muscle Can Predict Tenderness Of Strip Loin Steaks (2002), R.R. Timm, John A. Unruh, Michael E. Dikeman, M.C. Hunt, T.E. Lawrence, John E. Boyer, James L. Marsden Jan 2002

Mechanical Force Measures On Uncooked Beef Longissimus Muscle Can Predict Tenderness Of Strip Loin Steaks (2002), R.R. Timm, John A. Unruh, Michael E. Dikeman, M.C. Hunt, T.E. Lawrence, John E. Boyer, James L. Marsden

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We investigated mechanical force measurements on uncooked longissimus muscle as a means to predict Warner- Bratzler shear force (WBSF) and trained sensory panel tenderness (SPT) of cooked strip loin steaks. Uncooked steaks from 24 USDA Select strip loins (IMPS 180) were evaluated at 2 and 14 days postmortem using plumb bob and needle probe devices attached to an Instron Universal Testing Machine. Cooked steaks aged 14 days were then evaluated for WBSF and SPT. Regression models to predict SPT from needle probe and plumb bob measurements individually taken at 2 days postmortem had R2 of 0.54 and 0.51, respectively. Combining …

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Effect Of Tunnel Ventilation And Evaporative Cooling On The Barn Environment And Cow Comfort In Midwest Dairy Facilities (2002), John F. Smith, Joseph P. Harner, Michael J. Brouk Jan 2002

Effect Of Tunnel Ventilation And Evaporative Cooling On The Barn Environment And Cow Comfort In Midwest Dairy Facilities (2002), John F. Smith, Joseph P. Harner, Michael J. Brouk

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

During the summer of 2001 six tunnel ventilated tie stall barns in northeastern Missouri and southeastern Iowa were evaluated. Three of the barns were equipped with cellulose evaporative pads and three were not. Temperature and relative humidity were recorded continuously for 11 weeks from July 1 to September 15, 2001. Cattle housed in tie stall barns equipped with evaporative cooling had lower average respiration rates (65.7 vs 70.3 breaths/min) than those housed in barns without evaporative cooling. However, rates observed in the morning and at night were not different, only the afternoon rates differed significantly. Average rectal temperatures were also …

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Evaluation Of The California Mastitis Test To Determine Udder Health Status Of Early Lactation Dairy Cows (2002), R.T. Dingwell, K.E. Leslie, J.M. Sargeant, Y.H. Schukken Jan 2002

Evaluation Of The California Mastitis Test To Determine Udder Health Status Of Early Lactation Dairy Cows (2002), R.T. Dingwell, K.E. Leslie, J.M. Sargeant, Y.H. Schukken

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Quarter milk bacteriology results of samples collected within the first week of calving were used to calculate the test characteristics of the California Mastitis Test (CMT) that estimate the udder health status of fresh dairy cows. Over 1,200 quarters were both cultured and had a CMT performed. The overall sensitivity and specificity of the CMT was 68.8% and 71.5%, respectively. Using a cutpoint of any CMT reaction as a positive test and examining the results by various days in milk, the highest sensitivity and specificity occurred at day four (82.4% and 80.6%, respectively). The CMT has the potential to be …

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Association Of Cow And Quarter-Level Factors At A Dry Off And New Intramammary Infections In The Dry Period (2002), R.T. Dingwell, K.E. Leslie, J.M. Sargeant, Y.H. Schukken Jan 2002

Association Of Cow And Quarter-Level Factors At A Dry Off And New Intramammary Infections In The Dry Period (2002), R.T. Dingwell, K.E. Leslie, J.M. Sargeant, Y.H. Schukken

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Data from 300 cows and 1,178 quarters were analyzed to determine factors associated with new intramammary infections (IMI). Teatends that were cracked and teats that did not close during the dry period were 1.7 and 1.8 times more likely to develop new IMI, respectively. The level of milk production on the last day of lactation significantly influenced new IMI and teat canal closure. More (P<0.05) cows (36%) producing $21 kg of milk developed new IMI than cows (18%) producing less. When milk production was 21 kg or higher, teat canals were 1.8 times more likely to remain open.; Dairy Day, 2002, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 2002;

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Metabolic Changes During The Transition Period (2002), A.F. Park, E.C. Titegemeyer, R.C. Cochran, J.M. Defrain Jan 2002

Metabolic Changes During The Transition Period (2002), A.F. Park, E.C. Titegemeyer, R.C. Cochran, J.M. Defrain

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We used four ruminally fistulated, multiparous, pregnant Holstein cows to measure changes in concentrations of plasma metabolite as the dairy cow transitions from one lactation to the next. Diets consisted of typical far-off and close-up diets, a late lactation diet containing wet corn gluten feed (20% DM), and an alfalfa hay-corn silage based early lactation diet. Calculated NEL (Mcal/lb), measured crude protein (%), and diet digestibilities (%; based on steers fed at 2% of BW) were 0.78, 18.7, 74.1; 0.70, 11.5, 66.2; 0.74, 15.6, 71.0; 0.73, 18.4, 70.7 for late lactation, far-off dry, close-up dry, and early lactation diets, respectively. …

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Diet Digestibility And Rumen Traits In Response To Feeding Wet Corn Gluten Feed And A Pellet Consisting Of Raw Soybean Hulls And Corn Steep Liquor (2002), E. E. Ferdinand, John E. Shirley, Evan C. Titgemeyer, J.M. Defrain Jan 2002

Diet Digestibility And Rumen Traits In Response To Feeding Wet Corn Gluten Feed And A Pellet Consisting Of Raw Soybean Hulls And Corn Steep Liquor (2002), E. E. Ferdinand, John E. Shirley, Evan C. Titgemeyer, J.M. Defrain

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Four ruminally cannulated and two intact multiparous Holstein cows were used in a 3 x 3 replicated Latin square design to evaluate digestibility and rumen traits in lactating dairy cows in response to feeding wet corn gluten feed and a novel product containing raw soybean hulls and corn steep liquor. Three dietary treatments were fed in the experiment. The control contained (DM basis) 30% alfalfa hay, 15% corn silage, 32% corn, 9.3% whole cottonseed, 4.4% solvent soybean meal (SBM), 3.3% expeller SBM, 1.3% fish meal, 1% wet molasses, and 3.7% vitamins/ minerals. Wet corn gluten feed replaced 10% alfalfa hay, …

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Complete Lactational Performance Of Cows Fed Wet Corn Gluten Feed And Pellet Consisting Of Raw Soybean Hulls And Corn Steep Liquor (2002), E.E. Ferdinand, Evan C. Titgemeyer, J.M. Defrain, A.F. Park Jan 2002

Complete Lactational Performance Of Cows Fed Wet Corn Gluten Feed And Pellet Consisting Of Raw Soybean Hulls And Corn Steep Liquor (2002), E.E. Ferdinand, Evan C. Titgemeyer, J.M. Defrain, A.F. Park

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We evaluated the effect of wet corn gluten feed and a novel product containing raw soybean hulls and corn steep liquor on performance in lactating dairy cows. Forty-six multiparous Holstein cows were used in a randomized incomplete block design. Cows were housed in tie stalls for the first 13 weeks of lactation and moved to group pens for the remainder of the study. Cows were blocked by calving date and assigned to control, wet corn gluten feed (20% of diet DM), or the novel product (20% of diet DM). Diets were administered as total mixed rations at the first feeding …

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Comparative Study Of Three Expeller Process Soybean Meals In Diets For Lactating Dairy Cows (2002), V. Burgos, Evan C. Titgemeyer, John E. Shirley Jan 2002

Comparative Study Of Three Expeller Process Soybean Meals In Diets For Lactating Dairy Cows (2002), V. Burgos, Evan C. Titgemeyer, John E. Shirley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Forty-eight primiparous Holstein cows were used in two simultaneous 3x3 Latin squares with 28-day periods to evaluate expeller soybean meal from three sources. Six pens containing eight cows each were utilized. Cows were pen fed diets formulated in accordance with NRC (2001) recommendations and based on the assumption that the three sources of soybean meal were nutritionally identical. Diets contained on a dry matter basis, 24.3% chopped alfalfa hay, 9.3% field processed corn silage, 9.2% whole fuzzy cottonseed, 19.2% wet corn gluten feed (Minnesota Corn Processors, Inc., Columbus, NE), and 38% grain mix (70.2% dry rolled corn grain, 18.44% expeller …

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Milking Frequency, Estradiol Cypionate, And Bst Alters Milk Yield And Reproductive Outcomes In Dairy Cows (2002), C.A. Blevins, J.J. Aberle, B.A. Hensley, S.M Tiffany Jan 2002

Milking Frequency, Estradiol Cypionate, And Bst Alters Milk Yield And Reproductive Outcomes In Dairy Cows (2002), C.A. Blevins, J.J. Aberle, B.A. Hensley, S.M Tiffany

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The objective of this study was to determine how milking frequency, estradiol cypionate (ECP) postpartum therapy given at 1 week after calving, and biweekly bovine somatotropin (bST) administration alter lactational and reproductive outcomes in dairy cattle. Holstein cows (n=144) were randomly assigned to eight treatments (18 cows per treatment): 1) twice daily milking frequency (2x), 10-mg injection of ECP at 1 week after calving (ECP), and bST (given biweekly according to label beginning in the ninth week of lactation); 2) 2x milked, oil (cottonseed oil vehicle for ECP), bST; 3) 2x milked, ECP, and no bST; 4) 2x milked, oil, …

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