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Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station contribution; no. 97-309-S; Report of progress (Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service); 804; Cattlemen's Day
Articles 31 - 45 of 45
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Effects Of Feeding Rumensin® In A Mineral Mixture On Steers Grazing Native Grass Pastures (1998), F.K. Brazle, S.B. Laudert
Effects Of Feeding Rumensin® In A Mineral Mixture On Steers Grazing Native Grass Pastures (1998), F.K. Brazle, S.B. Laudert
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Four hundred sixty-nine English and Continental cross yearling steers grazed on native grass pastures over a 2-year period. Rumensin® was added (1,620 g/ton) to the mineral mixture in half of the pastures. Some of the pastures were used from April 23 to July 15 and the remainder from April 23 to August 15. The pooled data for the grazing periods indicated that Rumensin supplemented steers gained 7.7% faster(P<.05) and consumed 32% less mineral (P<.05) compared to the control steers.
Impact Of Increasing Amounts Of Supplemental High-Protein Soybean Meal On Performance Of Range Beef Cows (1998), C.P. Mathis, R.C. Cochran, B.C. Woods, J.S. Heldt, K. C. Olson, David M. Grieger
Impact Of Increasing Amounts Of Supplemental High-Protein Soybean Meal On Performance Of Range Beef Cows (1998), C.P. Mathis, R.C. Cochran, B.C. Woods, J.S. Heldt, K. C. Olson, David M. Grieger
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
One hundred and twenty spring-calving Hereford x Angus cows grazing low-quality, tallgrass-prairie forage were fed 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, or 6.0 lb soybean meal (SBM) per head daily. SBM as a source of supplemental degradable intake protein (DIP) can be effective in maintaining cow body weight and body condition during the winter grazing season. Performance as measured by changes in body weight and condition score was maximized when cows received approximately 3.5 to 3.8 lb/day. Below this level, cows lost about 48 lb (about .4 units of BCS) for every 1 lb decrease in the amount of …
Milking Two Or Five Times Daily In The Presence Of A Cow’S Own Nonsuckling Calf Fails To Prolong Postpartum Anovulation (1998), G.C. Lamb, K. E. Thompson, J.S. Heldt, C.A. Löest, Jeffrey S. Stevenson
Milking Two Or Five Times Daily In The Presence Of A Cow’S Own Nonsuckling Calf Fails To Prolong Postpartum Anovulation (1998), G.C. Lamb, K. E. Thompson, J.S. Heldt, C.A. Löest, Jeffrey S. Stevenson
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Three treatments were initiated at approximately 15 days after calving and continued for 4 weeks: 1) cows were suckled ad libitum by their calves (calf present [CP]); 2) calves were present but nonsuckling 24 hr/day and cows were milked twice daily (CR+2xM); 3) or same as CR+2xM but cows were milked five times daily (CR+5xM). Interval to the first postpartum ovulation was similar between CR+2xM and CR+5xM cows but about 2 weeks less than that in cows suckled ad libitum by their own calves. Cows in the CR+5xM treatment produced more milk than cows in the CR+2xM treatment, whereas only …
Effect Of Tylosin On Ruminal Fusobacterium Necrophorum Population And Fermentation Products In Cattle Fed A High-Grain Diet (1998), N. Wallace, Y. Sun, Kenneth E. Kemp, J.C. Parrott, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja
Effect Of Tylosin On Ruminal Fusobacterium Necrophorum Population And Fermentation Products In Cattle Fed A High-Grain Diet (1998), N. Wallace, Y. Sun, Kenneth E. Kemp, J.C. Parrott, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Tylosin feeding prevented the increase in Fusobacterium necrophorum population normally associated with the feeding of a high-grain diet. Also, tylosin appeared to moderate the ruminal fermentation during initial adaptation to a high-grain diet.
Evaluation Of Changes In Microbial Populations On Beef Carcasses Resulting From Steam Pasteurization (1998), T.L. Brown, P.E. Peters, Donald H. Kropf, Randall K. Phebus, Abbey L. Nutsch, Curtis L. Kastner
Evaluation Of Changes In Microbial Populations On Beef Carcasses Resulting From Steam Pasteurization (1998), T.L. Brown, P.E. Peters, Donald H. Kropf, Randall K. Phebus, Abbey L. Nutsch, Curtis L. Kastner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The steam pasteurization process (SPS 400) developed by Frigoscandia Food Process Systems (Bellevue, WA) was effective in reducing bacterial populations in both laboratory and commercial settings. The objective of steam pasteurization and other meat decontamination measures is to extend product shelf life and improve safety by inhibiting or inactivating pathogens, while at the same time maintaining acceptable meat quality characteristics. The effects of steam pasteurization on beef carcass bacterial populations were evaluated at two large commercial beef processing facilities. A shelf-life study also was conducted to determine the microbial profiles of vacuum packaged beef loins from pasteurized and non-pasteurized carcasses. …
Prevalence Of Escherichia Coli O157:H7 In Cow-Calf Herds In Kansas (1998), J.M. Sargeant, J.R. Gillespie, D.R. Hyatt, J.C. Galland, L.K. Bohra, Richard D. Oberst, Randall K. Phebus, Michael P. Hays
Prevalence Of Escherichia Coli O157:H7 In Cow-Calf Herds In Kansas (1998), J.M. Sargeant, J.R. Gillespie, D.R. Hyatt, J.C. Galland, L.K. Bohra, Richard D. Oberst, Randall K. Phebus, Michael P. Hays
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Fecal samples from cows and calves and samples of water sources were collected monthly for 8 months from 10 Kansas cow-calf farms to determine the prevalence of E. coli O157:H7. The bacterium was found in 8% of fecal samples from cows that were within 24 hours of calving, 1.4% of fecal samples from cows which were not within 24 hours of calving, 1.4% of calf fecal samples, and 1.5% of water samples. E. coli O157:H7 was identified from at least one sample on all farms.
Wheat Middlings In Roughage-Based Or Limit-Fed, High-Concentrate Diets For Growing Calves (1998), Gerry L. Kuhl, R.H. Wessels, Dale A. Blasi, James S. Drouillard
Wheat Middlings In Roughage-Based Or Limit-Fed, High-Concentrate Diets For Growing Calves (1998), Gerry L. Kuhl, R.H. Wessels, Dale A. Blasi, James S. Drouillard
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A 101-day growing study was conducted to evaluate the growth performance of beef heifers fed wheat middlings in traditional full- fed, sorghum silage-based rations and in limit-fed, high-concentrate rations. Diets were formulated without wheat middlings or with wheat middlings replacing 33, 67, or 100% of rolled corn plus soybean meal. Daily gains decreased linearly (P<.01) with increasing levels of wheat middlings in the roughage-based diets because of lower feed intake (P<.10), but feed efficiency was not affected (P>.30). For the limit-fed diets, heifer daily gains decreased linearly (P<.01) as the proportion of wheat middlings in the diet increased, resulting in a linear reduction (P<.01) in feed efficiency. Wheat middlings can be utilized effectively as the predominant energy/protein source for growing cattle, though their nutritional and economic value, relative to corn and soybean meal, may be different for roughage-based and limit-fed diets.
Prevalence, Antibiotic Susceptibility, And Genetic Diversity Of Salmonella, Campylobacter, And Escherichia Coli O157:H7 Collected At Four Kansas Beef Cattle Feedyards Over 13 Months (1998), D.R. Hyatt, J.C. Galland, S. Crupper, L. Hawkins, N.V. Anderson, Gerald L. Stokka
Prevalence, Antibiotic Susceptibility, And Genetic Diversity Of Salmonella, Campylobacter, And Escherichia Coli O157:H7 Collected At Four Kansas Beef Cattle Feedyards Over 13 Months (1998), D.R. Hyatt, J.C. Galland, S. Crupper, L. Hawkins, N.V. Anderson, Gerald L. Stokka
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Salmonella, Campylobacter, and Eschericia coli O157:H7 are important foodborne pathogens, but longitudinal studies of their prevalence in beef cattle feedyards have not been done. Our long- term study involved 24,556 samples taken from beef cattle feedyards found overall prevalence's of 4.87% for Salmonella, 20.1% for Campylobacter in hospital pen fecal samples, and 0.20% for E. coli O157:H7. Yard and pen differences (P<0.05) were detected. All 53 E. coli O157:H7 isolates were resistant to Talmicosin and Erythromycin, two antimicrobials used in food animal medicine. Their genetic diversity was high and did not indicate the presence of resident strains at the yards studied. Salmonella, Campylobacter, and E. coli O157:H7 were probably brought into the yards by shipments of new cattle. Many of these organismswere susceptible to antibiotics commonly used to treat beef cattle.
Feeding Systems And Implant Strategies For Calf-Fed Holstein Steers (1998), C.T. Milton, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Evan C. Titgemeyer
Feeding Systems And Implant Strategies For Calf-Fed Holstein Steers (1998), C.T. Milton, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Evan C. Titgemeyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Two hundred sixty-four Holstein steer calves (308 lb) were used in a 2x3 factorially designed experiment to compare the effect of two feeding systems and three implant strategies on performance and carcass characteristics. Steers were allowed ad libitum access to a conventional, high-grain diet for the entire feeding period or were program-fed a high-grain diet to gain 2.2 lb/d for 109 days and 2.6 lb/d for 92 days and then allowed ad libitum access to feed for the remainder of the feeding period. Steers were fed to a common weight endpoint (1260 lb). Implant strategies were: 1) Synovex® -S on …
Control Of Escherichia Coli O157:H7 In Large-Diameter, Lebanon-Style Bologna (1998), K.J. Karr, Curtis L. Kastner, James L. Marsden, Randall K. Phebus
Control Of Escherichia Coli O157:H7 In Large-Diameter, Lebanon-Style Bologna (1998), K.J. Karr, Curtis L. Kastner, James L. Marsden, Randall K. Phebus
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Lebanon bologna raw batter was mixed with a five-strain mixture of Escherichia coli O157:H7 to achieve average inoculum levels of 7.79, 7.77, and 7.92 log CFU/g as deter mined on MSA, 202, and PRSA media, respectively. Treatment 1 consisted of a fermentation cycle of 8 hrs at an internal temperature (I.T.) of 80EF then 24 hrs at 100EF I.T., followed by 24 hrs at 110EF I.T. Treatments 2, 3, and 4 included additional heating at 115EF I.T. for 1, 2, and 5 hrs, respectively. All heat treatments resulted in product that was negative (<1.9 log CFU/g detection limit) on all culture media and negative after enrichment on mEC selective medium. This study validates that a five-log reduction of E. coli O157:H7 can be achieved using the described protocol, thus meeting USDA/FSIS requirements.
Effects Of Ruminally Protected Choline And Dietary Fat On Performance Of Finishing Heifers (1998), D.J. Bindel, R.H. Wessels, C.A. Loest, James S. Drouillard, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Effects Of Ruminally Protected Choline And Dietary Fat On Performance Of Finishing Heifers (1998), D.J. Bindel, R.H. Wessels, C.A. Loest, James S. Drouillard, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A 120-day finishing study utilizing 318 heifers (753 lb initial body weight) examined the effects of ruminally protected choline in diets with no tallow or 2 or 4% of supplemental tallow. Heifers were fed a finishing diet based on a mix of steam-flaked and dry- rolled corn; encapsulated choline (20, 40, or 60 g/head/day, supplying 5, 10 or 15 g choline/head/day) was top-dressed to the diet or not added. Dry matter intake decreased linearly with inclusion of fat (P<.05) but was not affected significantly by addition of choline. Daily gains also decreased linearly (P<.05) with fat addition. Choline supplementation increased gain (linear, P<.1; qua dratic, P<.05), with the greatest increase occurring for the first 20 g increment encapsulated choline/day. Likewise, feed efficiency improved (P<.1) with supplemental choline. Again, the greatest response occurred for the first 20 g/day. Kidney, pelvic, and heart fat and yield grade both increased linearly (P<.1) with fat supplementation. The percentage of carcasses grading USDA Choice decreased (linear, P<.05; quadratic, P<.1) when choline was added at 60 g/day. Hot carcass weight, marbling, dressing percent, and 12th rib fat thickness were not affected significantly by either fat or choline. Ruminally protected choline can improve average daily gain and feed efficiency of finishing cattle.
Betaine As A Dietary Supplement For Finishing Cattle (1998), C.A. Loest, R.D. Hunter, R.H. Wessels, James S. Drouillard, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Betaine As A Dietary Supplement For Finishing Cattle (1998), C.A. Loest, R.D. Hunter, R.H. Wessels, James S. Drouillard, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
One hundred seventy five steers (902 lb initial body weight) were used in a finishing study to determine the effect of betaine, provided either as feed-grade betaine (Betafin-S6, Finnsugar Bioproducts) or as concentrated separator by-product (CSB; desugared beet molasses), on animal performance and carcass characteristics. Steers were fed a finishing diet based on steam-flaked and dry-rolled corn. Treatments included 10.5 or 21 g/steer daily supplemental feed-grade betaine or 250 g (15.5 betaine) or 500 g (31 g betaine) of CSB per steer daily. Dry matter intakes increased (linear, P<0.1) for steers supplemented with feed- grade betaine. Average daily gains and feed efficiencies were not affected by treatments. Dressing percent and twelfth rib back fat increased (P<0.1) for steers that received feed-grade betaine. Rib-eye area decreased (P<0.1) when steers were supplemented with either feed-grade betaine or CSB. Yield grades were significantly higher (linear, P<0.1) for cattle receiving supplemental CSB or feed-grade betaine (quadratic, P<.05). Hot carcass weights, KPH, marbling scores, and percentage of carcasses grading USDA Choice were not affected by supplemental betaine. In this study, betaine supplementation did not markedly alter growth performance, but carcass fatness tended to increase for both supplements.
Influence Of Melengesterol Acetate (Mga®) And Implus-H® Implants On Rate Of Gain, Feed Efficiency, And Carcass Characteristics Of Culled Beef Cows Fed A High Concentrate Ration (1998), M.F. Spire, J.C. Galland, John A. Unruh, James S. Drouillard
Influence Of Melengesterol Acetate (Mga®) And Implus-H® Implants On Rate Of Gain, Feed Efficiency, And Carcass Characteristics Of Culled Beef Cows Fed A High Concentrate Ration (1998), M.F. Spire, J.C. Galland, John A. Unruh, James S. Drouillard
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
No statistical differences were detected in feedlot performance or carcass traits between control culled beef cows and those that were treated with melengesterol acetate (MGA®) and/or Implus-H® when fed in a feedyard for 56 days before slaughter. All groups performed well, indicating that this practice may be used to improve the market value of culled cows. Cow health during the feeding period is a major concern.
Price Discovery Issues For Fed Cattle, J. Mintert, C.E. Ward, D.S. Peel, Ted C. Schroeder
Price Discovery Issues For Fed Cattle, J. Mintert, C.E. Ward, D.S. Peel, Ted C. Schroeder
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Interviews were conducted with cattle feeders, beef packers, and others involved in the beef industry to discern their concerns about fed-cattle price discovery. Three issues predominated. First was the need to better identify beef quality, ideally by objective means. Quality often, but not always, referred to tenderness and the "eating experience" of consumers. Second was the need for greater pricing accuracy, signaling a desire for less average pricing and more value-based pricing. The need for improved market information was the third issue identified.
Effects Of Revalor-G®, Ralgro®, And Synovex-H® On The Performance Of Stocker Heifers Grazing Irrigated Rye Pasture (1998), Gerry L. Kuhl, Dale A. Blasi
Effects Of Revalor-G®, Ralgro®, And Synovex-H® On The Performance Of Stocker Heifers Grazing Irrigated Rye Pasture (1998), Gerry L. Kuhl, Dale A. Blasi
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A 151-day field study was conducted to compare three anabolic implants for promoting weight gain in stocker heifers grazing center pivot-irrigated pastures of winter rye. Three hundred previously nonimplanted heifers averaging 421 lb were allotted to one of four treatments: 1) no implant-control (NC), 2) Ralgro® (RAL), 3) Revalor-G® (REV-G) and 4) Synovex-H® (SYN-H). Heifers were weighed at monthly intervals to evaluate the growth response curve of each implant type over time relative to controls. Only during the first 32-day period after implantation did heifers implanted with REV-G gain significantly faster (P<.05) than NC. All implant groups responded similarly (P>.05) during the next three monthly weigh periods. …