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Articles 1 - 19 of 19
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Discovery Of A Reproducing Wild Population Of The Swamp Eel Amphipnous Cuchia (Hamilton, 1822) In North America., F. Jordan, L. G. Nico, Kristal Alissa Huggins, Peter J. Martinat, D. A. Martinez, V. L. Rodrigues
Discovery Of A Reproducing Wild Population Of The Swamp Eel Amphipnous Cuchia (Hamilton, 1822) In North America., F. Jordan, L. G. Nico, Kristal Alissa Huggins, Peter J. Martinat, D. A. Martinez, V. L. Rodrigues
Faculty and Staff Publications
We report discovery of an established population of the Asian swamp eel Amphipnous cuchia (Hamilton, 1822) in Bayou St. John, an urban waterway in New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. This fish, commonly referred to as cuchia (kuchia), is a member of the family Synbranchidae and is native to southern and southeastern Asia. Recently-used synonyms include Monopterus cuchia and Ophichthys cuchia. We collected both adult and young-of-year cuchia from dense mats of littoral vegetation at several locations in Bayou St. John. Presence of multiple age and size classes is the first documented evidence of reproduction of this species outside of its native …
Lncegfl7os Regulates Human Angiogenesis By Interacting With Max At The Egfl7/Mir-126 Locus, Quinbo Zhou, Chastain Anderson, Zhan-Peng Huang, Jakub Hanus, Wensheng Zhang, Yu Han
Lncegfl7os Regulates Human Angiogenesis By Interacting With Max At The Egfl7/Mir-126 Locus, Quinbo Zhou, Chastain Anderson, Zhan-Peng Huang, Jakub Hanus, Wensheng Zhang, Yu Han
Faculty and Staff Publications
In an effort to identify human endothelial cell (EC)-enriched lncRNAs,~500 lncRNAswere shown to be highly restricted in primary human ECs. Among them,lncEGFL7OS, located inthe opposite strand of theEGFL7/miR-126gene, is regulated by ETS factors through abidirectional promoter in ECs. It is enriched in highly vascularized human tissues, and upregulatedin the hearts of dilated cardiomyopathy patients. LncEGFL7OS silencing impairs angiogenesis asshown by EC/fibroblast co-culture, in vitro/in vivo and ex vivo human choroid sproutingangiogenesis assays, while lncEGFL7OS overexpression has the opposite function. Mechanistically,lncEGFL7OS is required for MAPK and AKT pathway activation by regulating EGFL7/miR-126expression. MAX protein was identified as a lncEGFL7OS-interacting protein that …
Review Of Ligand Specificity Factors For Cyp1a Subfamily Enzymes From Molecular Modeling Studies Reported To-Date, Jayalakshmi Sridhar, Navneet Goyal, Jiawang Liu, Maryam Foroozesh
Review Of Ligand Specificity Factors For Cyp1a Subfamily Enzymes From Molecular Modeling Studies Reported To-Date, Jayalakshmi Sridhar, Navneet Goyal, Jiawang Liu, Maryam Foroozesh
Faculty and Staff Publications
The cytochrome P450 (CYP) family 1A enzymes, CYP1A1 and CYP1A2, are two of the most important enzymes implicated in the metabolism of endogenous and exogenous compounds through oxidation. These enzymes are also known to metabolize environmental procarcinogens into carcinogenic species, leading to the advent of several types of cancer. The development of selective inhibitors for these P450 enzymes, mitigating procarcinogenic oxidative effects, has been the focus of many studies in recent years. CYP1A1 is mainly found in extrahepatic tissues while CYP1A2 is the major CYP enzyme in human liver. Many molecules have been found to be metabolized by both of …
Ligands Of Therapeutic Utility For The Liver X Receptors., Rajesh Komati, Dominick Spadoni, Shilong Zheng, Jayalakshmi Sridhar
Ligands Of Therapeutic Utility For The Liver X Receptors., Rajesh Komati, Dominick Spadoni, Shilong Zheng, Jayalakshmi Sridhar
Faculty and Staff Publications
Liver X receptors (LXRs) have been increasingly recognized as a potential therapeutic target to treat pathological conditions ranging from vascular and metabolic diseases, neurological degeneration, to cancers that are driven by lipid metabolism. Amidst intensifying efforts to discover ligands that act through LXRs to achieve the sought-after pharmacological outcomes, several lead compounds are already being tested in clinical trials for a variety of disease interventions. While more potent and selective LXR ligands continue to emerge from screening of small molecule libraries, rational design, and empirical medicinal chemistry approaches, challenges remain in minimizing undesirable effects of LXR activation on lipid metabolism. …
An On-Campus Botanical Tour To Promote Student Satisfaction And Learning In A University Level Biodiversity Or General Biology Course, Harish H. Ratnayaka
An On-Campus Botanical Tour To Promote Student Satisfaction And Learning In A University Level Biodiversity Or General Biology Course, Harish H. Ratnayaka
Faculty and Staff Publications
Outdoor, hands-on and experiential learning, as opposed to instruction-based learning in classroom, increases student satisfaction and motivation leading to a deeper understanding of the subject. However, the use of outdoor exercises in undergraduate biology courses is declining due to a variety of constraints. Thus, the goal of this paper is to describe a convenient, no-cost and flexible exercise using an on-campus botanical tour for strengthening specific knowledge areas of major plant groups. Its assessment on conduct and coverage, and student-perceived and actual knowledge gain is also described. Data presented derived from traditional biology undergraduates in sophomore year over nine fall …
A Novel Rare Sugar Inhibitor Of Murine Herpes Simplex Keratitis., Syed M. Muniruzzaman, M. Mcintosh,, Ahamed Hossain, K. Izumori, Partha S. Bhattacharjee
A Novel Rare Sugar Inhibitor Of Murine Herpes Simplex Keratitis., Syed M. Muniruzzaman, M. Mcintosh,, Ahamed Hossain, K. Izumori, Partha S. Bhattacharjee
Faculty and Staff Publications
Purpose To determine the therapeutic efficacy of a novel rare sugar, L-psicose, for the treatment of HSV-1 induced herpetic stromal keratitis (HSK) in a mouse eye model. Methods One rare sugar L-psicose was assayed for HSV-1 inhibition of in vitro virus adsorption. The IC50 and IC90 values of L-psicose were determined using plaque reduction assay (PRA) in CV-1 cell. Female Balb/c mice were corneally infected with HSV-1, strain KOS-GFP; A topical eye drop treatment of L-psicose was started 24 h after infection and continued four times daily for ten consecutive days. The severity of HSK was monitored by slit lamp …
Kdac8 With High Basal Velocity Is Not Activated By N-Acetylthioureas, Tasha B. Toro, Subramanya Pingali, Thao P. Nguyen, Destane S. Garrett, Kyra A. Dodson, Kyara A. Nichols, Rashad A. Haynes, Florastina Payton-Stewart, Terry J. Watt
Kdac8 With High Basal Velocity Is Not Activated By N-Acetylthioureas, Tasha B. Toro, Subramanya Pingali, Thao P. Nguyen, Destane S. Garrett, Kyra A. Dodson, Kyara A. Nichols, Rashad A. Haynes, Florastina Payton-Stewart, Terry J. Watt
Faculty and Staff Publications
Lysine deacetylases (KDACs) are enzymes that reverse the post-translational modification of lysine acetylation. Recently, a series of N-acetylthioureas were synthesized and reported to enhance the activity of KDAC8 with a fluorogenic substrate. To determine if the activation was general, we synthesized three of the most potent N-acetylthioureas and measured their effect with peptide substrates and the fluorogenic substrate under multiple reaction conditions and utilizing two enzyme purification approaches. No activation was observed for any of the three N-acetylthioureas under any assayed conditions. Further characteriza- tion of KDAC8 kinetics with the fluorogenic substrate yielded a k cat /K M of 164 …
Kdac8 Substrate Specificity Quantified By A Biologically Relevant, Label-Free Deacetylation Assay, Tasha B. Toro, Terry J. Watt
Kdac8 Substrate Specificity Quantified By A Biologically Relevant, Label-Free Deacetylation Assay, Tasha B. Toro, Terry J. Watt
Faculty and Staff Publications
Analysis of the human proteome has identified thousands of unique protein sequences that contain acetylated lysine residues in vivo. These modifications regulate a variety of biological processes and are reversed by the lysine deacetylase (KDAC) family of enzymes. Despite the known prevalence and importance of acetylation, the details of KDAC substrate recognition are not well understood. While several methods have been developed to monitor protein deacetylation, none are particularly suited for identifying enzyme-substrate pairs of label-free substrates across the entire family of lysine deacetylases. Here, we present a fluorescamine-based assay which is more biologically relevant than existing methods and amenable …
Inquiry-Based Experiments For Large-Scale Introduction To Pcr And Eestriction Enzyme Digests, Kelly E. Johanson, Terry J. Watt
Inquiry-Based Experiments For Large-Scale Introduction To Pcr And Eestriction Enzyme Digests, Kelly E. Johanson, Terry J. Watt
Faculty and Staff Publications
Polymerase chain reaction and restriction endonuclease digest are important techniques that should be included in all Biochemistry and Molecular Biology laboratory curriculums. These techniques are frequently taught at an advanced level, requiring many hours of student and faculty time. Here we present two inquiry-based experiments that are designed for introductory laboratory courses and combine both techniques. In both approaches, students must determine the identity of an unknown DNA sequence, either a gene sequence or a primer sequence, based on a combination of PCR product size and restriction digest pattern. The experimental design is flexible, and can be adapted based on …
Selenoprotein P Influences Colitis-Induced Tumorigenesis By Mediating Stemness And Oxidative Damage., C. W. Barrett, V. K. Reddy, S. P. Short, A. K. Motley, M. K. Lintel, A. M. Bradley, T. Freeman, J. Vallance, W. Ning, B. Parang, Shenika Poindexter Toliver
Selenoprotein P Influences Colitis-Induced Tumorigenesis By Mediating Stemness And Oxidative Damage., C. W. Barrett, V. K. Reddy, S. P. Short, A. K. Motley, M. K. Lintel, A. M. Bradley, T. Freeman, J. Vallance, W. Ning, B. Parang, Shenika Poindexter Toliver
Faculty and Staff Publications
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease are at increased risk for colon cancer due to augmented oxidative stress. These patients also have compromised antioxidant defenses as the result of nutritional deficiencies. The micronutrient selenium is essential for selenoprotein production and is transported from the liver to target tissues via selenoprotein P (SEPP1). Target tissues also produce SEPP1, which is thought to possess an endogenous antioxidant function. Here, we have shown that mice with Sepp1 haploinsufficiency or mutations that disrupt either the selenium transport or the enzymatic domain of SEPP1 exhibit increased colitis-associated carcinogenesis as the result of increased genomic instability and …
An Improved 96-Well Turbidity Assay For T4 Lysozyme Activity, Tasha B. Toro, Thao P. Nguyen, Terry J. Watt
An Improved 96-Well Turbidity Assay For T4 Lysozyme Activity, Tasha B. Toro, Thao P. Nguyen, Terry J. Watt
Faculty and Staff Publications
T4 lysozyme (T4L) is an important model system for investigating the relationship between protein structure and function. Despite being extensively studied, a reliable, quantitative activity assay for T4L has not been developed. Here, we present an improved T4L turbidity assay as well as an affinity-based T4L expression and purification protocol. This assay is designed for 96-well format and utilizes conditions amenable for both T4L and other lysozymes. This protocol enables easy, efficient, and quantitative characterization of T4L variants and allows comparison between different lysozymes. Our method: •Is applicable for all lysozymes, with enhanced sensitivity for T4 lysozyme compared to other …
Ecophysiological Effects Of Nitrogen On Soybean [Glycine Max (L.) Merr.], Ifeanyi Onor, Gabriel Onor, Murty Kambhampati
Ecophysiological Effects Of Nitrogen On Soybean [Glycine Max (L.) Merr.], Ifeanyi Onor, Gabriel Onor, Murty Kambhampati
Faculty and Staff Publications
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is a leguminous plant with high nutritional and medicinal value. The goal of this research was to determine the optimal concentration of nitrogen, using Hoagland nutrient solution, which will enhance the productivity of soybeans. The specific objective of the study was to assess the effect of variation of nitrogen concentration on soybean growth and leaf chlorophyll concentrations. Soybeans were grown under three soil nitrogen amendments: low, medium, and high concentration of Hoagland nutrient solution and a control group. Soybeans were grown under controlled environmental conditions in the Biotronette? environmental chamber. Temperature of the environmental chamber …
Small Molecule Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Of Erbb2/Her2/Neu In The Treatment Of Aggressive Breast Cancer., Richard L. Schroeder, Cheryl L. Stevens, Jayalakshmi Sridhar
Small Molecule Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Of Erbb2/Her2/Neu In The Treatment Of Aggressive Breast Cancer., Richard L. Schroeder, Cheryl L. Stevens, Jayalakshmi Sridhar
Faculty and Staff Publications
he human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a member of the erbB class of tyrosine kinase receptors. These proteins are normally expressed at the surface of healthy cells and play critical roles in the signal transduction cascade in a myriad of biochemical pathways responsible for cell growth and differentiation. However, it is widely known that amplification and subsequent overexpression of the HER2 encoding oncogene results in unregulated cell proliferation in an aggressive form of breast cancer known as HER2-positive breast cancer. Existing therapies such as trastuzumab (Herceptin®) and lapatinib (Tyverb/Tykerb®), a monoclonal antibody inhibitor …
Cytochrome P450 Family 1 Inhibitors And Structure-Activity Relationships, Jiawang Liu, Jayalakshmi Sridhar, Maryam Foroozesh
Cytochrome P450 Family 1 Inhibitors And Structure-Activity Relationships, Jiawang Liu, Jayalakshmi Sridhar, Maryam Foroozesh
Faculty and Staff Publications
With the widespread use of O-alkoxyresorufin dealkylation assays since the 1990s, thousands of inhibitors of cytochrome P450 family 1 enzymes (P450s 1A1, 1A2, and 1B1) have been identified and studied. Generally, planar polycyclic molecules such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, stilbenoids, and flavonoids are considered to potentially be effective inhibitors of these enzymes, however, the details of the structure-activity relationships and selectivity of these inhibitors are still ambiguous. In this review, we thoroughly discuss the selectivity of many representative P450 family 1 inhibitors reported in the past 20 years through a meta-analysis.
Dietary Selenium Deficiency Exacerbates Dss-Induced Epithelial Injury And Aom/Dss-Induced Tumorigenesis., C. W. Barrett, K. Singh, A. K. Motley, M. K. Lintel, E. Matafonova, A. M. Bradley, W. Ning, Shenika Poindexter Toliver
Dietary Selenium Deficiency Exacerbates Dss-Induced Epithelial Injury And Aom/Dss-Induced Tumorigenesis., C. W. Barrett, K. Singh, A. K. Motley, M. K. Lintel, E. Matafonova, A. M. Bradley, W. Ning, Shenika Poindexter Toliver
Faculty and Staff Publications
Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient that exerts its functions via selenoproteins. Little is known about the role of Se in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Epidemiological studies have inversely correlated nutritional Se status with IBD severity and colon cancer risk. Moreover, molecular studies have revealed that Se deficiency activates WNT signaling, a pathway essential to intestinal stem cell programs and pivotal to injury recovery processes in IBD that is also activated in inflammatory neoplastic transformation. In order to better understand the role of Se in epithelial injury and tumorigenesis resulting from inflammatory stimuli, we examined colonic phenotypes in Se-deficient or …
Purification And Characterization Of Enzymes From Yeast: An Extended Undergraduate Laboratory Sequence For Large Classes, Kelly E. Johanson, Terry J. Watt, Neil R. Mcintyre, Marleesa Thompson
Purification And Characterization Of Enzymes From Yeast: An Extended Undergraduate Laboratory Sequence For Large Classes, Kelly E. Johanson, Terry J. Watt, Neil R. Mcintyre, Marleesa Thompson
Faculty and Staff Publications
Providing a project-based experience in an undergraduate biochemistry laboratory class can be complex with large class sizes and limited resources. We have designed a 6-week curriculum during which students purify and characterize the enzymes invertase and phosphatase from bakers yeast. Purification is performed in two stages via ethanol precipitation and anion exchange chromatography, and students perform both direct and coupled enzyme assays. By completion of the experimental series, students are able to identify which enzymes they have purified and have obtained kinetic parameters for one. This experimental series requires minimal instructor preparation time, is cost effective, and works with multiple …
Protein Kinase D Is A Positive Regulator Of Bit1 Apoptotic Function, Hector Biliran, Y. Jan, R. Chen, E. Ruoslahti
Protein Kinase D Is A Positive Regulator Of Bit1 Apoptotic Function, Hector Biliran, Y. Jan, R. Chen, E. Ruoslahti
Faculty and Staff Publications
Bit1 (Bcl-2 inhibitor of transcription) is a mitochondrial protein that induces caspase-independent apoptosis upon its release into the cytoplasm. Bit1 is primarily associated with anoikis (cell death induced by detachment from the extracellular matrix), because the apoptotic function of Bit1 is inhibited by integrin-mediated cell attachment but not by many other antiapoptotic treatments. Here, we show that protein kinase D (PKD) regulates Bit1 apoptotic function. Overexpression of constitutively active PKD or PKD activation by treatment with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate results in phosphorylation of two serine residues (Ser5 and Ser87) in a form of Bit1 that is confined to the cytoplasm …
Secondary Metabolic Gene Cluster Silencing In Aspergillus Nidulans, J. W. Bok, D. Noordermeer, Shubha Kale Ireland, N. P. Keller
Secondary Metabolic Gene Cluster Silencing In Aspergillus Nidulans, J. W. Bok, D. Noordermeer, Shubha Kale Ireland, N. P. Keller
Faculty and Staff Publications
In contrast to most primary metabolism genes, the genes involved in secondary metabolism and certain nutrient utilization pathways are clustered in fungi. Recently a nuclear protein, LaeA, was found to be required for the transcription of several secondary metabolite gene clusters in Aspergillus nidulans. Here we show that LaeA regulation does not extend to nutrient utilization or the spoC1 sporulation clusters. One of the secondary metabolite clusters regulated by LaeA contains the positive regulatory (i.e. aflR) and biosynthetic genes required for biosynthesis of sterigmatocystin (ST), a carcinogenic toxin. Analysis of ST gene cluster expression indicates LaeA regulation of the cluster …
Characterization Of Experimentally Induced, Nonaflatoxigenic Variant Strains Of Aspergillus Parasiticus., Shubha Kale Ireland, J. W. Cary, D. Bhatnagar, J. W. Bennett
Characterization Of Experimentally Induced, Nonaflatoxigenic Variant Strains Of Aspergillus Parasiticus., Shubha Kale Ireland, J. W. Cary, D. Bhatnagar, J. W. Bennett
Faculty and Staff Publications
Six previously isolated, nonaflatoxigenic variants of Aspergillus parasiticus, designated sec mutants, were characterized morphologically by electron microscopy, biochemically by biotransformation studies with an aflatoxin precursor, and genetically by Northern (RNA) hybridization analysis of aflatoxin biosynthetic gene transcripts. Scanning electron micrographs clearly demonstrated that compared with the parental sec+ forms, the variant sec forms had an abundance of vegetative mycelia, orders of magnitude reduced number of conidiophores and conidia, and abnormal metulae. Conidiospores were detected in sec cultures only at higher magnifications (x500), in contrast to the sec+ (wild-type) strain, in which abundant conidiospores (masking the vegetative mycelia) were observed even …