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Articles 421 - 450 of 452
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
River And Wastewater Effluent Nutrient Inputs Into The Salish Sea Model, Teizeen Mohamedali, Anise Ahmed, Sheelagh Mccarthy
River And Wastewater Effluent Nutrient Inputs Into The Salish Sea Model, Teizeen Mohamedali, Anise Ahmed, Sheelagh Mccarthy
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
The Salish Sea Model was developed by Pacific Northwest National Laboratories in collaboration with the Washington State Department of Ecology. The model is being used to evaluate the relative effects of human nutrient inputs and climate influences on the occurrence of low dissolved oxygen (DO) levels throughout the Salish Sea, with a focus on evaluating water quality in Puget Sound. Developing an inventory of point and nonpoint source nutrient inputs entering the Salish Sea is essential to the model’s development. This presentation will present some significant updates to nutrient inputs developed for the Salish Sea Model from wastewater treatment plants …
Some Like It Hot: Using Citizen Science To Identify Marine Bird Hotspots In Puget Sound, Timothy Jones, Scott F. Pearson, Julia Parrish, Toby Ross, Peter Hodum, Eric John Ward, Jennifer Lang, Adam Sedgley
Some Like It Hot: Using Citizen Science To Identify Marine Bird Hotspots In Puget Sound, Timothy Jones, Scott F. Pearson, Julia Parrish, Toby Ross, Peter Hodum, Eric John Ward, Jennifer Lang, Adam Sedgley
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
Puget Sound, situated in the southern portion of the Salish Sea, supports approximately 172 marine bird species that face a multitude of threats, ranging from chronic oiling to entanglement in derelict fishing gear. As local population numbers shift due to both intrinsic and extrinsic forcing (e.g., on the breeding grounds), understanding the pattern of species' use of habitats and locations across the Sound can inform conservation planning. Using data collected by the Puget Sound Seabird Survey (PSSS) - a citizen science program that collects information on the abundance and distribution of marine birds in the nearshore environment throughout Puget Sound …
Planning, Implementation, And Monitoring Pacific Salmonid Recovery Following The Removal Of Two Hydroelectric Dams On Washington's Elwha River, Roger J. Peters, Jeff Duda, George Pess, Martin Liermann, Sam Brenkman, Pat Crain, Brian Winter, Mike Mchenry, Joseph H. Anderson, Tim Randle
Planning, Implementation, And Monitoring Pacific Salmonid Recovery Following The Removal Of Two Hydroelectric Dams On Washington's Elwha River, Roger J. Peters, Jeff Duda, George Pess, Martin Liermann, Sam Brenkman, Pat Crain, Brian Winter, Mike Mchenry, Joseph H. Anderson, Tim Randle
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
The removal of Elwha and Glines Canyon dams on the Elwha River is the largest existing dam removal project in the United States. Project planning, implementation, and monitoring have occurred over 30 years and has required diverse technical expertise. Because of the size and nature of the project—two high-head dams releasing massive amounts of sediment into the river, estuary, and nearshore ecosystem—the project was unprecedented and required a great deal of technical expertise to plan, execute, and monitor. The relative success of this project required effective collaboration among individuals and organizations with varying missions. Individuals with diverse technical expertise (i.e., …
River Otters Of The Green-Duwamish: Biomonitors Of Ecological Health, Michelle Wainstein, Fred Koontz, Bobbi Miller, Gina Maria Ylitalo, Bernadita F. Anulacion, Daryle Boyd, Sandra O’Neill, Philippe Thomas, Cornelya Klutsch
River Otters Of The Green-Duwamish: Biomonitors Of Ecological Health, Michelle Wainstein, Fred Koontz, Bobbi Miller, Gina Maria Ylitalo, Bernadita F. Anulacion, Daryle Boyd, Sandra O’Neill, Philippe Thomas, Cornelya Klutsch
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
River otters (Lontra canadensis) are apex predators that play an important role in aquatic ecosystems. They accumulate contaminants via their diet of fish and invertebrates, potentially serving as biomonitors of watershed health. In summer and fall 2016, we collected 33 otter scats from sites along the Green-Duwamish River, ranging from river miles 0-54. River miles 0-5 represent the Lower Duwamish Waterway (LDW), a U.S. Superfund site slated for a 17-year remediation. Concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) at sites in the LDW were 9.1 and 19.3 mg/kg (geometric means, lipid weight) - above the reported threshold value of 9 mg/kg associated …
Geomorphic Challenges To Restoring Puget Sound Beaches, Hugh Shipman
Geomorphic Challenges To Restoring Puget Sound Beaches, Hugh Shipman
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
Beaches constitute more than 50% of Puget Sound’s 4000 km shoreline. More than a quarter are armored or buried under fill and many others have been impacted indirectly by changes to adjacent shorelines and to sediment transport regimes. Restoring these beaches typically involves removing bulkheads and groins, excavating historic fill, replacing lost sediment, and replumbing tidal inlets and stream mouths. We often emphasize process-based restoration, but for beaches, what does this mean? Geomorphic processes operating on beaches include erosion, deposition, overwash, sediment supply and transport, stream flow, and shoreline migration. These physical processes in turn impact ecosystems by shaping the …
Comparison Of Alexandrium Spp. Surface Sediment Cyst Maps From Quartermaster Harbor In 2007 And 2017, Cheryl Greengrove, Julie Masura, Thanh-Thuy Nguyen, Mitchell Schatz
Comparison Of Alexandrium Spp. Surface Sediment Cyst Maps From Quartermaster Harbor In 2007 And 2017, Cheryl Greengrove, Julie Masura, Thanh-Thuy Nguyen, Mitchell Schatz
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
Quartermaster Harbor (QMH), in central Puget Sound, has historically been a hotspot for the occurrence of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium spp. and associated summer shellfish bed closures. Alexandrium spp. overwinters as cysts in the sediment and germinates into swimming vegetative cells during the summer when conditions are right. Alexandrium spp. produces neurotoxins which can be concentrated in the tissue of filter-feeding shellfish, which in turn can be fatal to humans if ingested. In 2005, the first Puget Sound wide surface sediment cyst mapping survey found QMH to have the highest concentration of Alexandrium spp. cysts in the sound. A more …
Sightings Of Southern Resident Killer Whales In The Salish Sea 1976-2014, Shawn Larson, Jennifer Olsen, Richard Osborne
Sightings Of Southern Resident Killer Whales In The Salish Sea 1976-2014, Shawn Larson, Jennifer Olsen, Richard Osborne
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
Southern Resident Killer Whales (SRKWs) or orcas, Orcinus orca, are resident year round in the Salish Sea, the inland waterways of Washington State and Southern British Columbia. The Whale Museum (TWM) has been collecting opportunistic sightings reports on SRKWs since 1976 with a goal of providing managers and regulatory agencies with reliable spatial data on SRKWs. Information in this database comes from five identified killer whale sighting sources and is systematically evaluated for accuracy before integration into the data set. To date, TWM sighting database has documented a total of 83,428 SRKW sightings in the Salish Sea. Sightings are concentrated …
3d Hydrodynamic Modeling Of Lower Fraser River, Shaheli Masoom, Li Gu
3d Hydrodynamic Modeling Of Lower Fraser River, Shaheli Masoom, Li Gu
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
3-D Hydrodynamic Modelling of Lower Fraser River Shaheli Masoom and Li Gu Environmental Management and Quality Control Division, Liquid Waste Services Department, Metro Vancouver, Burnaby B.C., Canada Email: shaheli.masoom@metrovancouver.org; li.gu@metrovancouver.org Abstract Lower Fraser River, the largest fresh water inflow into the Salish Sea, receives discharges from the urban area of the Metro Vancouver region, along with treated effluent from three of Metro Vancouver Regional District’s (MVRD) wastewater treatment plants. The complex dynamics of this estuarine river plays a crucial role in the fate and effect of these liquid discharges. In particular, the mixing of fresh river water with dense saline …
Comprehensive Data Management For An Ocean Observatory: Onc's Oceans 2.0, Richard Dewey, Benoit Pirenne, Reyna Jenkyns
Comprehensive Data Management For An Ocean Observatory: Onc's Oceans 2.0, Richard Dewey, Benoit Pirenne, Reyna Jenkyns
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
Ocean Networks Canada operates several comprehensive cabled ocean networks and a suite of single-point marine observing systems across Canada. Data flow in real-time from hundreds of sensors, installed beneath the ocean bottom, though the water column, and at the ocean surface. ONC has built a complimentary data management system, Oceans 2.0 that allows for real-time acquisition, secure storage, data exploration, and data product delivery. Key elements of the Oceans 2.0 data management system will be high-lighted, with a focus on best practices and lessons learned.
Lessons From Elwha Ecosystem Restoration: Integrating Science, Policy, And Management, Pat Crain, Mike Mchenry, George Pess, Roger J. Peters, Joseph H. Anderson, Sam Brenkman, Jeffrey Duda
Lessons From Elwha Ecosystem Restoration: Integrating Science, Policy, And Management, Pat Crain, Mike Mchenry, George Pess, Roger J. Peters, Joseph H. Anderson, Sam Brenkman, Jeffrey Duda
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
After decades of debate, planning, and environmental impact studies, the largest planned dam removal project in history was conducted on the Elwha River in Washington State, USA, from 2011 to 2014. Because this was such a unique and unprecedented project, the planning, implementation, and monitoring has occurred over 30 years and required diverse expertise across multiple stakeholders. This knowledge portfolio required that individuals and organizations with different missions collaborate effectively to ensure a successful project. The story of this river, with rugged headwaters, protected wilderness, legendary and culturally important salmon runs, and two hydroelectric dams whose placement marshaled wholesale socioeconomic …
Sea Lice Infection Rates On Juvenile Chum Salmon In A Salish Sea Fjord With No Atlantic Salmon Net Pens, Micah Wait, James Fletcher, Adrian Tuohy
Sea Lice Infection Rates On Juvenile Chum Salmon In A Salish Sea Fjord With No Atlantic Salmon Net Pens, Micah Wait, James Fletcher, Adrian Tuohy
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
In 2017, Wild Fish Conservancy documented sea louse (Lepeoptheirus salmonis) infection rates on juvenile chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) in the nearshore waters of Hood Canal, WA. Transmission of sea lice from the adult fish captive in salmon farms to wild outmigrating juvenile salmon has been posited as a primary impact of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) open net pen farming in the Salish Sea. Hood Canal is an isolated fjord that makes up the westernmost arm of Puget Sound. There are no open net pen Atlantic salmon farms in Hood Canal, sampling here should establish rates of sea lice infection on …
Assessing Harmful Algal Bloom Risk In Puget Sound: A Coupled Modeling-Data Analysis Approach, D. L. Woodruff, Taiping Wang, Stephanie K. Moore, Zhaoqing Yang, Ning Sun, Jerry Borchert, Audrey Coyne, Guillaume Mauger, Valerie Cullinan
Assessing Harmful Algal Bloom Risk In Puget Sound: A Coupled Modeling-Data Analysis Approach, D. L. Woodruff, Taiping Wang, Stephanie K. Moore, Zhaoqing Yang, Ning Sun, Jerry Borchert, Audrey Coyne, Guillaume Mauger, Valerie Cullinan
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
The increased frequency, duration and geographic extent of toxic Alexandrium blooms in Puget Sound presents new challenges of how to best allocate resources available for toxin monitoring of shellfish in order to protect human health. Monitoring plans are typically based on shellfish toxicity patterns from the recent past; however, the increasing trend in Alexandrium blooms means that managers are chasing a moving target. With projected future changes in global and regional climate, the risk of toxic Alexandrium blooms is expected to increase. Through funding from NOAA’s Coastal and Ocean Climate Applications Program, we are developing a harmful algal bloom (HAB) …
An Overview Of The Salish Sea Model: Existence Of Reflux Mixing And Recurring Hypoxia, Tarang Khangaonkar, Adi Nugraha, Wenwei Xu, Wen Long, Laura Bianucci, Anise Ahmed, Teizeen Mohamedali, G. J. Pelletier, Cristiana Figueroa-Kaminsky
An Overview Of The Salish Sea Model: Existence Of Reflux Mixing And Recurring Hypoxia, Tarang Khangaonkar, Adi Nugraha, Wenwei Xu, Wen Long, Laura Bianucci, Anise Ahmed, Teizeen Mohamedali, G. J. Pelletier, Cristiana Figueroa-Kaminsky
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
An improved version of a diagnostic hydrodynamic and biogeochemical model (nutrients, phytoplankton, carbon, dissolved oxygen, pH) of the Salish Sea has been developed with the ability to simulate characteristic circulation and water quality features. Notable improvements include expansion of the model domain beyond the Salish Sea, encompassing Vancouver Island and out to the continental shelf boundary. In this talk we present an overview of the model setup describing the model domain coverage, modeling framework, development of boundary conditions, and tidal, riverine, wastewater, and meteorological inputs. Ability of the model to reproduce known circulation features within the Salish Sea is highlighted. …
Uptake And Trophic Changes Of Pbdes In The Benthic Marine Food Chain, Brenda Burd, Chris Lowe, Carmen Morales, Peter Ross
Uptake And Trophic Changes Of Pbdes In The Benthic Marine Food Chain, Brenda Burd, Chris Lowe, Carmen Morales, Peter Ross
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
We examine the influence of sediment factors on uptake of PBDEs into marine deposit and filter feeders, and transfer to higher trophic levels. Sediment PBDEs increase with %toc, AVS, organic flux, and fines. As a result, coarser, less organic sediments in JdF have lower [PBDEs] than the southern SoG. Sediment feeder [PBDE] variance was best explained by AVS>[PBDEs]>%TOC>OC flux. Therefore, increasing organic input and burn-down, and sediment PBDEs enhance tissue PBDEs. Dry weight PBDE accumulation (tissue/sediment) in sediment feeders decreased with increasing sediment PBDEs, resulting in tissue dilution at sediment concentrations >10,000pg/g in urban harbours. PBDE accumulation …
Introduction To Challenges And Solutions For Shoreline Armor Removal And Design Of Soft Shore Protection, Jessica Cote, Kathryn E. Ketteridge
Introduction To Challenges And Solutions For Shoreline Armor Removal And Design Of Soft Shore Protection, Jessica Cote, Kathryn E. Ketteridge
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
Along coastlines all over the world, land use development has created a need for holding the shoreline in a static position or at least minimizing the dynamic movement of the shoreline. Intense development along the shorelines of the Salish Sea from the 1950s to the 1970s was conducted with limited regulatory oversight or understanding of the cumulative impacts that housing, transportation corridors and other infrastructure would have on the marine environment. Over the last couple of decades it has become widely understood that the practice of using hard armor (timber walls, concrete walls and rockeries) to stabilize shorelines has degraded …
Evaluation Salish Sea Marine Bird Indicators With Insights From Recent Research By Professional And Citizen Scientists, Scott F. Pearson, Martin G. (Martin George) Raphael
Evaluation Salish Sea Marine Bird Indicators With Insights From Recent Research By Professional And Citizen Scientists, Scott F. Pearson, Martin G. (Martin George) Raphael
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
Marine birds are often viewed as good ecological indicators because they are relatively well studied and time-series data are often available, our understanding of their population biology is often extremely high, some species are tightly linked to their prey resources and, as upper trophic predators, they offer an integrative view of the dynamics at lower levels of the food web. In 2014, at-sea abundance and trends of the rhinoceros auklet, pigeon guillemot, marbled murrelet and scoters were collectively selected by the Puget Sound Partnership as indicators of the health of the Puget Sound marine food web. Long-term trends for these …
Strait Of Georgia Data Centre, Terry Curran, Isobel Pearsall, Benjamin Skinner
Strait Of Georgia Data Centre, Terry Curran, Isobel Pearsall, Benjamin Skinner
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
No abstract provided.
Harmful Phytoplankton In The Salish Sea: Part I, Teri King
Harmful Phytoplankton In The Salish Sea: Part I, Teri King
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
No abstract provided.
Supporting Diverse Pacific Nw Marine Data Access Needs Via The Nanoos Visualization System (Nvs) And Data Services, Emilio Mayorga, Troy Tanner, Jonathan Allan, J. A. (Jan A.) Newton, Rachel Wold
Supporting Diverse Pacific Nw Marine Data Access Needs Via The Nanoos Visualization System (Nvs) And Data Services, Emilio Mayorga, Troy Tanner, Jonathan Allan, J. A. (Jan A.) Newton, Rachel Wold
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
Serving PNW users via the ANANOOS Visualization System: Data integration and management.
Cumulative Effects On Southern Resident Killer Whales (Orcinus Orca), Sharlene Shaikh, Cecilia Wong, Michael Rylko, Todd Hass
Cumulative Effects On Southern Resident Killer Whales (Orcinus Orca), Sharlene Shaikh, Cecilia Wong, Michael Rylko, Todd Hass
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
No abstract provided.
Using Collaborative Multi-Sector Partnerships To Address Sea Level Rise In Washington State, Bobbak Talebi
Using Collaborative Multi-Sector Partnerships To Address Sea Level Rise In Washington State, Bobbak Talebi
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
No abstract provided.
Why Georeferencing Matters: Introducing A Practical Protocol To Prepare Species Occurrence Records For Spatial Analysis, Trevor D.S. Bloom, Aquila Flower, Eric G. Dechaine
Why Georeferencing Matters: Introducing A Practical Protocol To Prepare Species Occurrence Records For Spatial Analysis, Trevor D.S. Bloom, Aquila Flower, Eric G. Dechaine
Environmental Sciences Faculty and Staff Publications
Species Distribution Models (SDMs) are widely used to understand environmental controls on species’ ranges and to forecast species range shifts in response to climatic changes. The quality of input data is crucial determinant of the model’s accuracy. While museum records can be useful sources of presence data for many species, they do not always include accurate geographic coordinates. Therefore, actual locations must be verified through the process of georeferencing. We present a practical, standardized manual georeferencing method (the Spatial Analysis Georeferencing Accuracy (SAGA) protocol) to classify the spatial resolution of museum records specifically for building improved SDMs. We used the …
Characterizing Potential Bacterial Pathogens Of Pisaster Ochraceus Sea Stars With Wasting Disease, Chelsea Hutchinson
Characterizing Potential Bacterial Pathogens Of Pisaster Ochraceus Sea Stars With Wasting Disease, Chelsea Hutchinson
WWU Graduate School Collection
In 2013 sea star wasting disease (SSWD) caused an epizootic in over 20 species of asteroids along the west coast of North America. To see if SSWD was still affecting wild populations, we surveyed populations of the sea star, Pisaster ochraceus, in Birch Bay, WA. Our surveys indicated that advanced symptoms (lesion formation) increased 73% from July to September in 2017. To understand the role of bacteria in SSWD, we isolated bacteria with tissue-degrading potential from epidermal tissues of P. ochraceus animals in Birch Bay, WA. Next, we identified these isolates via 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Our results indicated …
Site Occupancy Analysis Of The Sagebrush Lizard (Sceloporus Graciosus) In The Disappearing Desert-Scrub Of The Columbia Basin, Ryan R. (Ryan Robert) Drake
Site Occupancy Analysis Of The Sagebrush Lizard (Sceloporus Graciosus) In The Disappearing Desert-Scrub Of The Columbia Basin, Ryan R. (Ryan Robert) Drake
WWU Graduate School Collection
The shrub-steppe landscape of the Columbia Basin has been the target of agricultural and urban development, and the resulting fragmentation and degradation has led to the disappearance of unique arid mesohabitats. In central Washington, the sandy lowland habitats resembling desert-scrub, which under natural conditions are characterized by a shrub-and-sand mosaic, have become increasingly degraded by humans directly (e.g., flooding, agriculture) or indirectly (e.g. cheatgrass introduction). These habitats have unique community assemblages with species adapted to the sandy substrates and unobstructed matrix between shrubs. While much conservation literature focuses on the loss of shrubsteppe habitat, there has been little research on …
Joint Motions Of The Knee, Hip, And Trunk During A Single-Leg Step-Down Test And Running, Cody J. Brocato
Joint Motions Of The Knee, Hip, And Trunk During A Single-Leg Step-Down Test And Running, Cody J. Brocato
WWU Graduate School Collection
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between kinematic variables at the knee, hip, and trunk during a single-leg step-down test (SDT) and running. Twenty-five healthy subjects (12 male, 13 female) participated in the study; mean ± SD age, 32.8 ± 5.9 years; height, 173.9 ± 8.7 cm; body mass, 70.84 ± 11.3 kg; run volume, 59.5 ± 30.4 km/wk; cadence, 173.1 ± 11.5 steps/min). Dominant leg peak knee flexion was identified during the run (PKF-RUN) and used to find frontal plane knee and hip, and sagittal plane trunk angles. The same treadmill-matched knee flexion angle for …
A Comparison Of The Effect Of Conditioning Activity Type On Post-Activation Potentiation, Alexander I. Grey
A Comparison Of The Effect Of Conditioning Activity Type On Post-Activation Potentiation, Alexander I. Grey
WWU Graduate School Collection
This study compared the effects of two conditioning exercise types on subsequent countermovement jump performance. Fifteen male collegiate rugby players (age 21.1 ± 2.3) completed two experimental protocols in a randomized order. The first protocol consisted of 3 sets of a 5 second maximal isometric half squat (ISO), with 1 minute rest intervals between sets. The second protocol consisted of 2 sets of 5 depth jumps (DJ) at a platform height which was determined by the athletes’ reactive strength index (RSI). These methods were each adapted from prior literature where post-activation potentiation (PAP) was achieved, in order to determine the …
Wasted And Castrated: Two Diseases Affecting The Ochre Star, Pisaster Ochraceus, In North America, Zoë Zilz
Wasted And Castrated: Two Diseases Affecting The Ochre Star, Pisaster Ochraceus, In North America, Zoë Zilz
WWU Graduate School Collection
Understanding the diseases that plague marine organisms is essential to the management and conservation of coastal ecosystems, especially in the face of a possible sixth mass extinction. An increase in mass-mortality events, often caused by epizootics, is modifying intertidal ecosystems. When predators that have disproportionately large trophic impacts on their community and maintain community structure (i.e., keystone predators) suffer from widespread population declines it destabilizes population dynamics ecosystem-wide, and can have long-term or sometimes permanent effects. This thesis is comprised of two studies that examined two maladies affecting a keystone predator, the ochre star Pisaster ochraceus, in Eastern Pacific …
Does Cycling Cadence Affect Interlimb Symmetry In Pedaling Power In Individuals With Parkinson's Disease?, Gary D. Wiley Jr.
Does Cycling Cadence Affect Interlimb Symmetry In Pedaling Power In Individuals With Parkinson's Disease?, Gary D. Wiley Jr.
WWU Graduate School Collection
Cycling at faster pedaling rates leads to symptomatic improvement in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, these patients show inter-limb asymmetry in pedaling power when cycling at their slow self-selected cadence. The effects of faster pedaling cadence on symmetry of effort between limbs is unknown. We compared the effect of pedaling cadence on symmetry of crank power output in individuals with PD versus healthy controls. In this case series, two participants with PD and two healthy controls performed 3-minute bouts of stationary cycling at three cadences (50, 65, 80 rpm) at 60W and self-selected workload. Power output contribution of each …
Evaluation Of The Stream Function Assessment Methodology (Sfam) In Watersheds Of The Puget Sound Lowlands, Michelle Bahnick
Evaluation Of The Stream Function Assessment Methodology (Sfam) In Watersheds Of The Puget Sound Lowlands, Michelle Bahnick
WWU Graduate School Collection
Effective stream management requires identification of anthropogenic degradation effects on stream functioning. However, few stream assessment protocols aim to evaluate stream functions (i.e., ecosystem processes), integrate multiple disciplines, and combine stream reach assessment with landscape-level context. To address these shortcomings, several agencies in Oregon collaborated to develop the Stream Function Assessment Methodology (SFAM). However, SFAM has yet to be tested against established protocols and some SFAM metrics have no equivalent data sources outside of Oregon. I conducted SFAM (2015 draft version) on 36 stream reaches in Water Resource Inventory Area 8 in Washington State. I compared SFAM scores to commensurate …
Long-Term Propagule Pressure Overwhelms Early Community Determination Of Invader Success In A Serpentine Grassland, Amanda N. Carr
Long-Term Propagule Pressure Overwhelms Early Community Determination Of Invader Success In A Serpentine Grassland, Amanda N. Carr
WWU Graduate School Collection
The role of plant diversity in reducing invasions has generated decades of debate. Diverse communities might be more resistant to invasion because the communities contain resident species that are functionally similar to the invader (limiting similarity/sampling effect), or the residents use the range of available resources more effectively (complementarity) than single species. However, the resistance of diverse communities to invasion appears to decline with increasing spatial and temporal scale, in a phenomenon called the “invasion paradox.” I addressed two groups of hypotheses related to this paradox, broadly that: (1) functional diversity and functional identity resist invasion initially, via complementarity or …