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Articles 1 - 7 of 7
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Interrogation Of The Inkt-Mait Cell Interface, Nicole I. Wang
Interrogation Of The Inkt-Mait Cell Interface, Nicole I. Wang
Undergraduate Student Research Internships Conference
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells and mucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are unique subsets of invariant T cells that are involved in regulating various tumor responses and display potent anti-microbial properties. Upon their activation, iNKT and MAIT cells secrete large quantities of T helper 1 (Th1)-, Th2-, and Th17-type cytokines that mediate their ability to regulate a variety of other immune cells, including B cells, natural killer cells, and macrophages. However, whether and how iNKT and MAIT cells regulate each other in vivo remains unknown. Here, we provide evidence for a cross-talk between iNKT and MAIT cells that resembles …
The Impacts Of Psychological Stress On Innate-Like Invariant T Cell Survival, Phenotype, And Function, Patrick Rudak
The Impacts Of Psychological Stress On Innate-Like Invariant T Cell Survival, Phenotype, And Function, Patrick Rudak
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The nervous system serves numerous critical roles in the regulation of immune responses. Consequently, psychological stress can result in immunosuppressive states that are conducive to the development of infection and cancer. Yet, whether stress impacts the functions of innate-like T lymphocytes including invariant natural killer T (iNKT) and mucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, which participate in early host defense against pathogens and tumors, remains poorly understood. In this thesis, I leveraged multiple established methods with which to induce psychological stress in mice. I demonstrate that TH1- and TH2-type immune responses initiated by iNKT …
Forebrain Cholinergic Signaling Regulates Innate Immune Responses And Inflammation, Ashbeel Roy, Vania F. Prado, Marco A.M Prado, Robert Gros, Kurt R. Lehner, Harold A. Silvernman, Meghan E. Addorissio, Mohammed A. Al-Onaizi, Yaakov Levine, Peder S. Olofsson, Sangeeta S. Chavan, Neil M. Nathanson, Yousef Al-Abed, Christine N. Metz, Kevin J. Tracey, Valentin A. Pavlov
Forebrain Cholinergic Signaling Regulates Innate Immune Responses And Inflammation, Ashbeel Roy, Vania F. Prado, Marco A.M Prado, Robert Gros, Kurt R. Lehner, Harold A. Silvernman, Meghan E. Addorissio, Mohammed A. Al-Onaizi, Yaakov Levine, Peder S. Olofsson, Sangeeta S. Chavan, Neil M. Nathanson, Yousef Al-Abed, Christine N. Metz, Kevin J. Tracey, Valentin A. Pavlov
Anatomy and Cell Biology Publications
The brain regulates physiological functions integral to survival. However, the insight into brain neuronal regulation of peripheral immune function and the neuromediator systems and pathways involved remains limited. Here, utilizing selective genetic and pharmacological approaches, we studied the role of forebrain cholinergic signaling in the regulation of peripheral immune function and inflammation. Forebrain-selective genetic ablation of acetylcholine release and vagotomy abolished the suppression of serum TNF by the centrally-acting cholinergic drug galantamine in murine endotoxemia. Selective stimulation of acetylcholine action on the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M1 mAChR) by central administration of the positive allosteric modulator benzyl quinolone carboxylic acid …
Regulation Of Lps-Induced Neuroinflammation By Targeting Microglia In Vivo Using Chemogenetics, William Chett Binning
Regulation Of Lps-Induced Neuroinflammation By Targeting Microglia In Vivo Using Chemogenetics, William Chett Binning
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Peripheral inflammation can profoundly alter motivational processes and generate behavioral symptoms of sickness. Microglia, the innate immune cells of the brain, orchestrate neuroinflammation and have long been thought to be important for sickness behavior. However, their precise roles remain obscure due to their complex bidirectional interactions with neurons in vivo, which regulate how microglia respond to inflammatory signals and interact with neurons. Neuron-microglia interactions can be at least partially mediated by various types of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) expressed by microglia. Here, we generated a microglia specific hM3Gq-DREADD (designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs) mouse line in which hM3Gq …
Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor: Its Role In Gut-Homing Macrophage Generation And Colitis, And Production By Probiotics, Shahab Meshkibaf
Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor: Its Role In Gut-Homing Macrophage Generation And Colitis, And Production By Probiotics, Shahab Meshkibaf
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The pleiotropic cytokine granulocyte-colony stimulatory factor (G-CSF) is mainly required for the generation of neutrophils, but its role in macrophage generation has also been reported. In addition, G-CSF is effective for the down-regulation of inflammatory cytokines and ameliorating gut disorders, such as colitis. However, the G-CSF function in macrophage generation and gut immunity remains unclear. The first focus of this thesis was to assess the role of G-CSF in macrophage generation and its contribution to gut immunity. G-CSF was found to promote the generation of Gr-1high/F4/80+ macrophages in macrophage (M)-CSF-treated bone marrow cells, most likely through suppressing cell death. Gr-1high …
Role Of Il-10 In The Immune Response To Staphylococcus Aureus Nasal Carriage, Teresa Fernandez Plaza
Role Of Il-10 In The Immune Response To Staphylococcus Aureus Nasal Carriage, Teresa Fernandez Plaza
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Staphylococcus aureus is a human pathogen with the potential to cause life-threatening diseases, but it can also be found as a commensal in up to 50% of the population. Its main reservoir is located in the nostrils, where macrophages are the principal mucosal APC and elicit a predominantly IL-10 response. Induction of IL-10 requires phosohoinositide 3-kinase activity, upon stimulation with S. aureus ligands through toll-like receptor 2 binding. It is hypothesized that IL-10 production by macrophages in the nasal mucosa allows S. aureus to persist in this niche as a commensal. To test this hypothesis, a cohort of S. aureus …
The Role Of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor In The Intestinal Immune System And The Response To Probiotics, Andrew J. Martins
The Role Of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor In The Intestinal Immune System And The Response To Probiotics, Andrew J. Martins
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Loss of immunoregulation in the intestine results in inflammation, such as is observed in the chronic, relapsing, inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. However, our understanding of this process remains incomplete. The cytokine granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is an important stimulator of granulopoiesis in steady-state and during inflammation, but has also been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects and is a potential therapeutic for IBD. In addition, certain strains of bacteria, termed probiotics, have been postulated to have anti-inflammatory effects in the intestine. The mechanisms by which these strains of bacteria elicit anti-inflammatory effects are not fully understood. …