Life Sciences Commons^™

Seed Ecology And Regeneration Processes To Inform Seed-Based Wetland Restoration, Emily E. Tarsa

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Wetlands provide immense value to wildlife and humans but have been degrading rapidly around the world. One major challenge is the loss of native plant species in wetlands, which limits the ability of wetlands to function as they should. Restoring wetlands requires a combination of removing the cause of degradation (such as invasive plant species) and, in many cases, actively returning native plants to the site especially via seeding. Further, early plant life stages are the most vulnerable for plants and is often the time in which sown species die and fail to establish. Thus, understanding how and why seeds …

Evaluation Of Damage To Forest Tree Plantations By Wild Boar In The Czech Republic, Vlastimil Skoták, Jakub Drimaj, Jiří Kamler

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Wild boar (Sus scrofa) populations in Central Europe have been growing long-term, and damages to crops and forests where boars damage freshly planted tree seedlings are growing too. In addition to having a significant economic impact, these damages worsen the prospect of successful restoration of bare land. This study presents an analysis of damage to tree seedling plantations caused by wild boar in the Czech Republic. We used data from an extensive questionnaire survey among forest owners, our own survey of the extent of damage in model areas, and experiments in locations with a large boar population. Damage …

Patterns Of Post-Fire Aspen Seedling Establishment, Growth, And Mortality In The Western United States, Mark Regier Kreider

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Sexual seedling establishment in aspen is increasingly recognized as an important natural regeneration pathway for the species in the western U.S. However, information on seedling abundance as well as factors influencing aspen sexual regeneration is limited and frequently anecdotal, due to historical assumptions of seedling rarity as well as difficulty identifying sexual seedlings from asexual aspen sucker regeneration. This thesis contributes to the field of aspen seedling ecology in three major ways. Chapter 1 utilizes historical aspen seedling occurrences in the western U.S. and a systematic field survey of 2018 fire footprints to explore patterns and test assumptions of aspen …

Expression Of The High-Affinity K+ Transporter 1 (Pphkt1) Gene From Almond Rootstock ‘Nemaguard’ Improved Salt Tolerance Of Transgenic Arabidopsis, Amita Kaundal, Devinder Sandhu, Marco Duenas, Jorge F. S. Ferreira

Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications

Soil salinity affects plant growth and development, which directly impact yield. Plants deploy many mechanisms to cope with, or mitigate, salt stress. One of such mechanism is to control movement of ions from root to shoot by regulating the loading of Na+ in the transpiration stream. The high-affinity K+ transporter 1 (HKT1) is known to play a role in the removal of Na+from the xylem and bring it back to the root. As almond is a salt-sensitive crop, the rootstock plays an important role in successful almond cultivation in salt-affected regions. We currently lack knowledge on the molecular mechanisms involved …

A Landscape-Level Assessment Of Whitebark Pine Regeneration In The Rocky Mountains, Usa, Sara A. Goeking, Deborah K. Izlar, Thomas C. Edwards Jr.

Wildland Resources Faculty Publications

Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.) has recently experienced high mortality due to multiple stressors, and future population viability may rely on natural regeneration. We assessed whitebark pine seedling densities throughout the US Rocky Mountains and identified stand, site, and climatic variables related to seedling presence based on data from 1,217 USDA Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis plots. Although mean densities were highest in the whitebark pine forest type, 83% of sites with seedlings present occurred in non-whitebark pine forest types, and the highest densities occurred in the lodgepole pine forest type. To identify factors related to whitebark pine …

Loss-Of-Function Of Constitutive Expresser Of Pathogenesis Related Genes5 Affects Potassium Homeostasis In Arabidopsis Thaliana, Monica Borghi, Ana Rus, David E. Salt

Biology Faculty Publications

Here, we demonstrate that the reduction in leaf K+ observed in a mutant previously identified in an ionomic screen of fast neutron mutagenized Arabidopsis thaliana is caused by a loss-of-function allele of CPR5, which we name cpr5-3. This observation establishes low leaf K+ as a new phenotype for loss-of-function alleles of CPR5. We investigate the factors affecting this low leaf K+ in cpr5 using double mutants defective in salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) signalling, and by gene expression analysis of various channels and transporters. Reciprocal grafting between cpr5 and Col-0 was used to determine the relative importance of …

Quaking Aspen Reproduce From Seed After Wildfire In The Mountains Of Southeastern Arizona, Ronald D. Quinn, Lin Wu

Aspen Bibliography

Quaking aspen regenerated from seed after a stand replacement wildfire in the Chiricahua Mountains of southeastern Arizona. The wildfire had created gaps in the canopy so that aspen were able to establish from seed. Seedlings were found at a mean density of 0.17 m–2, 30 m or more from the nearest potential seed trees. Six clumps of aspen seedlings contained 18–186 trees, occupying areas of 145–500 square meters at densities of 0.09-0.27 m–2. White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) browsed 14.3% of the seedlings. Occasional sexual reproduction of aspen may be a general trait of the species throughout the western portion of …

Logging In Alaska's Boreal Forest: Creation Of Grasslands Or Enhancement Of Moose Habitat, William B. Collins, Charles C. Schwartz

Aspen Bibliography

Timber harvest in Alaska’s boreal forest can greatly enhance or severely reduce moose (Alces alces) habitat quality, depending on forest management objectives, timing and methods of harvest, and post-logging site preparation. Overstory removal associated with timely exposure of mineral soil favors establishment of early successional hardwoods important as moose browse. A combination of clear-cutting and soil scarification on mesic sites mimics fire, windfall, and fluvial erosion, important natural forces that drive regeneration of the boreal forest. When cut during dormancy, aspen (Populus tremuloides) and balsam poplar (P. balsamifera) Regenerate prolifically by root and stump …

Effects Of Chemical Weed Control And Seedling Planting Depth On Survival And Growth Of Aspen, G.L. Reighard, G. Howe, J.W. Hanover

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Sexual Reproduction, Seeds, And Seedlings In Aspen: Ecology And Management In The Western United States, W.T. Mcdonough

Aspen Bibliography

Natural genetic interchange and extensive colonization of aspen by seed strongly depends upon favorable climatic and microclimate conditions and upon human intervention.

Effects Of Water And Temperature In Aspen: Ecology And Management In The Western United States, J.R. Jones, Merrill R. Kaufmann, E.A. Richardson

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

The Anatomical And Morphological Effects Of Dcpa On Seedlings Of Selected Species Of Plants, Bijan Shaybany

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Seeds of oat, green foxtail, squash and tomato were germinated in soil treated with different levels of DCPA (dimethyl 2, 3, 5, 6-tetrachlorote-rephthalate). The concentrations used varied according to the sensitivity of the plants to the chemical.

The response of oat and foxtail to DCPA was similar. The growth of booth root and shoot was reduced. This reduction was directly related to the concentration of DCPA. Anatomical studies showed that cells in the shoot and root meristems of treated plants were completely disarranged and that some of the cells of these regions were hypertrophied. Some clumping of nuclei was observed …

The Inhibitory Effects Of Tarweed Upon The Germination And Growth Of Seedlings, Glenn F. Carnahan

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Extensive areas of potentially productive but depleted range land in the United States are occupied by a weed commonly known aa cluster tarweed (Madia glomerata). Moat attempts at seeding these areas to useful forage plants have resulted in failure. Many of these failures have been attributed to the vigorous competitive growth of tarweed plants. More recent observations of seedings in tarweed areas and laboratory work at the University of Utah indicate that tarweed is not only a strong competitor but may also produce substances which inhibit the germination and growth of other species of plants.