Life Sciences Commons^™

Relationship Between Measures Of Semen Quality And Fertility In Bulls Mated Under Natural Conditions, J. N. Wiltbank, W. W. Rowden, J. E. Ingalls

Historical Research Bulletins of the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station

An evaluation of the relationship between several measures of semen quality and fertility of bulls mated under natural conditions has been conducted over a three-year period. Semen was collected three different times with an electro-ejaculator from bulls used in the fertility tests. Collections were made at weekly intervals. Fertility was evaluated by mating bulls to heifers starting about three days after the last collection. Semen quality refers to the percent abnormals and the percent motility evaluated at the time of collection. Fertility was measured by the proportion of heifers that settled at natural service. Several multiple regression equations were calculated. …

Factors Affecting Nesting Success Of The Canvasback In The Aspen Parklands, Jerome H. Stoudt

USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center

The Minnedosa study area is located in the southwestern portion of Manitoba just south of the town of Minnedosa. It is 90 square miles in size and roughly square in shape. The Aspen Parkland, in which the study area is located, is characterized by gently rolling terrain and black soils. Mixed farming is the rule with emphasis on small grain production consisting of wheat, barley, and oats. Roughly 50 percent of the water areas in the parkland are ringed with aspen, Populus tremuloides, and large blocks of aspen are interspersed throughout the area. The Minnedosa area differs because of …

Genetic Control Of The Metabolism Of O-Hydroxycinnamic Acid Precursors In Melilotus Alba, Francis A. Haskins, T. Kosuge

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

In sweetclover (Melilotus aIba Desr.) the cis and trans isomers of o-hydroxycinnamic acid occur primarily as the respective β-D-glucosides (Rudorf and Schwarze 1958; Kosuge 1961; Haskins and Gorz 1961a; Stoker and Bellis 1962). The review of Brown (1963) summarizes evidence that these glucosides are formed via the following pathway: phenylalanine (formed from shikimic acid) → trans-cinnamic acid → trans-o-hydroxycinnamic acid (o-coumaric acid) trans-β-D-glucosyl-o-hydroxycinnamic acid (o-coumaric acid glucoside) → cis-β-D-glucosyl-o-hydroxycinnamic acid (coumarinic acid glucoside). Sweetclover plants of the Cu Cu genotype contain substantial amounts of both …

Ultraviolet-Induced Isomerization Of Β-D-Glucosyl O-Hydroxycinnamic Acid On Filter Paper, Andris Kleinhofs, Francis A. Haskins, Herman J. Gorz

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Coumarinic acid glucoside (β-D-glucosyl cis-o-hydroxycinnamic acid) and o-coumaric acid glucoside (β-D-glucosyl &am-o-hydroxycinnamic acid) are readily detected as absorbing areas on filter paper chromatograms exposed to ultraviolet light at wavelengths near 260 mp. Long wavelength ultraviolet radiation is frequently used to detect fluorescent compounds closely related to these two glucosides. The foregoing facts prompted this investigation concerning the influence of both long and short wavelength ultraviolet light on small amounts of coumarinic acid glucoside and o-coumaric acid glucoside, air-dried on filter paper strips. Ultraviolet-induced interconversion of these two isomers in aqueous solutions is well known.

Nebraska Bird Review (October 1965) 33(4), Whole Issue

Nebraska Bird Review

Table of Contents

1965 (Fortieth) Spring Migration and Occurrence Report ......................54

Two Unusual Birds Reported ......................65

Correction to 1964 Spring Report ......................65

Honorary Member - Harold J. D. Turner ......................66

Excerpts from Letters ...................... 66

M. A. Carriker, Jr. ...................... 68

A Parasitized Prairie Chicken Nest ......................68

Book Reviews ...................... 69

Index of Volume XXXIII ...................... 70

The Elusive Musk Ducks, Paul A. Johnsgard

Papers in Ornithology

If one were to try to choose the most remarkable duck in the world, serious consideration would have to be given the Australian Musk Duck (Biziura lobata) of the family Anatidae. Among its unusual features are the great dimorphism of the sexes (males weigh eight pounds or more and are about three feet from bill to tail; females weigh two to three pounds and measure about two feet), the leathery pendent lobe that is located on the lower mandible, the strong odor of musk that is prominent in males during the breeding season, and the remarkably large eggs (averaging one-half …

Studies On The Helminth Fauna Of Alaska. Xliii. Strigea Macropharynx Sp. N., A Trematode Parasite Of Falco Rusticolus L., Georges Dubois, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Strigea macropharynx sp. n. (Trematoda : Strigeata, Strigeidae), an intestinal parasite of Falco rusticolus L., is described. Falconiformes harbor two species of Strigea (S. falconis Szidat, 1928, and S. macroconophora,/i> Dubois and Rausch, 1950) with vitellaria terminating near the copulatory bursa. Both differ from the new species in having a pharynx that is smaller than or subequal to the buccal sucker, as well as in other details. In S. elegans Chandler and Rausch, 1947, a parasite of Strigiformes, the eggs are larger, the testes of different form, and the vitellaria extend significantly farther into the region of the copulatory …

Review Of Modern Biological Principles By A.M. Winchester; Van Nostrand, 1965, John J. Janovy Jr.

John Janovy Publications

Review of Modern Biological Principles by A.M. Winchester; Van Nostrand, 1965.

Ultrasonic Tracking Of Migratory Fishes With An Internal Tag, Ross M. Horrall, H. F. Henderson, A. D. Hasler

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

First paragraph:

A small ultrasonic tag, 9 mm by 40 mm in size, has been developed by members of the fish orientation group at the University of Wisconsin. The tag emits a continuous signal at approximately 65 kc/sec. The signal is received via a directional hydrophone and a high quality communications receiver. Tracking ranges of up to 1 km have been obtained. The placement of the tag is internal: either into the stomach or into the body cavity of the fish. The tags and tracking equipment have been successfully employed in studies on the open water movements and orientation of …

The Coccidian Parasites (Protozoa, Sporozoa) Of Rodents, Norman D. Levine, Virginia Ivens

Harold W. Manter Laboratory: Library Materials

This monograph summarizes the known information on taxonomy, morphology, life cycle, hosts, location in the host, pathogenicity, geographic distribution, and cross-transmission studies of the 196 named species of coccidia of rodents. These include 176 species of Eimeria, 9 of Isospora, 3 of Wenyonella, 2 each of Cryptosporidium and Klossiella, and 1 each of Dorisiella, Caryospora, Tyzzeria, and Klossia. In addition, similar data are given for those forms for which insufficient information is available to justify assigning them names.

Eimeria, which is the most common genus, has been described from only 15% …

Plant Communities: Native Vegetation Of Nebraska, J. E. Weaver

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Thanks to our rapid increase in population ,and the largely indiscriminate spread of urban, industrial, and transport facilities, the time is not far distant when land-use capabilities must receive much more attention than they have enjoyed. Natural, that is pre-settlement, vegetation, integrating as it did the manifold factors of environment, is un-excelled as a guide to potential land use.

Paternal Half-Sib Correlations Between Pairs In The Same And Different Herds, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Correlations were computed between first lactation milk records expressed as deviations from herd-mate averages of pairs of Holstein paternal half-sibs in the same and in different herds. These were compared to the comparable daughter-dam regressions. After correcting the daughter-dam regression for environmental correlation and change in variance from the dam to the daughter generation, both the daughter- dam and paternal half-sib estimates of heritability were about .34, which suggests that maternal genetic variance is. unimportant. This estimate is, however, higher than the .25 found from the paternal half-sib estimate from an analysis for variance components.

The comparison of the half-sib …

The Breeding Population Of Waterfowl On The Chippewa National Forest, John Mathiesen

USDA Forest Service / UNL Faculty Publications

The purpose of this paper is to describe the characteristics of the breeding waterfowl population on the Chippewa National Forest in north central Minnesota.

Genetic Covariances Among Relatives For Dairy Lactation Records, L. Dale Van Vleck, G. E. Bradford

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Trios of first lactation records of a cow, her dam, and her granddam were analyzed in an attempt to distinguish between additive by additive genetic effects and maternal genetic effects as possible explanations of much higher heritability estimates from daughter-dam regression than from paternal half-sib correlations. The results based on first lactation records expressed as deviations from herdmate averages suggest that additive by additive effects, and probably environmental correlation contribute little or nothing to covariance between daughter and dam records. Genetic maternal effects may account for about 20% and direct additive genetic effects for 23% of within-herd variance for first …

Changes In Milk Production In Relation To Changes In Feeding And Management Practices In Dairy Herd Improvement Association Herds, J. B. Stone, J. D. Burke, H. R. Ainslie, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

All Holstein herds of over 20 cows which had automated data processed dairy herd improvement association (DHIA) records from Cornell laboratory for two consecutive years from 1960 to 1964 were used to determine production, feeding, and management changes. The average number of herds for the four 2-yr comparisons was 2,688, 60% in New York and the remainder in neighboring states. Results in the two locations agreed. The yearly changes and standard deviations of changes per cow for the New York herds were milk production, + 157 ± 400 kg; grain feeding, + 88 ± 241 kg; succulent forage, + 0.13 …

Correlations Among Records Of Unrelated Cows In The Same Herd And The Same And Different Year-Seasons, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Correlations were computed between pairs of first-lactation milk records of unrelated Holstein cows in New York, where the records were made in the same herd and same year-season of freshening, and in the same herd but different year-seasons of freshening. Records were expressed as deviations from herd-mate averages. The average correlation between pairs in the same herd-year-season was .01. The average correlation when the pair of records was made one season apart was .08, and two seasons apart was .06. The pattern of correlations between a pair of records made more than 3 or 2 yr apart appears to be …

Environmental Correlations In Sire Evaluation, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Correlations were computed among averages of first lactation deviations from herdmate averages of groups of artificially sired daughters of the same Holstein bulls. The groups were constructed by specifying the time interval between animals in the different groups. Comparison of the actual correlations with the expected correlations suggests that environmental correlations are small or nil among artificially sired halfsibs in New York. The correlations between initial and later groups of 20 or 40 daughter records at different time intervals are so close to the expected correlations that there is no support for the view that accuracy of prediction in sire …

Change In Variance Components Associated With Milk Records With Time And Increase In Mean Production, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

First-lactation milk records of artificially sired Holstein cows in New York were analyzed by a sire-by-herd variance component analysis separately for each year from 1954 to 1962. The two variables analyzed were 305-day, 2 ×, mature equivalent records and the mature equivalent records expressed as deviations from the average of their herd-mates. The total variance steadily increased with change in time. Most of the increase (r = .97) was accounted for by increase in mean production. The relative increase in the sire component of variance was slightly faster than the increase in residual variance. Thus, heritability estimated from the paternal …

Heritability Estimates Of Milk Production With Different Numbers Of Records Per Sire By Herd Subclass, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The first-lactation milk records of 20,850 artificially sired Holstein cows and their darns were analyzed by a sire-by-herd, variance components model to determine if unequal numbers of records in the filled subclasses had any effect on the paternal half-sib correlation or the daughter-dam regression. The variance components were estimated with the number per subclass held constant at 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5. The records were also analyzed as deviations from herdmate averages. The analysis of deviations with one observation per subclass gave the highest heritability estimate from daughter-dam regression, .40, and the lowest from paternal half-sib correlation, .23. Analyses …

Nebraska Bird Review (July 1965) 33(3), Whole Issue

Nebraska Bird Review

Table of Contents

1964 (Seventh) Fall Record Report ...........................34

The Sixty-Fourth Annual Meeting ...........................47

Book Review........................... 48

In Memoriam- Miss Mary A. Towne........................... 48

Mississippi Kite Seen in Fontenelle Forest........................... 49

General Notes ...........................49

Excerpts from Letters ...........................50

Treasurer's Report- 1964 ...........................52

Kowalewskiella Totani N. Sp. (Cestoda: Dilepididae) From Totanus Flavipes, J. Teague Self, John J. Janovy Jr.

John Janovy Publications

Totanus flavipes (Gmelin) 1789 (lesser yellowlegs) collected from the Cheyenne Bottoms Waterfowl Management area, Barton County, Kansas was parasitized by cestodes belonging to the poorly known genus Kowalewskiella Baczynska 1914 and constituting a species new to science.

Kowalewskiella totani n. sp. is described from Totanus flavipes from Barton County, Kansas. It differs from K. cingulifera (Krabbe 1869) Sandeman 1959 in being much larger and having roughly twice as many testes as the latter species.

Genetic And Maternal Influence On The First Three Lactations Of Holstein Cows, L. Dale Van Vleck, G. E. Bradford

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Milk records of up to the first three lactations of artificially sired Holstein daughters and their dams were used to estimate heritability from both daughter-dam regression and paternal half-sib correlation. The within-herd estimates from records expressed as deviations from herd-mate averages were .37, .30, and .24 from daughter-dam regression for the first three lactations ; and the corresponding estimates from half-sib correlation were .24, .21, and .23. These results suggest a large maternal effect in the first lactation, a small amount in the second, and little in the third lactation. Analysis of the records not as deviations gave the same …

Linearity Of Heritability Of Holstein First-Lactation Milk Production, L. Dale Van Vleck, C. L. Hart

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The regression of daughter on dam first-lactation milk deviations from herd-mate averages was found to be linear from an analysis of 47,400 Holstein pairs. The linear equation was y=-25.6 + .210 (x -27.6) and the quadratic equation was y=-25.6 + .208 (x -27.6) + .0000222 (x²-44131.4) with correlation coefficients, .18258 and .18268, respectively. These results suggest that selection response can be predicted adequately even with very large selection differentials.

Cytogenetic Evidence For The Specific Distinction Of An Alaskan Marmot, Marmota Broweri Hall And Gilmore (Mammalia: Sciuridae), Robert L. Rausch, Virginia R. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Cytogenetic studies based upon somatic cells (bone marrow) have disclosed that the marmot hitherto designated Marmota caligata broweri Hall and Gilmore, occurring in the Brooks Range of Arctic Alaska, differs from M. c. caligata (Eschscholtz) in number of chromosomes (2n=36 as compared with 2n=42 in M. caligata) and in proportions of chromosomal types. Typical karyograms for the two species are presented. It is concluded that the Brooks Range marmot is specifically distinct from M. caligata, the applicable name being Marmota broweri Hall and Gilmore. Also determined were diploid chromosome numbers for two other Nearctic species of marmots, M. …

Absence Of Dominance Of The B Gene In Influencing Β-Glucosidase Activity In Melilotus Alba, Francis A. Haskins, Herman J. Gorz

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

In sweetclover (Melilotus alba Desr.) the allelic pair designated B/b was originally thought to be concerned with coumarin biosynthesis. Extracts of BB plants were reported to contain substantial amounts of both free and bound coumarin, while extracts of bb plants contained only bound coumarin (Goplen, Greenshields and Baenzinger 1957; Haskins and Gorz 1957), more recently identified as coumarinic acid glucoside (β-D-glucosyl-cis-o-hydroxycinnamic acid) (Kosuge 1961; Stoker and Bellis 1962). The bound-coumarin character behaved as a simple recessive in crosses between bb and BB plants (Goplen, Greenshields and Baenzinger 1957).

Studies On The Helminth Fauna Of Alaska. Xlii. Aploparaksis Turdi Sp. N., A Hymenolepidid Cestode From Thrushes, Francis S.L. Williamson, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Aploparaksis turdi sp. n. (Cestoda: Hymenolepididae) is described from the robin, Turdus migratorius L., and recorded also from the varied thrush, Ixoreus naevius (Gmelin), from Iliamna Lake, upper Alaska Peninsula. This cestode is distinguished from the three previously known species of Aploparaksis s. l. occurring in passeriform birds by the size and number of rostellar hooks and by the arrangement and proportions of the genital organs. It is concluded that the validity of the genus Monorcholepis Oshmarin, 1961, to which certain of these species have been assigned, is questionable, and the latter genus is considered to be a synonym of …

Profit Maximizing Farm Plans For Farms In Southeastern Nebraska: By Type And Size Of Farm, M. D. Skold, A. W. Epp, H. W. Hughes

Historical Research Bulletins of the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station

There are many forces operating in today's agricultural economy which cause farmers to examine carefully their patterns of resource allocation. Rising production costs coupled with downward tendencies in product prices focuses attention on efficient patterns of resource allocation. Technical change and changing resource and product price relationships affect efficient resource allocation patterns. This study considers possible efficient farm organizations available to farmers in southeastern Nebraska with given resources. The study determines profit maximizing farm plans for farm classes with different complements of resources and at alternative product price levels. Both crop and livestock enterprises are considered. Investment activities that generate …

Nebraska Bird Review (April 1965) 33(2), Whole Issue

Nebraska Bird Review

Table of Contents

A Study of Nesting Dickcissels in Nebraska ......................... 22

Honorary Members-Leroy M. Gates ......................... 25

Miss Doris B. Gates ......................... 26

In Memoriam-Frederick Ira Day ......................... 26

Book Reviews ......................... 27

Wintering Sandhill Cranes in Lincoln County ......................... 28

1964 Christmas Count ......................... 29

Comments ......................... 32

Automatic Solvent Exchanger, D. R. Viglierchio, Armand R. Maggenti

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

A solvent delivery and removal system has been designed and developed such that solvent exchange in biological specimens and tissues can be effected automatically at ambient or above ambient temperatures. The operation may be programmed so that any series of solvents mutually soluble in sequence may be exchanged. For convenience in calibration and flexibility the system may be operated manually.

Irrigation And Fertilization Practices For Seed Production From Established Stands Of Side-Oats Grama, D. E. Smika, L. C. Newell

Historical Research Bulletins of the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station

The objectives of this study of grass seed production were to determine the response of an established stand of a warm-season grass to irrigation and fertilizer practices with regard to the specific practices needed to produce maximum quantity of adequate quality seed per acre. Side-oats grama was chosen for the study because of the availability of adapted varieties.