Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Plant Sciences (45)
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (32)
- Earth Sciences (20)
- Soil Science (20)
- Engineering (15)
-
- Animal Sciences (7)
- Medicine and Health Sciences (7)
- Agriculture (4)
- Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology (4)
- Neuroscience and Neurobiology (4)
- Agricultural Economics (3)
- Biology (3)
- Bioresource and Agricultural Engineering (3)
- Pharmacology, Toxicology and Environmental Health (3)
- Education (2)
- Genetics and Genomics (2)
- Medical Sciences (2)
- Microbiology (2)
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (2)
- Agronomy and Crop Sciences (1)
- Anatomy (1)
- Biochemistry (1)
- Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering (1)
- Dairy Science (1)
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (1)
- Entomology (1)
- Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology (1)
- Environmental Sciences (1)
- Genomics (1)
- Keyword
-
- Animals (7)
- Humans (5)
- AFGC (3)
- Female (3)
- Forage (3)
-
- Heart of America (3)
- Kentucky (3)
- Kentucky Grazing Conference (3)
- Mice (3)
- Roundup ready alfalfa (3)
- Adolescent (2)
- Agricultural economics (2)
- Agriculture (2)
- Alzheimer Disease (2)
- Analysis of Variance (2)
- Animal (2)
- Base Sequence (2)
- Biological (2)
- Biomass (2)
- Brain (2)
- Calcium (2)
- Cell Line (2)
- Cells (2)
- Forages (2)
- Gene Expression (2)
- Goats (2)
- Grazing (2)
- Harvest (2)
- KCA (2)
- KFGC (2)
- Publication
-
- Forage News (12)
- Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference (10)
- Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium (10)
- Kentucky Grazing Conference (9)
- Forage Symposium at the Kentucky Cattlemen’s Convention (6)
-
- Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications (5)
- Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications (3)
- Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Faculty Publications (3)
- Biology Faculty Publications (2)
- Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications (2)
- Theses and Dissertations--Neuroscience (2)
- Agricultural Situation and Outlook (1)
- Biology Faculty Patents (1)
- Entomology Faculty Publications (1)
- F. Douglas Scutchfield MD (1)
- KWRRI Annual Technical Reports (USGS’s 104b Grant Program) (1)
- Kentucky Agricultural Economic Outlook (1)
- Kinesiology and Health Promotion Faculty Publications (1)
- Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications (1)
- Neuroscience Faculty Publications (1)
- Physiology Faculty Publications (1)
- Plant Pathology Faculty Patents (1)
- Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Patents (1)
- Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health Presentations (1)
- Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy (1)
- Theses and Dissertations--Physiology (1)
- University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations (1)
- Publication Type
Articles 31 - 60 of 80
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Gender-Specific Effects Of Hiv Protease Inhibitors On Body Mass In Mice, Melinda E. Wilson, Kimberly F. Allred, Elizabeth M. Kordik, Deana K. Jasper, Amanda N. Rosewell, Anthony J. Bisotti
Gender-Specific Effects Of Hiv Protease Inhibitors On Body Mass In Mice, Melinda E. Wilson, Kimberly F. Allred, Elizabeth M. Kordik, Deana K. Jasper, Amanda N. Rosewell, Anthony J. Bisotti
Physiology Faculty Publications
Protease inhibitors, as part of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART), have significantly increased the lifespan of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients. Several deleterious side effects including dyslipidemia and lipodystrophy, however, have been observed with HAART. Women are at a higher risk of developing adipose tissue alterations and these alterations have different characteristics as compared to men. We have previously demonstrated that in mice the HIV protease inhibitor, ritonavir, caused a reduction in weight gain in females, but had no effect on male mice. In the present study, we examined the potential causes of this difference in weight gain. Low-density …
Expansion Of The Calcium Hypothesis Of Brain Aging And Alzheimer's Disease: Minding The Store, Olivier Thibault, John C. Gant, Philip W. Landfield
Expansion Of The Calcium Hypothesis Of Brain Aging And Alzheimer's Disease: Minding The Store, Olivier Thibault, John C. Gant, Philip W. Landfield
Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications
Evidence accumulated over more than two decades has implicated Ca2+ dysregulation in brain aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD), giving rise to the Ca2+ hypothesis of brain aging and dementia. Electrophysiological, imaging, and behavioral studies in hippocampal or cortical neurons of rodents and rabbits have revealed aging-related increases in the slow afterhyperpolarization, Ca2+ spikes and currents, Ca2+transients, and L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channel (L-VGCC) activity. Several of these changes have been associated with age-related deficits in learning or memory. Consequently, one version of the Ca2+ hypothesis has been that increased L-VGCC activity drives many of the other Ca2+-related biomarkers of hippocampal aging. …
Functional Dissociation In Frontal And Striatal Areas For Processing Of Positive And Negative Reward Information, Xun Liu, David K. Powell, Hongbin Wang, Brian T. Gold, Christine R. Corbly, Jane E. Joseph
Functional Dissociation In Frontal And Striatal Areas For Processing Of Positive And Negative Reward Information, Xun Liu, David K. Powell, Hongbin Wang, Brian T. Gold, Christine R. Corbly, Jane E. Joseph
Neuroscience Faculty Publications
Reward-seeking behavior depends critically on processing of positive and negative information at various stages such as reward anticipation, outcome monitoring, and choice evaluation. Behavioral and neuropsychological evidence suggests that processing of positive (e.g., gain) and negative (e.g., loss) reward information may be dissociable and individually disrupted. However, it remains uncertain whether different stages of reward processing share certain neural circuitry in frontal and striatal areas, and whether distinct but interactive systems in these areas are recruited for positive and negative reward processing. To explore these issues, we used a monetary decision-making task to investigate the roles of frontal and striatal …
Forage News [2007-04], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky
Forage News [2007-04], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky
Forage News
- Conference Proceedings on Web
- Growers Can Continue to Grow and Use Roundup Ready Alfalfa, but Monsanto Company Is Disappointed with Preliminary Injunction Affecting Purchase and Planting; Will Continue to Support Growers’ Right to Choose Roundup Ready Alfalfa for Their Forage Operations
- New Posters Featuring Forages Now Available/Southern Forages Book Now in Fourth Edition
- Teff
- Removal of Tall Fescue from Kentucky Bluegrass Pastures
- Phoenix Alfalfa has Substantial Resistance to Sclerotinia Crown and Stem Rot
- KFGC Summer Field Day
- Upcoming Events
Poster Session, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky
Poster Session, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky
Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium
- Identification of potential bacterial sources and levels, Red Duck Creek, Mayfield, Kentucky, Brooke Vorbeck, Travis Martin, and Mike Kemp, Dept of Industrial and Engineering Technology, Murray State University
- Water-quality trend analysis for streams in Kentucky, A.S. Crain and G.R. Martin, USGS, Louisville
- Preliminary Results of a Fecal Microbe Survey in a Eutrophic Lake, Wilgreen Lake, Madison County, Kentucky, W.S. Borowski and M.S. Albright, Depts of Earth Sciences and Geography, EKU
- Preliminary Physical and Chemical Characteristics of an Eutrophic Lake, Wilgreen Lake, Madison County, Kentucky, E.C. Jolly and W.S. Borowski, Dept of Earth Sciences, EKU
- Lethal and …
Session 2d: Superfund, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky
Session 2d: Superfund, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky
Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium
- Challenges and Opportunities in Working Directly with Affected Superfund Communities in Kentucky, Lisa Gaetke, Nutrition and Food Science, UK
- Selected Chloro-Organic Detoxifications by Poly-Chelate (polyacrylic acid) and Citrate-Based Fenton Reaction at Neutral pH Environment, YongChao Li, L. G. Bachas, and Dibakar Bhattacharyya, Depts of Chemical & Materials Engineering and Chemisty, UK
- Reductive Degradation of Cholorinated Organics by Membrane-Supported Nonoparticles, Jian Xu and Dibakar Bhattacharyya, Dept of Chemical & Materials Engineering, UK
Session 2c: Education/Outreach, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky
Session 2c: Education/Outreach, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky
Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium
- 5 Stars, 15 Students, and 5000 Trees, A.A. Gumbert and others, Extension Associate for Environmental and Natural Resource Issues, UK
- The Water Pioneers Water Quality Initiative, Stephanie Jenkins, Doug McLaren, Blake Newton, Amanda Abnee, UK
- Local and State Partnership for MS4 Success in Kentucky – Coordinated Communication, Education and Outreach, C.D. McCormick and Shelby Jett, FMSM Engineers, Louisville and Kentucky Transportation Cabinet
- Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination: A Challenge for Kentucky’s Stormwater Program Cities, B. Tonning, R. Walker, and J. Arnold, Tetra Tech, Lexington
Session 2b: Goundwater, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky
Session 2b: Goundwater, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky
Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium
- Kentucky Groundwater-Quality Mapping Service, R.S. Fisher and Bart Davidson, KGS
- Kentucky Groundwater-Quality Data Search Engine, Bart Davidson and R.S. Fisher, KGS
- Water Quality in the Karst Terrane of the Sinking Creek Basin, Kentucky 2004-06, Angela S. Crain, USGS, Louisville
- Salt Movement Through the Vadose Zone of a Karst Soil – First Experiences with a Transfer Function Approach, Ole Wendroth and others, Dept Plant and Soil Sciences, UK
Session 2a: Surface Water, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky
Session 2a: Surface Water, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky
Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium
- Development and Application of a New Sediment Fingerprinting Methodology for the Commonwealth of Kentucky, Charles Davis and Jimmy Fox, Dept of Civil Engineering, UK
- Accounting for Construction Stormwater in TMDL Development for Sediment Impaired Streams in Rapidly Growing Residential Areas, Jon Ludwig and John Bekman, Tetra Tech, and David Montali, WVDEP
- Responses of Riparian Plant Diversity to Gradients in Flood Frequency and Severity, Patrick Lawless and Jimmy Fox, Depts of Geography and Civil Engineering, UK
Session 1d: Biology, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky
Session 1d: Biology, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky
Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium
- Long-Term Assessments and Seasonal Variations of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in Water, Sediments, Floodplain Soils, and Sentinel Fish Species from Big and Little Bayou Creeks, McCracken County, Kentucky, D.J. Price, Dept of Biology, UK
- Characterization of total dissolved solids (TDS) toxicity to Ceriodaphnia dubia associated with effluent discharges from a meat packaging industry, Agus Sofyan and David Price, Dept of Biology, UK
- Wilson Creek Restoration and the Response in Food Web Function and Fish Community Structure, Wesley Daniel and Jeff Jack, Dept of Biology and Center for Environmental Science, U of L
Session 1c: Epscor Projects, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky
Session 1c: Epscor Projects, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky
Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium
- Colloidal Arsenic in Poultry-Litter Amended Soils, Lisa Y. Blue and others, Dept of Chemistry, UK
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment of Arsenic Metal in Groundwater Samples from Ballard, Carlisle, and Graves Counties, Kentucky, H.B. Fannin and others, Dept of Chemistry, Murray State University
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment of the Groundwater Quality in Calloway County, Kentucky, Dan Kotter and others, KGS, Henderson, KY
- Land-Use Effects on Water Quality Within Lower Howard Creek Watershed, Southwestern Clark County, Kentucky, S.D. Daugherty and J.S. Dinger, Dept Earth & Environmental Sciences and KGS, UK
Session 1b: Student Research Projects, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky
Session 1b: Student Research Projects, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky
Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium
- Experimental Study of the Impact of Upland Sediment Supply upon Cohesive Streambank Erosion Part I: Fluid Turbulence, Brian Belcher and Jimmy Fox, Dept of Civil Engineering, UK
- Toward Using a Three-Dimensional Numerical Model for Simulating Hydrodynamics Near a Dam for Constructing the Rating Curve, Z.S. Shao and S.A. Yost, Dept of Civil Engineering, UK
- Property Taxation and Forest Fragmentation in Kentucky Watersheds, Scott Brodbeck and Tamara Cushing, Dept of Forestry, UK
- Solute and Particle Tracer Movement Under Various Flow Conditions in a Karst Groundwater Basin, Inner Bluegrass Region, Kentucky, J.W. Ward and others, Dept Earth and …
Session 1a: Microbial Source Tracking, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky
Session 1a: Microbial Source Tracking, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky
Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium
- Detecting Multiple Source Origins from Fecal Bacteria Antibiotic Resistance Patterns, Sloane Ritchey and M.S. Coyne, Environmental Research Institute, EKU and Dept of Plant and Soil Sciences, UK
- Microbial Source Tracking; Limits and Application, Steve Evans, Third Rock Consultants, Lexington
- Triplett Creek Focus Study, Brian Reeder and April Haight, Institute for Regional Analysis and Public Policy, Morehead State University
Proceedings Of 2007 Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky
Proceedings Of 2007 Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky
Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium
This conference was planned and conducted as part of the state water resources research annual program with the support and collaboration of the Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey and the University of Kentucky Research Foundation, under Grant Agreement Number 06HQGR0087.
The views and conclusions contained in this document and presented at the symposium are those of the abstract authors and presenters and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Government or other symposium organizers and sponsors.
Plant Cells And Plants Expressing Chemeric Isoprenoid Synthases, Joseph Chappell, Kyoungwhan Back
Plant Cells And Plants Expressing Chemeric Isoprenoid Synthases, Joseph Chappell, Kyoungwhan Back
Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Patents
The invention features plant cells and plants that include a nucleic acid molecule encoding a chimeric isoprenoid synthase polypeptide including an asymmetrically positioned homologous domain. The chimeric isoprenoid synthases of the invention catalyze the production of isoprenoid reaction products that are not produced when the asymmetrically positioned homologous domain is positioned at its naturally-occurring site in an isoprenoid synthase polypeptide.
Characterization Of Dairy Milk House Waste Water In Kentucky, Anshu Singh, Czarena L. Crofcheck, Gail M. Brion
Characterization Of Dairy Milk House Waste Water In Kentucky, Anshu Singh, Czarena L. Crofcheck, Gail M. Brion
Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications
This study focuses on characterization of milk house waste water from eight different farms in Kentucky. The farms were separated into three groups based on the number of cows: small (20-30), medium (30-60), and large (over 60 cows). Samples were collected once a month from four farms and twice a month from the remainder. Samples were analyzed for chemical, biochemical, and microbiological characteristics. Results indicated a large and significant variation in the chemical and microbiological characteristics between the farms. Farm size had a significant effect on the nutrient content of the waste water. Though samples exhibited seasonal variation, there was …
Forage News [2007-03], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky
Forage News [2007-03], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky
Forage News
- Kentucky Alfalfa Awards
- 27th Kentucky Alfalfa Conference
- Forages at KCA
- 2006 Hay Contest Winners
- Biotech Traits Can Improve Alfalfa
- Newly Updated: Grain and Forage Crop Guide For KY
- New Publication: Long Term Variety Test Summary
- AFGC Will Hold Its Annual Meeting This June in Pennsylvania
- Increase in Alfalfa Acreage & Yield
- Conversion from Corn to Grassland Provides Economic and Environmental Benefits to a Maryland Beef Farm
- Disc, Sickle Mowers Both Have Pluses
- Kentucky Farm Numbers
- Upcoming Events
Loline Alkaloid Gene Clusters Of The Fungal Endophyte Neotyphodium Uncinatum, Christopher L. Schardl, Heather H. Wilkinson, Martin J. Spiering
Loline Alkaloid Gene Clusters Of The Fungal Endophyte Neotyphodium Uncinatum, Christopher L. Schardl, Heather H. Wilkinson, Martin J. Spiering
Plant Pathology Faculty Patents
Loline alkaloids (LA), which are 1-aminopyrrolizidines with an oxygen bridge, are produced by Epichloë (anamorph=Neotyphodium) species, endophytes of grasses. LA are insecticidal, thus helping protect host plants from insect herbivory. Suppression subtractive hybridization PCR was used to isolate transcripts up-regulated during loline alkaloid production in cultures of Neotyphodium uncinatum. Subtracted cDNAs were cloned, and a λ-phage cDNA library from an LA-expressing N. uncinatum culture was screened with subtracted cDNA. In BLAST searches, several cDNAs identified had sequence similarities to aspartate kinases, and another with O-acetylhomoserine-(thiol)lyase. Differential expression of these two genes in LA-producing cultures of N. uncinatum …
How I Produced Nationally Award Winning Alfalfa Hay, Rick Alexander
How I Produced Nationally Award Winning Alfalfa Hay, Rick Alexander
Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference
No abstract provided.
Roundup Ready Alfalfa: Results After One Year On The Market, S. Ray Smith
Roundup Ready Alfalfa: Results After One Year On The Market, S. Ray Smith
Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference
Roundup Ready alfalfa has now been on the market for over a year with close to 30 varieties available or soon to be available across the U.S. This technology provides many new options for alfalfa producers in Kentucky. Several people have asked us which variety is highest yielding and unfortunately we have not been able to provide a good answer. The technology is so new (just approved fall 2005) that few of these varieties have been entered into University yield trials. Companies do have some private data, but they often don’t compare to the varieties you are familiar with. So …
Cowpea Aphids: Where Did They Come From, Will They Be Back?, Lee H. Townsend
Cowpea Aphids: Where Did They Come From, Will They Be Back?, Lee H. Townsend
Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference
Clearly, something was unusual back in March when large numbers of very dark aphids were found covering stems and tips in Logan, Marion, and Barren counties. They were the cowpea aphid or black legume aphid (Aphis craccivora), a sap-feeding insect known to occur in at least 28 states scattered over the US and into Canada. The cowpea aphid is the only black aphid found infesting alfalfa. Winged or wingless adults are usually shiny black, while the smaller nymphs are dull gray to black. Usually. they are lined along stems or clustered in the expanding leaf tips.
Hay Heating, Hay Sweat And Spontaneous Combustion, Tom Keene, Doug Overhults
Hay Heating, Hay Sweat And Spontaneous Combustion, Tom Keene, Doug Overhults
Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference
Making hay in central Kentucky can be one of the most trying on farm endeavors a producer can undertake. Our plentiful moisture, rolling topography, and climate make Kentucky ideal for producing high quality forage for either grazing or hay making. However, that same moisture either in the form of rain or high humidity can sometimes make it devilishly hard to make quality hay here in Kentucky.
Alfalfa For Summer Grazing, John Johns
Alfalfa For Summer Grazing, John Johns
Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference
Alfalfa can make an excellent grazing forage for cattle in the summer as well as at other times of year provided that good grazing management is utilized. Alfalfa can be grazed very close to the ground but should not be grazed continuously. Initial regrowth after grazing comes from nutrient reserves in the root; therefore, a sufficient rest period or regrowth period without grazing must be allowed for these nutrients to be replenished. In summer, this rest period is 30 to 35 days. In adequate rest for root nutrient replenishment is not allowed, the plant will be weakened and stand life …
Alfalfa Hay For Horses, Robert Coleman
Alfalfa Hay For Horses, Robert Coleman
Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference
Horses are designed to eat forage and quality forage is the basis for the feeding programs of all classes of horse. However, when one considers hay as that basic forage, what criteria are used to describe quality horse hay? In general terms, quality horse hay should supply needed nutrients, be palatable and should be free of anything harmful to the horse.
Requirements For Successful Alfalfa Establishment, Garry D. Lacefield
Requirements For Successful Alfalfa Establishment, Garry D. Lacefield
Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference
Establishing a good stand of alfalfa is expensive and time consuming, but the success rate is high if you give attention to the important factors. The following steps won’t insure success, but will increase greater likelihood.
How The Alfalfa Plant Grows: Impact On Management, S. Ray Smith
How The Alfalfa Plant Grows: Impact On Management, S. Ray Smith
Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference
Alfalfa is the premier forage crop with high yield, high forage quality, season long productivity, drought tolerance, and extended stand life. Alfalfa requires intensive management to insure that yield, quality, and stand life are maximized. It should be planted on deep, well drained soils and maintained with optimal fertilizer inputs. It also requires adequate rest periods between cutting for hay or grazing. Alfalfa can be prone to significant insect damage and stands may require insecticide treatments. There are many details to successfully managing an alfalfa stand, but if you understand how the plant grows then you will better understand the …
Alfalfa Information On The Web, Scott Flynn
Alfalfa Information On The Web, Scott Flynn
Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference
No abstract provided.
Foreword And Recipients Of Kentucky Alfalfa Awards [2007], Garry D. Lacefield, Christi L. Forsythe
Foreword And Recipients Of Kentucky Alfalfa Awards [2007], Garry D. Lacefield, Christi L. Forsythe
Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference
No abstract provided.
Forage News [2007-02], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky
Forage News [2007-02], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky
Forage News
- 27th Kentucky Alfalfa Conference
- Forages at KCA
- Heart of America Grazing Conference
- AFGC in Pennsylvania
- 1st National Grass-Fed Beef Conference
- AFGC Update
- 2007 Variety Trial Reports Available
- Top Ten Agricultural Counties (2005)
- Top Ten Counties (2005)
- Transporting Hay to be Subject to New Regulations
- FDA: Hay Farmers Clear Of Records Law
- Hay Sampling
- Use of Feedstuffs by Livestock in the United States
- Upcoming Events
Forage Quality: What Is It? What Can We Do About It? And, Will It Pay?, Garry D. Lacefield
Forage Quality: What Is It? What Can We Do About It? And, Will It Pay?, Garry D. Lacefield
Forage Symposium at the Kentucky Cattlemen’s Convention
Profitable livestock production almost always requires a forage program that will supply large quantities of adequate quality, homegrown feed. A major percentage of the feed units for beef (83%) and dairy cattle (61%) come from forages. In addition, forages supply an estimated 91%, 72%, 15% and 99% of the nutrients consumed by sheep and goats, horses, swine, and wildlife, respectively.