Life Sciences Commons^™

Acute Consumption Of A Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Impairs Microvascular Function In Midwestern Hispanic Males, Emma Hirshman, Anne R. Crecelius

Health and Sport Science Faculty Publications

Hispanic males are at risk for cardiovascular disease and consume high levels of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB); yet, their acute vascular response to SSBs is unknown. Ten healthy Hispanic men (18-45 years old) consumed a SSB and reactive hyperemia was performed prior to, immediately following, and 1-hr post-consumption. Both peak and total (area under the curve) forearm blood flow were attenuated immediately following consumption but returned to at or above pre-consumption levels at the 1-hr test.

The Ironman, Mary I. Fisher

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Using Molecular Diagnostics To Develop Therapeutic Strategies For Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Infections, Fred C. Tenover

Biology Faculty Publications

Infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative organisms have become a global threat. Such infections can be very difficult to treat, especially when they are caused by carbapenemase-producing organisms (CPO). Since infections caused by CPO tend to have worse outcomes than non-CPO infections, it is important to identify the type of carbapenemase present in the isolate or at least the Ambler Class (i.e., A, B, or D), to optimize therapy. Many of the newer beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations are not active against organisms carrying Class B metallo-enzymes, so differentiating organisms with Class A or D carbapenemases from those with Class B enzymes rapidly …

Phenotypic/Genotypic Profile Of Oxa-10-Like-Harboring, Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas Aeruginosa: Using Validated Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic In Vivo Models To Further Evaluate Enzyme Functionality And Clinical Implications, Fred C. Tenover, Christian M. Gill, Adrian Brink, Chun Yat Chu, Jennifer Coetzee, George Dimopoulos, Clinton Moodley, Christoffel Johannes Opperman, Spyros Pournaras, Isabella A. Tickler, Hafsah Deepa Tootla, Sophia Vourli, David P. Nicolau

Biology Faculty Publications

In vitro MICs and in vivo pharmacodynamics of ceftazidime and cefepime human-simulated regimens (HSR) against modified carbapenem inactivation method (mCIM)-positive Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates harboring different OXA-10-like subtypes were described. The murine thigh model assessed ceftazidime (2 g every 8 h [q8h] HSR) and cefepime (2 g and 1 g q8h HSR). Phenotypes were similar despite possessing OXA-10-like subtypes with differing spectra. Ceftazidime produced ≥1-log10 killing in all isolates. Cefepime activity was dose dependent and MIC driven. This approach may be useful in assessing the implications of β-lactamase variants.

Unbiased Automated Quantitation Of Ros Signals In Live Retinal Neurons Of Drosophila Using Fiji/Imagej, Prajakta Deshpande, Neha Gogia, Anuradha Venkatakrishnan Chimata, Amit Singh

Biology Faculty Publications

Numerous imaging modules are utilized to study changes that occur during cellular processes. Besides qualitative (immunohistochemical) or semiquantitative (Western blot) approaches, direct quantitation method(s) for detecting and analyzing signal intensities for disease(s) biomarkers are lacking. Thus, there is a need to develop method(s) to quantitate specific signals and eliminate noise during live tissue imaging. An increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide (O2•-) radicals results in oxidative damage of biomolecules, which leads to oxidative stress. This can be detected by dihydroethidium staining in live tissue(s), which does not rely on fixation and helps prevent stress on tissues. However, …

Why We Can’T Wait, Mary I. Fisher

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

From Professor To Patient X, Anne R. Crecelius

Health and Sport Science Faculty Publications

I walked into the classroom feeling nervous. It wasn't my first time teaching undergraduate students about human endocrine physiology. I knew the material well. But today's lecture was different. I pulled up slides depicting a hypothetical cancer patient and told them, “Patient X had a biopsy that detected invasive carcinoma in her breast.” I described the many months of chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation treatments she went through before going into remission. Then I taught the students about the hormonal therapy she was prescribed—drugs her doctor hoped would limit the growth of any remaining cancer cells and prevent a recurrence. On …

Determine The Effects Of Propionate On The Interactions Between Macrophages And Listeria Monocytogenes, Stephanie M. Johnson

Honors Theses

Listeria monocytogenes is an opportunistic and intracellular foodborne pathogen that can be deadly in high risk populations. During infection in the human body, L. monocytogenes may encounter macrophages, a type of white blood cell that is critical in innate immune response both by directly targeting invading pathogens and by eliciting adaptive immune responses. During intestinal as well as peripheral infections, both L. monocytogenes and macrophages may encounter propionate, a common gut microbiome metabolite. Although propionate is shown to have various regulatory and nutritional functions, its effects on infection outcome is not well understood. Therefore, the goal of this research is …

An Exploration Of The Widely Observed Mechanisms Permitting Freeze Tolerance & The Potential Of Cope’S Gray Treefrog, Dryophytes Chrysoscelis, Samuel A. Ripley

Honors Theses

Over 80% of the Earth’s surface is exposed to seasonal cold temperatures less than 5.0oC. Ectotherms implement a variety of strategies to survive seasonal, or permanent, cold exposure. Some of the most common overwintering strategies are migration, hibernation, and freeze avoiding behavior. However, freeze tolerance is a minority choice among ectotherms. This strategy permits organisms to survive between 50.0 to 70.0% of their total body water volumes frozen primarily in extracellular spaces for up to several months at a time. Freeze tolerant organisms undergo minimal supercooling of their body fluids to ensure ice formation is slow and produce a wide …

Investigating The Effects Of A P53 Mutation And Various Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors On Glioma Progression And Therapy Resistance In Drosophila, Kaitlyn M. Alleman

Honors Theses

Gliomas, which are brain tumors that arise from glial cells, are some of the most aggressive and lethal types of tumors. These brain tumors are difficult to treat because not enough information regarding the mutations present in these tumors exists. This project studies effects of a p53 mutation on Drosophila glioma progression and then will test to see if this results in resistance to current chemotherapy. The main goal of this endeavor is to investigate the numerous defects occurring at the cellular and biochemical level in gliomas, which will give insight into why these types of tumors are so difficult …

Leaf Phenology And Freeze Tolerance Of The Invasive Tree Pyrus Calleryana (Rosaceae) And Potential Native Competitors, Abby E. Hay

Honors Theses

Pyrus calleryana is quickly becoming one of the most problematic invasive species in the Eastern and Central part of the United States. Pyrus calleryana is an early successional species that quickly proliferates in highly disturbed soils such as old fields and younger prairies. Currently, this species poses a large threat to land managers as it changes the successional trajectories of forest and prairie systems, creating new novel ecosystems. Pyrus calleryana outcompetes most native early successional species and is relatively understudied. The mechanism in which Pyrus calleryana utilizes to dominate ecosystems are not fully understood, but one theory is Pyrus calleryana …

Determine The Effects Of Propionate On The Activation Of Macrophages Against The Intracellular Pathogen Listeria Monocytogenes, Leah O. Allen

Honors Theses

The main goal of this research is to see how propionate, a common food preservative and an important metabolite in humans, alters the activation of our immune system. The effects of propionate on macrophage activation will be determined by using nitrite and LDH assays. For these assays, different concentrations of propionate will be tested to determine how macrophages respond to the activation by LPS and interferon gamma. Another goal of this project is to determine the effects of propionate and macrophage activation on intracellular survival of L. monocytogenes. A gentamicin protection assay will be used to better establish the role …

We Are People First, Mary I. Fisher

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Characteristics Of Physiology And Physiology-Related Pre-Health Degree Programs In The Physiology Majors Interest Group, Yvonne Ogrodzinski, Erica A. Wehrwein, Kevin Kelly, James M. Poteracki, Valerie Vanryn, Anne R. Crecelius

Health and Sport Science Faculty Publications

The Physiology Majors Interest Group (P-MIG), a grassroots organization of educators, has collected data on the history and characteristics of Physiology and highly related undergraduate programs (ex: Human Biology, Pre-Medicine, Biomedical Sciences, etc.) that serve a common population of prehealth students. Data was obtained as part of an online survey sent out to P-MIG conference attendees at the 2017-2019 annual meetings (n=30). Participating institutions indicate that 25.9% have degrees called Physiology aligned with 28% being housed in a department of physiology, 75.9% are a Bachelor of Science program, 34.9% are affiliated with a College of Arts and Sciences, and 80% …

Viropana (Vna) 1, Abijeet Singh Mehta, Panagiotis A. Tsonis, Amit Singh

Components of a Regeneration Toolkit: Notophthalmus viridescens

Viropana (vna) 1

• ID – vna 1

• Details – Gene from a novel protein family belonging to the regeneration toolkit of Notophthalmus viridescens

• Base pairs – 492

Viropana (Vna) 2, Abijeet Singh Mehta, Panagiotis A. Tsonis, Amit Singh

Components of a Regeneration Toolkit: Notophthalmus viridescens

Viropana (vna) 2

• ID – vna 2
• Details – Gene from a novel protein family belonging to the regeneration tool kit of Notophthalmus viridescens
• Base pairs – 396

Viropana (Vna) 5, Abijeet Singh Mehta, Panagiotis A. Tsonis, Amit Singh

Components of a Regeneration Toolkit: Notophthalmus viridescens

Viropana (vna) 5

• ID – vna 5
• Details – Gene from a novel protein family belonging to the regeneration toolkit of Notophthalmus viridescens
• Base pairs – 391

Viropana (Vna) 3, Abijeet Singh Mehta, Panagiotis A. Tsonis, Amit Singh

Components of a Regeneration Toolkit: Notophthalmus viridescens

Viropana (vna) 3

• ID – vna 3
• Details – Gene from a novel protein family belonging to the regeneration toolkit of Notophthalmus viridescens
• Base pairs – 426

Viropana (Vna) 4, Abijeet Singh Mehta, Panagiotis A. Tsonis, Amit Singh

Components of a Regeneration Toolkit: Notophthalmus viridescens

Viropana (vna) 4

• ID – vna 4
• Details – Gene from a novel protein family belonging to the regeneration toolkit of Notophthalmus viridescens
• Base pairs – 501