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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Checklist Of The Sphinx Moths Of Arkansas, Leo J. Paulissen
Checklist Of The Sphinx Moths Of Arkansas, Leo J. Paulissen
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
Continuation Of Spider Research In Arkansas: Ouachita Mountain Area, Peggy Rae Dorris, Fred L. Burnside Jr.
Continuation Of Spider Research In Arkansas: Ouachita Mountain Area, Peggy Rae Dorris, Fred L. Burnside Jr.
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
Addendum To "Fishes Of The Fourche River" In North Central Arkansas, Steve M. Bounds
Addendum To "Fishes Of The Fourche River" In North Central Arkansas, Steve M. Bounds
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
Anomalies Of Limb Regeneration In The Adult Salamander, Ambystoma Annulatum, Henry E. Young
Anomalies Of Limb Regeneration In The Adult Salamander, Ambystoma Annulatum, Henry E. Young
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Regeneration in the adult salamander, Ambystoma annulatum, parallels that of the adult newt (Iten & Bryant, 1973). However, a number of unique features become apparent upon examination of anomalies of adult regenerates. Two regenerates which displayed gross abnormalities revealed, upon histological examination, unique features which give insight into a possible pattern of digit formation in this species of adult salamander. Normal regenerates show 4 or 5 digits radiating distal to the same respective number of bones (distal carpals) present in the distal row of wrist bones. The first anomaly showed only two large, fused distal carpals and two lateral digits. …
Epidermal Ridge Formation During Limb Regeneration In The Adult Salamander, Ambystoma Annulatum, Henry E. Young
Epidermal Ridge Formation During Limb Regeneration In The Adult Salamander, Ambystoma Annulatum, Henry E. Young
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Regeneration was studied in the Ambystoma annulatum by the amputation of the right forearm of twenty-four adults, over a twelve month period. At the termination of the experiment the limbs were reamputated 1-2 mm proximal to the original amputation site. The regenerated portions were staged, examined at the gross morphological level, and prepared for histological examination. Gross examination revealed a thickened, ridge-like projection along the distal edge of all regenerating forelimbs at the Early Bud through Middle Palette Stages. Histological examination confirmed the existence of this structure as early as Wound Healing and continuing through Middle Palette to a pseudo-epidermal …
Notes On Saxifragaceae, Edwin B. Smith
Notes On Saxifragaceae, Edwin B. Smith
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Over half of the Arkansas members of the Saxifragaceae are notable due to unusual morphology or distribution within the state. They range from the inconspicuous Lepuropetalon spathulatum (Muhl.) Ell. to the conspicuous Hydrangea arborescens L. Several genera (Heuchera, Parnassia, Philadephus, Ribes) include species with highly restricted ranges in Arkansas, and one includes a single species, Mitella diphylla L., known in Arkansas only from Stone County. Special attention is called to problems in Saxifraga and Heuchera, and a modified treatment of Heuchera arkansana is proposed. An annotated list and list of excluded names for the Arkansas Saxifragaceae is included.
Distribution, Habitat Notes, And The Status Of The Ironcolor Shiner, Notropis Chalybaeus Cope, In Arkansas, Henry W. Robison
Distribution, Habitat Notes, And The Status Of The Ironcolor Shiner, Notropis Chalybaeus Cope, In Arkansas, Henry W. Robison
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Field work throughout Arkansas since 1971 and a search of museum records have yielded 35 collections of the iron color shiner, Notropis chalybaeus Cope (Cyprinidae), not previously documented in Arkansas. From these data the iron color shiner is considered to be confined to the Coastal Plain physiographic province of Arkansas below the Fall Line, becoming most abundant in the Ouachita and Red River drainages of southern Arkansas. Notes on habitat preference, species associates, and current status of N. chalybaeus within Arkansas are presented.
Algal Assemblage Distribution As Related To Seasonal Fluctuations Of Selected Metal Concentrations, Ramona G. Rice, Richard L. Meyer
Algal Assemblage Distribution As Related To Seasonal Fluctuations Of Selected Metal Concentrations, Ramona G. Rice, Richard L. Meyer
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Seasonal variations of phytoplankton assemblages have been observed in a mildly eutrophic lake in northwestern Arkansas for six years. The data indicated that certain metal concentrations also varied seasonally. Sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium ion concentrations, and phytoplankton composition and abundances were examined spatially and temporally. Four major algal blooms characterized the lake: a spring, a summer and an autumnal cyanophycean assemblage and a winter diatom-chrysophyte dominated population. Each metal concentration was inversely proportional to the abundance of the cyanophytes. The presence of the winter assemblage was accompanied by decreases in sodium, calcium and magnesium and increased levels of potassium. …
Evaluation Of Plantings For Wildlife On A Power Line Right Of Way In Southern Arkansas, Robert A. Pierce, Robert T. Kirkwood
Evaluation Of Plantings For Wildlife On A Power Line Right Of Way In Southern Arkansas, Robert A. Pierce, Robert T. Kirkwood
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
The combination of types of land preparation and species of plants seeded along a power line right-of-way was evaluated in terms of the effects upon wildlife. Relative population densities of plants, birds, and mammals were determined for each of the areas under study. A study of the reduction in maintenance costs in relation to the initial investment for preparation and seeding of the land was made
Time Course Of Pr Of Uv-Induced Chromosomal Aberrations And Lethal Damage In G1 Xenopus Cells, Jan Payne, H. Gaston Griggs
Time Course Of Pr Of Uv-Induced Chromosomal Aberrations And Lethal Damage In G1 Xenopus Cells, Jan Payne, H. Gaston Griggs
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Synchronous cultures of early G1 cells were exposed to UV and their ability to photoreactivate lethal and aberrational damage was determined as a function of time following UV exposure. Lesions leading to cell death were converted to a non-photoreactivable state before cells entered S phase, while lesions leading to chromosomal aberrations were converted to a non-photoreactivable state as the cells entered S phase. These results indicate that the intracellular mechanism which expresses photoreactivable UV-induced lesions in G1 cells as cell death is not identical to the mechanism which expresses such lesions as chromosomal aberrations, and the two mechanisms operate primarily …
Immunization Of Rats Against Mesocestoides Corti (Cestoda) By Subcutaneous Vaccination Of Living Tetrathyridia And By Passive Transfer With Serum, Jerry Y. Niederkorn
Immunization Of Rats Against Mesocestoides Corti (Cestoda) By Subcutaneous Vaccination Of Living Tetrathyridia And By Passive Transfer With Serum, Jerry Y. Niederkorn
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Laboratory rats were subcutaneously vaccinated with 100 live tetrathyridia of Mesocestoides corti (Cestoda) and subsequently intraperitoneally challenged with 50 tetrathyridia. Necropsy 30 days postinfection revealed that vaccinated rats harbored 97.4% fewer worms compared to control rats. In a second experiment, passive transfer of immunity was accomplished by immune serum from subcutaneously vaccinated rats. Rats receiving immune serum harbored 33.4% lighter worm burdens compared to normal serum recipients.
Mosquitofish, Gambusia Affinis (Baird And Girard) Production In Extensive Polyculture System, Scott H. Newton, Andrew J. Merkowsky, Ambus J. Handcock, Max V. Miesch
Mosquitofish, Gambusia Affinis (Baird And Girard) Production In Extensive Polyculture System, Scott H. Newton, Andrew J. Merkowsky, Ambus J. Handcock, Max V. Miesch
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
During 1976, mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis Baird and Girard, were reared in combination with food and game fishes in 0.1 ha culture ponds at the University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff fisheries research facility. Mosquitofish production was 218 kg/ha, with 1683 fish per kilogram, in ponds that were also stocked with channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus Rafinesque, bigmouth buffalo, Ictiobus cyprinellus Valenciennes, grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella Valenciennes, and silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Valenciennes. In another similar stocked pond, hybrid sunfish fingerlings depressed mosquitofish yield by 79%. No mosquitofish production was obtained in ponds stocked with 250 largemouth bass, Xficropterus salmoides Lacepede, fry …
Attraction Of Aerial Insects As A Fish Food Supplement, Andrew J. Merkowsky, Ambus J. Handcock, Scott H. Newton
Attraction Of Aerial Insects As A Fish Food Supplement, Andrew J. Merkowsky, Ambus J. Handcock, Scott H. Newton
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Insect populations over a 1.2 hectare southeast Arkansas livestock pond were sampled to consider the possibility of their use as a fish food supplement. A commercial insect attraction unit was suspended above the pond, and attracted insects were collected. Insect populations were sampled 3-4 nights each month, January-December, 1976. Insects collected were identified and analyses were performed to determine nutritional composition and pesticide content. Insect samples were variable, however, 62% of the insects identified were in the Order Diptera and 97% of these were in the Family Chironomidae. Nutritional analyses revealed insects were more than 60% crude protein. Pesticide analysis …
The Distribution Of Cane, Arundinaria Gigante (Poaceae: Bambusoideae), Daniel L. Marsh
The Distribution Of Cane, Arundinaria Gigante (Poaceae: Bambusoideae), Daniel L. Marsh
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
The distribution of cane in the United States was compiled on a county basis from previous records, correspondence, and field work. Ecological correlations were considered. The range appears to be limited primarily by temperature and precipitation. Two geographic populations correlate with major drainage divisions. The broad ecologic amplitude of cane is indicated by its occurrence in many different community types.
Cave Fauna Of Arkansas: Vertebrate Taxa, V. Rick Mcdaniel, James E. Gardner
Cave Fauna Of Arkansas: Vertebrate Taxa, V. Rick Mcdaniel, James E. Gardner
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
The second in a series of papers describing the fauna of Arkansas caves includes distributional records and ecological status (as a cavernicole) of 53 vertebrate taxa, including: 3 fishes, 7 salamanders, 6 frogs, 3 lizards, 7 snakes, one turtle, 3 birds, and 23 mammals. Several of the taxa occur on state lists of endangered species, but records accumulated during the past 5 years indicate the need for a reevaluation of the actual populational status of these organisms.
Role Of Olfaction In "Taste-Aversion" To Ptc In Mice, Richard C. Lewis
Role Of Olfaction In "Taste-Aversion" To Ptc In Mice, Richard C. Lewis
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
The objective of most taste research involving choice is to eliminate from the experiment all cues to the animal except those that are strictly gustatory. Among those potentially confounding cues, one of the most obvious is olfaction, although it often remains uncontrolled in taste experiments. The present report clearly demonstrates the role played by olfaction in a discrimination experiment with C57B1/6 and CFW mice as regards their response to phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) when paired with water. The results have implications for conclusions drawn by other investigators who have attributed differences in PTC sensitivity in mice to taste alone.
Growth, Mortality, Food Habits, And Fecundity Of The Buffalo River Smallmouth Bass, Raj V. Kilambi, Walter R. Robison, James C. Adams
Growth, Mortality, Food Habits, And Fecundity Of The Buffalo River Smallmouth Bass, Raj V. Kilambi, Walter R. Robison, James C. Adams
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Total length-scale radius, and length-weight relationships were determined for smallmouth bass from the Buffalo River. The back calculated lengths were used in analyzing the age-length data by the Bertalanffy growth formula. Asymptotic length and weight were estimated as 58.3 cm and 4.6 lbs, respectively. Annual mortality of 36 percent was estimated by the catch curve method. Insects (54%), fishes (16%), and crayfish (14%) were the abundant food organisms by frequency of occurrence; while fishes (64%) and crayfish (29%) were the dominant food items by the gravimetric method. Based on the gonosomatic indices and frequency distribution of ovum diameter measurements, smallmouth …
Fishes Of The Eleven Point River Within Arkansas, Michael B. Johnson, John K. Beadles
Fishes Of The Eleven Point River Within Arkansas, Michael B. Johnson, John K. Beadles
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
A survey of the fishes of the Eleven Point River and its tributaries was made between 31 January 1976 and 13 February 1977. Sixty-three collections, literature records and personal communications revealed 90 species distributed among 19 families. This study revealed 31 species previously not reported for this river system. The Eleven Point River is a clear, predominantly springfed Ozark stream which is located in western Randolph County. From the Arkansas-Missouri state line, the Eleven Point River flows south for approximately 64 km before joining the Spring River. Terrain in the Arkansas portion of this river is rugged as the river …
Utilization Of Nest Boxes By The Southern Flying Squirrel, Glaucomys Volans, In Central Arkansas, Gary A. Heidt
Utilization Of Nest Boxes By The Southern Flying Squirrel, Glaucomys Volans, In Central Arkansas, Gary A. Heidt
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Thirty-five nest boxes were placed 4.5-5.5 meters above the ground in an eight acre mixed pine-hardwood plot 20 km SE of Bryant, Saline County, Arkansas. These boxes were monitored from February, 1972, to May, 1975. Flying squirrels used the boxes between October and May, probably returning to den trees during the hotter period of the year. A total of 30 squirrels (18 males and 12 females) were marked by ear notching during the three year period. The winter population of the study area was estimated to be between 10 and 15 squirrels. It was not uncommon to find eight or …
Dragonflies Of (Anisoptera) Arkansas, George L. Harp, John D. Rickett
Dragonflies Of (Anisoptera) Arkansas, George L. Harp, John D. Rickett
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Previous publications have recorded 69 species of dragonflies for Arkansas. Three of these are deleted, but state records for 21 new species are reported herein, bringing the list to 87 species. Based on lists from adjacent states, an additional nine species are listed as probably occurring in Arkansas. County records are given for both naiads and adults of each species, as well as first and last capture dates for adults. Specific location and capture date are given for new state records when such data are available. The most species (39) have been reported from Washington County. Twenty-nine counties list from …
Effects Of 2, 4, 5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid On Swiss-Webster Mice, Gerald S. Greer
Effects Of 2, 4, 5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid On Swiss-Webster Mice, Gerald S. Greer
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Pure and Commercial samples of the herbicide 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5- T) were tested on Swiss-Webster mice for: (1) interruption of the estrus cycle and (2) teratogenic effects. The estrus cycle of mice administered Commercial 2,4,5-T was interrupted in 42.9% of the animals and in 12.5% of the animals given Pure 2,4,5-T. No fetal abnormalities were found in pregnant animals treated with Commercial or Pure 2,4,5-T. Fetal resorptions were found in both treatment groups. Treatment with Pure 2,4,5-T produced a significant decrease in viable fetal weight and increased fetal deaths.
Fishes Of Crowley's Ridge In Arkansas, Robert F. Fulmer, George L. Harp
Fishes Of Crowley's Ridge In Arkansas, Robert F. Fulmer, George L. Harp
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Crowley's Ridge is one of the six natural geographic divisions of Arkansas which rises out of the Mississippi embayment as a relatively steep, uncultivated loessial mass. The ridge is drained by a network of headwater streams which are relatively clear with alkaline pH values and uniformly low alkalinity values. Carbon dioxide values were moderate and oxygen values were adequate. The fish species collected were basically headwater in composition. Isolated groups of characteristically upland species indicate that environmental quality of adjacent deltaic streams was better at one time.
Fishes Of Sylamore Creek, Stone County, Arkansas, George C. Frazier, John K. Beadles
Fishes Of Sylamore Creek, Stone County, Arkansas, George C. Frazier, John K. Beadles
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
A survey of the fishes of Sylamore Creek in northcentral Arkansas yielded a total of 15,041 specimens representing 44 species, including one hybrid, distributed among 11 families. The three most abundant fishes collected were: Notropis pilsbryi Fowler, Dionda nubila (Forbes), and Notropis telescopus (Cope), respectively. Two species, Campostoma anomalum pullum (Agassiz), and N. pilsbryi, were collected at every station. Sylamore Creek is a clear predominantely spring-fed stream that originate in the Ozark Mountains of northcentral Arkansas and empties into the White River 72.3 km above Bates vilie. Sylamore Creek is composed of two branches, North and South Sylamore, which comprise …
Forest Communities Of Crowley's Ridge, G. Thomas Clark
Forest Communities Of Crowley's Ridge, G. Thomas Clark
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
The forest communities of Crowley's Ridge in Arkansas were surveyed by sampling 22 selected stands which met predetermined criteria. The Importance Value (I.V.) for each woody species over one decimeter, diameter breast height (dbh), was derived from the combined values of relative density, relative dominance by basal area (B.A.), and relative frequency. Young trees under one decimeter, dbh, were assigned to three height classes from which frequency, density, and stratification data were derived. White Oak-Red Oak-Hickory is the general forest type. Its subdivisions: Oak-Hickory-Pine Forest, Mixed Oak-Hickory Forest, and White Oak-Beech Forest are advocated for practical field references. They are …
Comparative Studies Of The Witch Hazels Hamamelis Virginiana And H. Vernalis, Jack L. Bradford, Daniel L. Marsh
Comparative Studies Of The Witch Hazels Hamamelis Virginiana And H. Vernalis, Jack L. Bradford, Daniel L. Marsh
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
An investigation of Hamamelis vernalis Sarg. and H. Virginiana L. was begun in southwestern Arkansas in the tall of 1976. An overlap of flowering periods occurred from late November through December, affording the possibility of hybridization. At one site the two taxa flowered simultaneously only 30 yards apart. Variation occurs in both taxa and there is a degree of overlap in most characters, but the composite of diagnostic features distinguishes the two species. The hybrid origin of H. vernalis suggested by Jenne (1966) does not seem likely.
Development Of Sporangia In Polypodium Aureum Var. Undulatum: Initial Scanning Electron Microscopial Observations, William R. Bowen, David Williams
Development Of Sporangia In Polypodium Aureum Var. Undulatum: Initial Scanning Electron Microscopial Observations, William R. Bowen, David Williams
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Preliminary SEM observations of developing sori of P. aureum revealed several potential areas for future ultrastructural (SEM and TEM) study, including ontogeny of sporangial initials, annulus differentiation, and sport wall development.
Fishes Of Randolph County, Arkansas, Steve M. Bounds, John K. Beadles, Billy M. Johnson
Fishes Of Randolph County, Arkansas, Steve M. Bounds, John K. Beadles, Billy M. Johnson
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
A survey of the fishes of Randolph County in northcentral Arkansas was made between June 1973 and March 1977. Field collections, literature records, and museum specimens revealed the ichthyofauna of Randolph County to be composed of 128 species distributed among 24 families. Cyprinidae was the largest family, being represented by 34 species while Percidae was represented by 24 species. Randolph County is composed of Ozark Uplands and Coastal Plain areas. All of the stream systems flow into the Black River system with the exception of Village Creek in the southeastern corner of the county which flows into White River. The …
Yolk-Periblast Junction In Fundulus Heteroclitus, Claudia F. Bailey
Yolk-Periblast Junction In Fundulus Heteroclitus, Claudia F. Bailey
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
The yolk of teleost eggs becomes covered with a syncytial periblast during embryonic development. Nutrients must be transported through the periblast before they are available to the embryo. Tranmission electron micrographs of thin sections and of freeze-fractured replicas show a number of features at the yolk-periblast junction which may be correlated with yolk transport. These features include vesicle formation and exchange, channelization and interdigitation.
Oxygen Toxicity In The Mammalian Liver, Dennis A. Baeyens, M. J. Meier
Oxygen Toxicity In The Mammalian Liver, Dennis A. Baeyens, M. J. Meier
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
The effect of hyperbaric oxygen tensions on the oxygen consumption of mouse liver homogenates was investigated. It was found that hyperbaric oxygen rapidly inhibits the oxidative metabolism of the mammalian liver. Mouse liver homogenate exposed to an oxygen tension of 3837.8 mm Hg for 30 minutes demonstrated a 50.6% reduction in oxygen consumption compared to controls exposed to nitrogen at ambient pressure. The effects of reduced glutathione as a protective agent against hyperbaric oxygen toxicity were also examined. Liver homogenates pretreated with reduced glutathione and exposed to hyperbaric oxygen tensions demonstrated greater activity than untreated controls. It is concluded that: …
Scaled Chrysophyceae From Arkansas, Robert A. Andersen, Richard L. Meyer
Scaled Chrysophyceae From Arkansas, Robert A. Andersen, Richard L. Meyer
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
An initial study of scaled chrysophytes from Arkansas is presented. Species include: Synura Petersenii f. Petersenii, S. spinosa f. spinosa, S. curtispina f. curtispina, S. curtispina f. reticulata, S. uvella, Mallomonas striata var. striata, M. pumilio var. pumilio, and Chrysosphaerella brevispina. Transmission electron micrographs of their siliceous scales are included.