Life Sciences Commons^™

Assessment Of Novel Protein Ingredient Arthrospira Platensis (Microalgae) And Soybean Genotype Amino Acid And Oil Selection Improvements On Broiler Performance, Savannah Wells Crafton

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Two experiments were conducted to assess the efficiency of including novel protein ingredient Arthrospira platensis or improved soybean meal in a broiler diet. The first experiment aimed to determine the feeding value of soybean meal produced from varieties of soybeans bred for increased amino acid content (SBAA) improved oil content (SBO) compared to a conventional soybean variety in an ANOVA design fed to Cobb 500 female broilers for 28-42d of age. The SBAA and SBO soybeans contained overall higher amino acid content and lower oligosaccharide content compared to the conventional soybean variety in addition to improved oil quality. The second …

Enhancing Amino Acid Utilization For Broiler Chickens Under Different Scenarios Of Dietary Protein Reduction And Subclinical Coccidiosis, Derrell Trevor Lee

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Five experiments were conducted to evaluate responses of broiler chickens fed diets with different dietary amino acid (AA) levels when fed normal and reduced dietary crude protein (RCP) diets and reared under different coccidiosis control programs. In the studies with the use of RCP diets, the relationship between dietary Gly + Ser and the Met:Cys ratio was investigated. Experiment 1 evaluated broilers in 2 coccidiosis control programs (live vaccine or in-feed zoalene) and fed increased dietary AA derived from soybean meal or unbound sources from 0-40 d. Vaccination impaired young (0-26 d) broiler body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion …

Examining The Effects Of Oral Contraceptive Use On Thermoregulation, Whitley C. Atkins

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of combined (estradiol and progestin) monophasic oral contraceptive pill (OCP) use on thermoregulation. Further, we sought to evaluate OCP use on acute rehydration post-exercise in the heat using recommended rehydration guidelines. Methods: Twelve healthy, aerobically trained (VO2peak = 47.8 ± 4.7 mL/kg/min), long term female oral contraceptive users completed a familiarization trial and two experimental days separated by ≥ 7 days. The two experimental trials were identical except for the hormone dosing phase. One trial was completed during the third week of active pill dosing (ACT) and one during …

Food Allergy Education In The Hospitality Industry, Hayley Stull

Human Nutrition and Hospitality Management Undergraduate Honors Theses

Food allergies affect thousands of people, because hospitality foodservice workers come into contact with the public, it is necessary that they need to be fully trained to ensure the safety of the public. This is especially important for those who possess food allergies. Previous research has shown major gaps in knowledge amongst these workers, which can lead to the potential to harm individuals with a food allergy. There is a lack in the consistency of training specifically concerning food allergies for food service workers across all states in the U.S. There are previous forms of educational tools concerning food allergies …

Camp: Children’S Acceptance Of Muffins With Different Proteins, Amber Knoernschild

Human Nutrition and Hospitality Management Undergraduate Honors Theses

In 2019, around 40% of school-aged children in Arkansas were classified as overweight (~17%) and obese (~23%), according to BMI data collected. Children with obesity have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Unhealthy eating habits, such as skipping breakfast, have been strongly associated with overeating, weight gain and obesity. Breakfast is a key component of a healthy diet and can positively impact children’s health and well-being. However, there has been a steady decline in breakfast consumption in US children over the past 40 years. Specifically, breakfast consumption declined among 8–10-yearold children by 9% and adolescents …

The Effects Of Time Restricted Feeding On Markers Of Type 2 Diabetes, Brooke Martin

Biological Sciences Undergraduate Honors Theses

Type 2 diabetes is one of the fastest growing chronic diseases in the country, comprising 10% of the American population. Obesity rates are at an all-time high and greatly increase risk factors for developing diabetes. Insulin resistance is the main feature of type 2 diabetes and causes management of the disease to be extremely difficult. Currently there are different possible treatments for type 2 diabetes including medication and dieting. However, diets involving fasting, though high in popularity, do not have a lot of evidence regarding their ability to prevent the development of type 2 diabetes.

Time restricted feeding (TRF) is …

Efficacy Of Multivitamin-Mineral Supplementation On Measures Of Anxiety, Depression, Self-Esteem, Dysregulation, And Perceived Stress In Young Adults, Courtney Gorden

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Mental health in the United States is at an all-time low with 21% of adults 18+ suffering from depression or anxiety. When compared with other categories, emerging adults (18-25 years old) have the highest prevalence of mental health disorders at 30%. Young adults face an inordinate amount of stress given the COVID-19 pandemic, being in a unique developmental stage, experiencing new relationships, and transitioning from high school to their professional lives. Vitamins and minerals have roles in neurobiochemistry and have been investigated for effects on mental health with mixed results. Few studies factor in the unique emerging adult developmental stage …

Recipe Modification For Cardiovascular Health, Meg Tolbert

Human Nutrition and Hospitality Management Undergraduate Honors Theses

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death globally. CVDs affect the heart and blood vessels. The most prominent CVDs are coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, rheumatic heart disease, and other conditions. More than four out of five CVD deaths are due to heart attacks and strokes.

The most important behavioral risk factors of heart disease and stroke are unhealthy diet and physical inactivity, but also include harmful abuse of tobacco and alcohol. These lifestyle factors display themselves as phenotypes like high blood pressure, high blood glucose and blood lipids, diabetes, and obesity. These risk factors, outside of genotype …

The Impact Of Dietary Protein Supplementation As Part Of A Time Restricted Feeding Eating Pattern On Sleep, Mood, And Body Composition In Adults With Overweight Or Obesity, Rebecca L. Bowie

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Obesity in the United States continues to increase, and effective, long-term weight loss strategies are limited. Time restricted feeding (TRF) is a dietary intervention that has potential to serve as an effective long-term weight loss strategy, however more data is needed to establish the effectiveness of a TRF eating pattern on obesity and its related health outcomes. To our knowledge, manipulation of macronutrient composition during TRF intervention and the effect of TRF on sleep and mood have not been studied. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of protein supplementation during TRF on mood, sleep, and …

Dissonance Between Christian Beliefs And Eating Habits In The South, Karli Dianne Stringer

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this qualitative study was to initiate understanding of how obesity in the South is still so prevalent even though the majority of inhabitants subscribe to a faith that discourages unhealthy lifestyles. Furthermore, the information presented in this research sought to fill the knowledge gap for communicators and educators concerning the dissonance between Christianity in the South and the unhealthy eating habits of Southerners. Grounded in the Cognitive Dissonance Theory, this study comprised of a semi-structured interview route in which Protestant evangelical Christians in the South (N = 11) participated in a descriptive study conducted by a committee …

Divergent Selection For Water Conversion Ratio In Broiler Populations, Joseph Hiltz

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Water scarcity is a global reality and with the anticipated population growth, freshwater resources will be further strained to meet both human needs and agriculture applications. To ensure a water sustainable and food secure future, all aspects of agriculture must become more efficient. Two strategies were explored. The potential of improving water efficiency in broilers was examined. The first strategy was to develop a more efficient and accurate method for measuring water consumption/inputs in agriculture. To date, water measuring technology has lacked the necessary sophistication to assure accuracy and repeatability of low flow water usage.

After establishing a low flow …

Exercise Is Medicine: Health And Fitness At The U Of A And Beyond, Erin Howie Hickey

Seminars

Dr. Howie Hickey will discuss the latest research on the benefits of physical activity for physical and mental health, from COVID-19 to depression, including what the science can say about the optimal dose and intensity. She will share recent data collected by the Exercise is Medicine team on physical activity, fitness and wellness in the University of Arkansas community and discuss future directions and opportunities.

The Importance Of Exercise And Nutrition In Early Life, Elisabet Borsheim

Seminars

Dr. Børsheim will present her research on the important of exercise and nutrition in early life. In her presentation Dr. Børsheim will focus on childhood obesity and show that this can increase risk for later life metabolic dysfunction. She will discuss if physical fitness can attenuate negative effects of obesity in children and if there are critical windows of development where physical activity is of specific importance. Finally, she will present data on impact on early physical activity and nutrition on response to exercise later in life.

Dfend Wrap Up, Jamie Baum, Erin Howie

Diet, Food, Exercise, and Nutrition (D-FEND)

This is an overview of DFEND from the beginning and what was learned and shared.

Summer Fun: Maintaining Healthy Behaviors When Schedules Change, Erin Howie, Jamie Baum

Diet, Food, Exercise, and Nutrition (D-FEND)

Maintaining healthy behaviors during the summer and how best to take care of yourself in the heat.

What Role Does Stress Play In Overall Health?, Jamie Baum

Diet, Food, Exercise, and Nutrition (D-FEND)

What is Stress?

Alternative names for stress.

Types of stress.

Causes of stress.

Learning to recognize stress.

What Is Self-Efficacy, Why Does It Matter, And How Can We Improve It?, Bryce Daniels

Diet, Food, Exercise, and Nutrition (D-FEND)

Self-efficacy defined and examples shared. Self-efficacy shows to directly influence health behavior performance.

Grit defined and examples shared. There are two components to grit: consistency of interest and perseverance of effort.

Implementing And Evaluating Health Behavior Changes, Robert E. Davis

Diet, Food, Exercise, and Nutrition (D-FEND)

Describes what health, health behavior and health behavior change mean and how to take action to create a health behavior change for yourself.

Communicating Healthy Behavior Choices In Your Community, Bonnie Faitak

Diet, Food, Exercise, and Nutrition (D-FEND)

How a team at UAMS has been helping communicate about healthy food choices across the region, state, and world.

How Do Food And Physical Activity Policies Affect Our Health?, Chris Long

Diet, Food, Exercise, and Nutrition (D-FEND)

Policy is generally defined and then tied into how food and physical health policies affect our everyday lives.

The Effect Of Whey Protein Supplementation At Breakfast On Tryptophan Levels, Food Intake, And Mood In Postmenopausal Women In A 16-Week Randomized Controlled Trial, Danielle Warren

Human Nutrition and Hospitality Management Undergraduate Honors Theses

Whey protein isolate supplementation has been recognized as having potential for regulating appetite, thereby potentially improving mood and food intake.

The objectives of this project were to 1) analyze the effects of high-quality whey protein intake on overall diet, and 2) identify and examine a correlation between tryptophan levels and mood regulation.

This research was conducted using a randomized experimental design. A total of 13 post-menopausal women (12+ months after last reported menstrual cycle) were recruited and allocated to one of two dietary intervention (DI) groups: 1) control (maintain current lifestyle; CON; n = 6), and 2) whey protein isolate …

Impact Of Different Plant-Based Foods Consumption On The Composition And Diversity Of Gut Microbiota, Ayoub Al Othaim

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Plant-based diets are primarily derived from plant sources, including fruits and vegetables. Such patterns are associated with health benefits by promoting general health and preventing many diseases and metabolic disorders. Fruits and vegetables are key sources of high-quality nutrients such as dietary fibers and polyphenols. Since they are rich in dietary fibers and polyphenols, whole fruits and vegetables represent unique and somewhat understudied modulators of the gut microbiota and its associated functions. This study aims to (i) investigate the impact of varying dilutions of cherry juices concentrate on the composition of the murine gut microbiota, (ii) investigate the impact of …

Thinking About Availability And Accessibility, Di Fang

Diet, Food, Exercise, and Nutrition (D-FEND)

Food environments are described, including food deserts and food access.

Improving Our Food And Physical Activity Environments, Michael R. Thomsen

Diet, Food, Exercise, and Nutrition (D-FEND)

Learn about food environments, the good and not so good food environments and how to improve the not so good food environments.

Learn that physical activity environments are important for everyone.

Social Influences On Behavior Change, Regina Schreiber

Diet, Food, Exercise, and Nutrition (D-FEND)

What is Social Influence and why does it matter?

Strategies For Change: Social Support, Erin Howie

Diet, Food, Exercise, and Nutrition (D-FEND)

What is Social Support?

Different types of social support.

Tips to improve our social network.

Strategies For Change: Mindfulness, Ed Mink

Diet, Food, Exercise, and Nutrition (D-FEND)

Ed Mink will share mindfulness strategies and take everyone through a mindfulness session.

Strategies For Change: Behavior Change Using Self Talk, Kaitlyn Chamberlain

Diet, Food, Exercise, and Nutrition (D-FEND)

Speaker shares how self-talk can help improve our ability to meet our goals.

Strategies For Change: Effective Goal Setting, Jamie Baum

Diet, Food, Exercise, and Nutrition (D-FEND)

Goal setting and What is a SMART goal?

Strategies For Change: Motivation & Rewards, Kayce Hyde

Diet, Food, Exercise, and Nutrition (D-FEND)

Kayce Hyde speaks about motivation and how we can initiate, guide and maintain goal-oriented behaviors.