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Articles 31 - 60 of 136
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Grnsight: A Web Application And Service For Visualizing Models Of Small- To Medium-Scale Gene Regulatory Networks, Kam D. Dahlquist, John David N. Dionisio, Ben G. Fitzpatrick, Nicole A. Anguiano, Anindita Varshneya, Britain J. Southwick, Mihir Samdarshi
Grnsight: A Web Application And Service For Visualizing Models Of Small- To Medium-Scale Gene Regulatory Networks, Kam D. Dahlquist, John David N. Dionisio, Ben G. Fitzpatrick, Nicole A. Anguiano, Anindita Varshneya, Britain J. Southwick, Mihir Samdarshi
Biology Faculty Works
GRNsight is a web application and service for visualizing models of gene regulatory networks (GRNs). A gene regulatory network (GRN) consists of genes, transcription factors, and the regulatory connections between them which govern the level of expression of mRNA and protein from genes. The original motivation came from our efforts to perform parameter estimation and forward simulation of the dynamics of a differential equations model of a small GRN with 21 nodes and 31 edges. We wanted a quick and easy way to visualize the weight parameters from the model which represent the direction and magnitude of the influence of …
Measures Of Relative Dentary Strength In Rancho La Brea Smilodon Fatalis Over Time, Wendy J. Binder, Kassaundra S. Cervantes, Julie A. Meachen
Measures Of Relative Dentary Strength In Rancho La Brea Smilodon Fatalis Over Time, Wendy J. Binder, Kassaundra S. Cervantes, Julie A. Meachen
Biology Faculty Works
The late Pleistocene megafaunal extinction of approximately 12,000 years ago, included the demise of Smilodon fatalis, a hypercarnivore from the Rancho La Brea deposits, which has been studied across time by looking at different deposits or pits to determine morphological size and shape changes and trends during this time. To better understand functional aspects of these changes, this study focused on a measure of jaw strength over time, which can give an indication of morphological changes within the jaw that cannot be seen using surface morphometrics. By radiographing dentaries, cortical bone can be seen, which provides an estimate of resistance …
A Potential Mate Influences Reproductive Development In Female, But Not Male, Pine Siskins, Heather E. Watts, Bruce Edley, Thomas P. Hahn
A Potential Mate Influences Reproductive Development In Female, But Not Male, Pine Siskins, Heather E. Watts, Bruce Edley, Thomas P. Hahn
Biology Faculty Works
The role of photoperiod in avian reproductive timing has been well studied, and we are increasingly recognizing the roles of other environmental cues such as social cues. However, few studies have evaluated the extent to which males and females of the same species respond similarly to the same type of cue. Moreover, previous studies have rarely examined how variation in the quality or nature of a given social cue might modulate its effect. Here, we examine the sensitivity of male and female pine siskins (Spinus pinus) to a potential mate as a stimulatory cue for gonadal recrudescence, and …
A “Rule-Of-Five” Framework For Models And Modeling To Unify Mathematicians And Biologists And Improve Student Learning, Kam D. Dahlquist
A “Rule-Of-Five” Framework For Models And Modeling To Unify Mathematicians And Biologists And Improve Student Learning, Kam D. Dahlquist
Biology Faculty Works
Despite widespread calls for the incorporation of mathematical modeling into the undergraduate biology curriculum, there is lack of a common understanding around the definition of modeling, which inhibits progress. In this paper, we extend the “Rule-of-Four,” initially used in calculus reform efforts, to a “Rule-of-Five” framework for models and modeling that is inclusive of varying disciplinary definitions of each. This unifying framework allows us to both build on strengths that each discipline and its students bring, but also identify gaps in modeling activities practiced by each discipline. We also discuss benefits to student learning and interdisciplinary collaboration.
Bolstered Physical Defences Under Nutrient-Enriched Conditions May Facilitate A Secondary Foundational Algal Species In The South Pacific, Sarah Joy Bittick
Bolstered Physical Defences Under Nutrient-Enriched Conditions May Facilitate A Secondary Foundational Algal Species In The South Pacific, Sarah Joy Bittick
Biology Faculty Works
Humans have a long history of changing species' ranges and habitat distributions, making studies of the ecological processes that may facilitate these changes of key importance, particularly in cases where a primary foundation species is replaced by another, less desirable species. We investigated the impact of nutrients and herbivory on Turbinaria ornata, a secondary foundational macroalga that depends on and likely competes with coral, the primary foundational community. T. ornata is also rapidly expanding in range and habitat across the South Pacific. We conducted (i) a mesocosm experiment assessing relative nutrient limitation, (ii) a field experiment comparing importance of nutrients …
Nutrients Induce And Herbivores Maintain Thallus Toughness, A Structural Antiherbivory Defense In Turbinaria Ornata, Sarah Joy Bittick
Nutrients Induce And Herbivores Maintain Thallus Toughness, A Structural Antiherbivory Defense In Turbinaria Ornata, Sarah Joy Bittick
Biology Faculty Works
The loss of coral cover, frequently driven by anthropogenic disturbances, can result in a phase shift to dominance by fleshy macroalgae, many of which contain anti-herbivore defenses. Using field surveys, a mesocosm experiment, and field experiments, we evaluate whether 2 human impacts-nutrient enrichment and reduction in herbivory-affected production and maintenance of thallus toughness, a physical defense of the brown macroalgae Turbinari ornata that has recently expanded across the South Pacific. In contrast to our expectations, there was a weak negative relationship between herbivorous fish abundance and thallus toughness This relationship was driven by greater toughness in algae collected at the …
Preliminary Report: A Survey Of Aggressive Behaviors In The American Coot (Fulica Americana) At Ballona Wetlands, California, Victor D. Carmona-Galindo, Mariele Anne Courtois, Kiara Cerda
Preliminary Report: A Survey Of Aggressive Behaviors In The American Coot (Fulica Americana) At Ballona Wetlands, California, Victor D. Carmona-Galindo, Mariele Anne Courtois, Kiara Cerda
Biology Faculty Works
Understanding interspecific and intraspecific aggression is important for wildlife management and sustainability of populations. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether there is a difference in number of occurrences of interspecific aggression between American coots (Fulica americana) and mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) and intraspecific aggression among American coots in the Ballona wetland habitat of Southern California. Trends in literature describe coots as highly aggressive toward other coots year-round and toward other bird species during the breeding season. Because we conducted observations outside the breeding season, we hypothesized that more instances of intraspecific aggression would …
Parameter Estimation For Gene Regulatory Networks From Microarray Data: Cold Shock Response In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Kam D. Dahlquist, Ben G. Fitzpatrick, Erika T. Camacho, Stephanie D. Entzminger, Nathan C. Wanner
Parameter Estimation For Gene Regulatory Networks From Microarray Data: Cold Shock Response In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Kam D. Dahlquist, Ben G. Fitzpatrick, Erika T. Camacho, Stephanie D. Entzminger, Nathan C. Wanner
Biology Faculty Works
We investigated the dynamics of a gene regulatory network controlling the cold shock response in budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The medium-scale network, derived from published genome-wide location data, consists of 21 transcription factors that regulate one another through 31 directed edges. The expression levels of the individual transcription factors were modeled using mass balance ordinary differential equations with a sigmoidal production function. Each equation includes a production rate, a degradation rate, weights that denote the magnitude and type of influence of the connected transcription factors (activation or repression), and a threshold of expression. The inverse problem of determining model …
Dna-Based Authentication Of Botanicals And Plant-Derived Dietary Supplements: Where Have We Been And Where Are We Going?, Denise F. Coutinho Moraes, David W. Still, Michelle R. Lum, Ann M. Hirsch
Dna-Based Authentication Of Botanicals And Plant-Derived Dietary Supplements: Where Have We Been And Where Are We Going?, Denise F. Coutinho Moraes, David W. Still, Michelle R. Lum, Ann M. Hirsch
Biology Faculty Works
Herbal medicines and botanicals have long been used as sole or additional medical aids worldwide. Currently, billions of dollars are spent on botanicals and related products, but minimal regulation exists regarding their purity, integrity, and efficacy. Cases of adulteration and contamination have led to severe illness and even death in some cases. Identifying the plant material in botanicals and phytomedicines using organoleptic means or through microscopic observation of plant parts is not trivial, and plants are often misidentified. Recently, DNA-based methods have been applied to these products because DNA is not changed by growth conditions unlike the chemical constituents of …
Thermal Variation, Thermal Extremes And The Physiological Performance Of Individuals, W. Wesley Dowd, Felicia A. King, Mark W. Denny
Thermal Variation, Thermal Extremes And The Physiological Performance Of Individuals, W. Wesley Dowd, Felicia A. King, Mark W. Denny
Biology Faculty Works
In this review we consider how small-scale temporal and spatial variation in body temperature, and biochemical/physiological variation among individuals, affect the prediction of organisms’ performance in nature. For ‘normal’ body temperatures – benign temperatures near the species’ mean – thermal biology traditionally uses performance curves to describe how physiological capabilities vary with temperature. However, these curves, which are typically measured under static laboratory conditions, can yield incomplete or inaccurate predictions of how organisms respond to natural patterns of temperature variation. For example, scale transition theory predicts that, in a variable environment, peak average performance is lower and occurs at a …
Proteomic Analysis Of Cardiac Response To Thermal Acclimation In The Eurythermal Goby Fish Gillichthys Mirabilis, W. Wesley Dowd, Nishad Jayasundara, Lars Tomanek, George N. Somero
Proteomic Analysis Of Cardiac Response To Thermal Acclimation In The Eurythermal Goby Fish Gillichthys Mirabilis, W. Wesley Dowd, Nishad Jayasundara, Lars Tomanek, George N. Somero
Biology Faculty Works
Cardiac function is thought to play a central role in determining thermal optima and tolerance limits in teleost fishes. Investigating proteomic responses to temperature in cardiac tissues may provide insights into mechanisms supporting the thermal plasticity of cardiac function. Here, we utilized a global proteomic analysis to investigate changes in cardiac protein abundance in response to temperature acclimation (transfer from 13°C to 9, 19 and 26°C) in a eurythermal goby, Gillichthys mirabilis. Proteomic data revealed 122 differentially expressed proteins across acclimation groups, 37 of which were identified using tandem mass-spectrometry. These 37 proteins are involved in energy metabolism, mitochondrial regulation, …
Mia40 Protein Serves As An Electron Sink In The Mia40-Erv1 Import Pathway, Sonya E. Neal, Deepa V. Dabir, Heather L. Tienson, Darryl M. Horn, Kathrin Glaeser, Rachel R. Ogozalek Loo, Antoni Barrientos, Carla M. Koehler
Mia40 Protein Serves As An Electron Sink In The Mia40-Erv1 Import Pathway, Sonya E. Neal, Deepa V. Dabir, Heather L. Tienson, Darryl M. Horn, Kathrin Glaeser, Rachel R. Ogozalek Loo, Antoni Barrientos, Carla M. Koehler
Biology Faculty Works
A redox-regulated import pathway consisting of Mia40 and Erv1 mediates the import of cysteine-rich proteins into the mitochondrial intermembrane space. Mia40 is the oxidoreductase that inserts two disulfide bonds into the substrate simultaneously. However, Mia40 has one redox-active cysteine pair, resulting in ambiguity about how Mia40 accepts numerous electrons during substrate oxidation. In this study, we have addressed the oxidation of Tim13 in vitro and in organello. Reductants such as glutathione and ascorbate inhibited both the oxidation of the substrate Tim13 in vitro and the import of Tim13 and Cmc1 into isolated mitochondria. In addition, a ternary complex consisting …
Fall Migratory Patterns Of The Blackpoll Warbler At A Continental Scale, Kristen M. Covino
Fall Migratory Patterns Of The Blackpoll Warbler At A Continental Scale, Kristen M. Covino
Biology Faculty Works
Blackpoll Warblers (Setophaga striata) breed across Canada and the northern United States and fly across the Atlantic Ocean to South America in fall. Studies of fall migration in this species have centered on the extensive overwater flights but have ignored other aspects of this migration, including potential geographic variation. We used Blackpoll Warbler banding records from 3 coastal (Atlantic seaboard) sites and 9 inland sites to study the fall migration. The sites covered a wide range of the species' geographic distribution during breeding and fall migration in North America. The data spanned the years 1967-2013, though the particular years sampled …
Patterns Of Testosterone In Three Nearctic-Neotropical Migratory Songbirds During Spring Passage, Kristen M. Covino
Patterns Of Testosterone In Three Nearctic-Neotropical Migratory Songbirds During Spring Passage, Kristen M. Covino
Biology Faculty Works
Preparation for breeding may overlap extensively with vernal migration in long-distance migratory songbirds. Testosterone plays a central role in mediating this transition into breeding condition by facilitating changes to physiology and behavior. While changes in testosterone levels are well studied in captive migrants, these changes are less well known in free-living birds. We examined testosterone levels in free-living Nearctic-Neotropical migrants of three species during their vernal migration. Testosterone levels increased during the migratory period in males of all three species but significantly so in only two. Testosterone levels in females remained the same throughout their migration. Our results support the …
Mining The Phytomicrobiome To Understand How Bacterial Coinoculations Enhance Plant Growth, Nancy Fujishige
Mining The Phytomicrobiome To Understand How Bacterial Coinoculations Enhance Plant Growth, Nancy Fujishige
Biology Faculty Works
In previous work, we showed that coinoculating Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae 128C53 and Bacillus simplex 30N-5 onto Pisum sativum L. roots resulted in better nodulation and increased plant growth. We now expand this research to include another alpha-rhizobial species as well as a beta-rhizobium, Burkholderia tuberum STM678. We first determined whether the rhizobia were compatible with B. simplex 30N-5 by cross-streaking experiments, and then Medicago truncatula and Melilotus alba were coinoculated with B. simplex 30N-5 and Sinorhizobium (Ensifer) meliloti to determine the effects on plant growth. Similarly, B. simplex 30N-5 and Bu. tuberum STM678 were coinoculated onto Macroptilium atropurpureum. The …
A Reliable Method For The Selection And Confirmation Of Transconjugants Of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria Especially Plant-Associated Burkholderia Spp., Michelle Lum
Biology Faculty Works
Selectable markers, e.g., antibiotic resistance, for conjugation experiments are not always effective for slow-growing plant growth promoting bacteria such as Burkholderia. We used PCAT medium containing Congo Red for selecting Burkholderia transconjugants. This method allows for the reliable selection of transconjugants of these novel plant growth-promoting bacteria.
Insect Visitation Of Peduncular And Petiolar Extrafloral Nectar Glands On Castor Bean (Ricinus Communis L.) Plants In Southern California, Victor D. Carmona-Galindo, Taylor Waters, David Chirikian
Insect Visitation Of Peduncular And Petiolar Extrafloral Nectar Glands On Castor Bean (Ricinus Communis L.) Plants In Southern California, Victor D. Carmona-Galindo, Taylor Waters, David Chirikian
Biology Faculty Works
Castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) is a myrmecophytic plant species with specialized extrafloral nectar (EFN) glands that serve to attract predatory insects, which in return defend plant-tissues against herbivores. The EFN glands on castor bean plants are located along the leaf petioles as well as on the peduncles of its imperfect (unisexual) flowers. This field-project evaluates the richness, diversity, and species assemblage of insects visiting EFN glands located on (female and male) flower peduncles and leaf petioles on castor bean plants growing in a Southern California coastal landscape. We detected that EFN glands on female-flower peduncles were visited by …
Exploration Of Climate Influences On The Abundance Of Galls On Red Willow (Salix /Aevigata) Across Two Riparian Communities In Southern California, Victor D. Carmona-Galindo, Rachael Sears, Tauras P. Vilgalys, Emily Hand, Sara Morledge-Hampton
Exploration Of Climate Influences On The Abundance Of Galls On Red Willow (Salix /Aevigata) Across Two Riparian Communities In Southern California, Victor D. Carmona-Galindo, Rachael Sears, Tauras P. Vilgalys, Emily Hand, Sara Morledge-Hampton
Biology Faculty Works
In Southern California, the red willow (Sa/ix laevigata Bebb) hosts a variety of gall-inducing parasitic insects. However, little is known about the ecology of these parasites, particularly the characterization of their microclimate preferences. This study explores the relationship between microclimate and gall frequencies in S. laevigata in the Ballona Wetlands and Temescal Canyon, and gall count correlated with biotic and abiotic factors such as soil pH, soil moisture and willow density. Significantly more galls per leaf were found at Temescal Canyon than Ballona Wetlands. Although the number of galls per leaf correlated negatively with soil pH, soil moisture content and …
Differential Resource Allocation Of Black Mustard Plants (Brassica Nigra L.) With Proximity To Black Walnut Trees (Jug/Ans Californica L.) In A Southern California Riparian Ecosystem, Victor D. Carmona-Galindo, Matt Cronrod, Kellyanne Gold
Differential Resource Allocation Of Black Mustard Plants (Brassica Nigra L.) With Proximity To Black Walnut Trees (Jug/Ans Californica L.) In A Southern California Riparian Ecosystem, Victor D. Carmona-Galindo, Matt Cronrod, Kellyanne Gold
Biology Faculty Works
The invasive forb Brassica nigra (black mustard) and the native tree Jug/ans californica (black walnut) are allelopathic species that suppress the growth of neighboring plants. This study evaluates how allocation to root, reproductive, and photosynthetic biomass in B. nigra was affected with proximity to J. califomica. We hypothesized that a joint suppressive effect would lead to lower root biomass allocation in B. nigra near J. californica due to reduced interspecific competition. Our results indicate that B. nigra plants growing near J. califomica had significantly lower root : total biomass ratios, and provide insights into how to effectively control this invasive …
Cranial Morphometrics Of The Dire Wolf, Canis Dirus, At Rancho La Brea: Temporal Variability And Its Links To Nutrient Stress And Climate, F. Robin O'Keefe, Wendy J. Binder, Stephen R. Frost, Rudyard W. Sadlier, Blaire Van Valkenburgh
Cranial Morphometrics Of The Dire Wolf, Canis Dirus, At Rancho La Brea: Temporal Variability And Its Links To Nutrient Stress And Climate, F. Robin O'Keefe, Wendy J. Binder, Stephen R. Frost, Rudyard W. Sadlier, Blaire Van Valkenburgh
Biology Faculty Works
The tar pits of Rancho La Brea are a unique window onto the biology and ecology of the terminal Pleistocene in southern California. In this study we capitalize on recent advances in understanding of La Brea tar pit chronology to perform the first morphometric study of crania of the dire wolf, Canis dirus, over time. We first present new data on tooth fracture and wear from pits dated older than heretofore analyzed, and demonstrate that fracture and wear events, and the increased competition and heightened carcass utilization they are thought to represent, were of varying intensity across the sampled …
Characterization Of Sugar Diversity In Floral And Extra-Floral Nectar From The Coastal Coral Tree (Erythrina Caffra Thunb.) In Southern California, Victor D. Carmona-Galindo, Kenny Morales, Renee Maser, Julius Doyle, Mera Gobrial
Characterization Of Sugar Diversity In Floral And Extra-Floral Nectar From The Coastal Coral Tree (Erythrina Caffra Thunb.) In Southern California, Victor D. Carmona-Galindo, Kenny Morales, Renee Maser, Julius Doyle, Mera Gobrial
Biology Faculty Works
The Coastal Coral Tree (Erythrina caffra Thunb.) produces floral nectar (FN) that serves to attract pollinating insects, but also secretes nectar from extra-floral (EFN) glands that serves to at-tract predatory insects, such as ants. While stu-dies on myrmecophytes (i.e. specialized plants that attract and interact with ants) have primarily focused on interspecific evaluations of EFN chemistry, the Coastal Coral tree offers an op-portunity to contrast intraspecific nectar chemi-stry with differing evolutionary and ecological functions. We hypothesized that the richness of (molecular) sugar species, relative concentra-tions, and diversity of sugars in FN and foliar EFN would diverge due to differences in …
Sub-Canopy Temperature Dynamics Of A Native Tree Plantation From A Lowland Tropical Rainforest In Costa Rica, Victor D. Carmona-Galindo, Traci-Lynn Hirai, Stacie Samuelson, Cherie Hale, Elizabeth Braker
Sub-Canopy Temperature Dynamics Of A Native Tree Plantation From A Lowland Tropical Rainforest In Costa Rica, Victor D. Carmona-Galindo, Traci-Lynn Hirai, Stacie Samuelson, Cherie Hale, Elizabeth Braker
Biology Faculty Works
With urbanization encroaching upon forestlands, characterizing microclimates in secondary forests will be important for the sustainable management of microclimates in agroforestry systems. We used micro-sensors to characterize changes in temperature at different heights in the sub-canopy of both secondary forest and 15-year-old agroforestry plots. Results show that while agroforestry plots had different temperature profiles from the secondary forest, the monoculture plot (consisting of Pentaclethra macroloba) had temperatures similar to the profile found in the secondary forest. This suggests that the replication of temperature profiles in a secondary forest may be independent of the number of tree species in a plot …
Drosophila Hematopoiesis: Markers And Methods For Molecular Genetic Analysis, Cory Evans
Drosophila Hematopoiesis: Markers And Methods For Molecular Genetic Analysis, Cory Evans
Biology Faculty Works
Analyses of the Drosophila hematopoietic system are becoming more and more prevalent as developmental and functional parallels with vertebrate blood cells become more evident. Investigative work on the fly blood system has, out of necessity, led to the identification of new molecular markers for blood cell types and lineages and to the refinement of useful molecular genetic tools and analytical methods. This review briefly describes the Drosophila hematopoietic system at different developmental stages, summarizes the major useful cell markers and tools for each stage, and provides basic protocols for practical analysis of circulating blood cells and of the lymph gland, …
Stage-Dependent Plasticity Of The Anterior Neural Folds To Form Neural Crest, Maxellende Ezin
Stage-Dependent Plasticity Of The Anterior Neural Folds To Form Neural Crest, Maxellende Ezin
Biology Faculty Works
The anterior neural fold (ANF) is the only region of the neural tube that does not produce neural crest cells. Instead, ANF cells contribute to the olfactory and lens placodes, as well as to the forebrain and epidermis. Here, we test the ability of the ANF to form neural crest by performing heterotopic transplantation experiments in the chick embryo. We find that, at the neurula stage (HH stage 7), the chick ANF retains the ability to form migrating neural crest cells when transplanted caudally to rostral hindbrain levels. This ability is gradually lost, such that by HH9, this tissue appears …
Pvr Expression Regulators In Equilibrium Signal Control And Maintenance Of Drosophila Blood Progenitors, Cory Evans
Pvr Expression Regulators In Equilibrium Signal Control And Maintenance Of Drosophila Blood Progenitors, Cory Evans
Biology Faculty Works
Blood progenitors within the lymph gland, a larval organ that supports hematopoiesis in Drosophila melanogaster, are maintained by integrating signals emanating from niche-like cells and those from differentiating blood cells. We term the signal from differentiating cells the ‘equilibrium signal’ in order to distinguish it from the ‘niche signal’. Earlier we showed that equilibrium signaling utilizes Pvr (the Drosophila PDGF/VEGF receptor), STAT92E, and adenosine deaminase-related growth factor A (ADGF-A) (Mondal et al., 2011). Little is known about how this signal initiates during hematopoietic development. To identify new genes involved in lymph gland blood progenitor maintenance, particularly those involved in equilibrium …
La Diversidad De Los Análisis De Diversidad La Diversidad De Los Analisis De Diversidad [The Diversity Of Diversity Analyses], Victor D. Carmona-Galindo, Tizziana V. Carmona
La Diversidad De Los Análisis De Diversidad La Diversidad De Los Analisis De Diversidad [The Diversity Of Diversity Analyses], Victor D. Carmona-Galindo, Tizziana V. Carmona
Biology Faculty Works
There is a lack of consistency with respect to the use of the terms like species richness, diversity and biodiversity, which extends to the analysis of diversity indices and the merit of using diversity indices in the evaluation (comparison and contrast) of biological communities. The purpose of this article is to provide working definitions for these terms and cite examples from the primary literature that demonstrate the utility of estimating richness, evaluating proportional abundance patterns, as well as comparing indices of diversity and similarity to study patterns of biological organization at different ecological scales. Additionally, we provide a manual in …
The Relationship Between Castor Bean Stem Diameter And Extrafloral Nectary Gland Size, Victor D. Carmona, Stephen Line, Kevin Hong
The Relationship Between Castor Bean Stem Diameter And Extrafloral Nectary Gland Size, Victor D. Carmona, Stephen Line, Kevin Hong
Biology Faculty Works
This project sought to characterize plant defense investment in the castor bean (Ricinus communis L.), an exotic myrmecophyte in southern California, with respect to life history strategies. Experimental evidence suggests that exotic myrmecophytes can form mutually beneficial associations with exotic ants regardless of the differences in shared evolutionary histories. Castor bean plant investment in defense was evaluated by measuring the area on extra-floral nectary (EFN) glands. Life history strategies may change with respect to plant size and was therefore evaluated in terms of basal stem diameter (
An Examination Of Opuntia Littoralis Fruit Volume, Sugar Concentration, Number Of Seeds And Average Seed Mass In Relation To Fitness, Victor D. Carmona, Kathleen Foster, Carolyne Hoey
An Examination Of Opuntia Littoralis Fruit Volume, Sugar Concentration, Number Of Seeds And Average Seed Mass In Relation To Fitness, Victor D. Carmona, Kathleen Foster, Carolyne Hoey
Biology Faculty Works
Organisms cannot maximize all life functions and therefore must allocate resources to maximize reproductive fitness such that they produce the highest number of surviving offspring. The object of the experiment was to evaluate variation of fruit morphology to determine how Opuntia littoralis optimizes reproductive investment. The experiment focused on fruit volume, sugar concentration, number of seeds and average seed mass on two different aspects (polar-facing and equatorial-facing slopes) in Temescal Canyon Gateway Park, Pacific Palisades, California. The results revealed fruit volume was positively correlated with number of seeds, sugar concentration was positively correlated with number of seeds, and average seed …
Relationship Between Elaiosome And Efn Gland Size In Castor Bean (Ricinus Communis L.), An Exotic Mymercophyte In Southern California, Victor D. Carmona, Andrew Henslin, Lisa Liceaga
Relationship Between Elaiosome And Efn Gland Size In Castor Bean (Ricinus Communis L.), An Exotic Mymercophyte In Southern California, Victor D. Carmona, Andrew Henslin, Lisa Liceaga
Biology Faculty Works
Castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) relies on seed dispersal by attracting ants with elaiosomes; lipid rich seed appendages, which serve as a source of food for ant larvae. Additionally, castor bean petioles and inflorescences have extra floral nectary (EFN) glands that secrete sugars that also attract ants, which in return, defend against herbivores. We propose that in order to attract ants, castor bean would have to balance allocation of energy toward plant defense and seed dispersal per the Principle of Allocation. Specifically, we hypothesized that in castor bean, an increase in elaiosome size would correspond to result in …
Assessing The Impact Of Invasive Species Management Strategies On The Population Dynamics Of Castor Bean (Ricinus Communis L., Euphorbiaceae) At Two Southern California Coastal Habitats, Victor D. Carmona, Daryle Hinton-Hardin, Jodi Kagihara, Mary Rose T. Pascua
Assessing The Impact Of Invasive Species Management Strategies On The Population Dynamics Of Castor Bean (Ricinus Communis L., Euphorbiaceae) At Two Southern California Coastal Habitats, Victor D. Carmona, Daryle Hinton-Hardin, Jodi Kagihara, Mary Rose T. Pascua
Biology Faculty Works
No abstract provided.