Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
- Publication Year
- Publication
- Publication Type
Articles 1 - 30 of 45
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Nelsonioideae (Lamiales: Acanthaceae): Revision Of Genera And Catalog Of Species, Thomas F. Daniel, Lucinda A. Mcdade
Nelsonioideae (Lamiales: Acanthaceae): Revision Of Genera And Catalog Of Species, Thomas F. Daniel, Lucinda A. Mcdade
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
A taxonomic account of Acanthaceae subfamily Nelsonioideae based on morphological and phylogenetic data treats five genera with 172 species: Anisosepalum (3), Elytraria (21), Nelsonia (2), Saintpauliopsis (1), and Staurogyne (145). Two other currently recognized genera, Gynocraterium and Ophiorrhiziphyllon, are included within Staurogyne, and the new combinations, Staurogyne guianensis and S. macrobotrya, are proposed. Probable apomorphic and other diagnostic macro- and micromorphological characters are discussed relative to the subfamily and genera. Characters of the inflorescence, androecium (especially pollen), and seed show important phylogenetic and diagnostic signal. A key to genera, generic descriptions and discussions, illustrations, and distribution maps …
A New Species Of Ovabunda (Octocorallia, Xeniidae) From The Andaman Sea, Thailand With Notes On The Biogeography Of This Genus, Catherine S. Mcfadden, Michael P. Janes, Thanongsak Chanmethakul
A New Species Of Ovabunda (Octocorallia, Xeniidae) From The Andaman Sea, Thailand With Notes On The Biogeography Of This Genus, Catherine S. Mcfadden, Michael P. Janes, Thanongsak Chanmethakul
All HMC Faculty Publications and Research
A survey of xeniid octocorals was carried out in the waters off Southwestern Thailand in September, 2007. Microscopic investigation of the colonies revealed that three specimens belonged to the genus Ovabunda. Gross morphological examination is presented here accompanied by scanning electron micrographs of the sclerites. Molecular phylogenetic analysis showed identical genotypes at mtMutS, COI, and 28S rDNA for all three specimens and supports their generic assignment. Colony size and shape, sclerite size, and pinnule arrangement differ from nominal species of Ovabunda and thus a new species, O. andamanensis is introduced here. This work also presents a new …
Effects Of Phylogeny On Structural Correlations Of Vertebrate Eyes, Amanda Yl Jacobs
Effects Of Phylogeny On Structural Correlations Of Vertebrate Eyes, Amanda Yl Jacobs
Scripps Senior Theses
Common ancestry prevents scientists from using traditional statistical tests in dimensional comparisons that span entire clades. Data in these cases are non-independent, so a variety of special statistical methods have been developed specifically for phylogenetic comparative analyses. A phylogenetic least squares method was used to re-examine four published datasets detailing structural correlates of eyes while factoring in the different ways the phylogeny was expected to affect the covariance in trait values. All analyses were carried out in a strict phylogenetic context, using published time-calibrated phylogenies and the statistical platform R. Specifically, Pagel’s lambda was used to determine how much of …
Trait Evolution In Anseriformes: Is Evolution Of Body Mass, Diet, Locomotory Behavior, And Diel Activity Pattern Correlated?, Zoe M. Kao
Scripps Senior Theses
The morphologies and behaviors of animals evolve and diversify, filling ecological niches in their environments. In this study I examine how a morphological trait, body mass, and three ecological traits, namely diel activity patterns, diving/non-diving locomotion, and diet, evolve in the Anseriformes (waterfowl). Through ancestral state reconstructions using a maximum likelihood approach the evolution of these traits was compared to see if any patterns of trait coevolution emerged. Body mass was compared to each ecological trait using a phylogenetic ANOVA to test if there were body size differences between ecological groups. The pattern of male and female body mass evolution …
Sinularia Leptoclados (Ehrenberg, 1834) (Cnidaria: Octocorallia) Re-Examined, Catherine S. Mcfadden, Leen P. Van Ofwegen, Yehuda Benayahu
Sinularia Leptoclados (Ehrenberg, 1834) (Cnidaria: Octocorallia) Re-Examined, Catherine S. Mcfadden, Leen P. Van Ofwegen, Yehuda Benayahu
All HMC Faculty Publications and Research
Sinularia leptoclados (Ehrenberg, 1834) is re-described. Sinularia leptoclados var. gonatodes Kolonko, 1926 is synonymized with S. maxima Verseveldt, 1977. Two new species of Sinularia with digitiform lobules, leptoclados-type surface clubs and unbranched interior spindles, are described. An updated maximum likelihood tree of Sinularia species with leptoclados-type clubs (clade 5C) based on two mitochondrial genes (mtMutS, COI) and a nuclear gene (28S rDNA) is presented.
The Challenge Of A Siberian Bluegrass (Poa) Phylogeny, Marina V. Olonova
The Challenge Of A Siberian Bluegrass (Poa) Phylogeny, Marina V. Olonova
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
In Siberia, the bluegrass genus (Poa) comprises 43 species and 61 subspecies in 12 sections. Diverse modes of speciation, including polyploidy and hybridization, have led to reticulate evolution and adaptive radiation. Cladistic methods that ignore hybridization and reticulate evolution may not be appropriate for morphological data. The number of morphological characters suitable for bluegrass analysis is limited, a majority does not have clear adaptive significance, and the character states cannot be readily polarized, rendering phylogenetic reconstruction very difficult in this group. Other methods of estimating phylogenetic relationships should be used to test hypotheses about relationships and hybridization. Biochemical …
Descriptive Anatomy And Evolutionary Patterns Of Anatomical Diversification In Adenia (Passifloraceae), David J. Hearn
Descriptive Anatomy And Evolutionary Patterns Of Anatomical Diversification In Adenia (Passifloraceae), David J. Hearn
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
To understand evolutionary patterns and processes that account for anatomical diversity in relation to ecology and life form diversity, anatomy of storage roots and stems of the genus Adenia (Passifloraceae) were analyzed using an explicit phylogenetic context. Over 65,000 measurements are reported for 47 quantitative and qualitative traits from 58 species in the genus. Vestiges of lianous ancestry were apparent throughout the group, as treelets and lianous taxa alike share relatively short, often wide, vessel elements with simple, transverse perforation plates, and alternate lateral wall pitting; fibriform vessel elements, tracheids associated with vessels, and libriform fibers as additional tracheary elements; …
Systematics Of Bromelioideae (Bromeliaceae)—Evidence From Molecular And Anatomical Studies, Ralf Horres, Katharina Schulte, Kurt Weising, Georg Zizka
Systematics Of Bromelioideae (Bromeliaceae)—Evidence From Molecular And Anatomical Studies, Ralf Horres, Katharina Schulte, Kurt Weising, Georg Zizka
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
A reconstruction of the phylogeny of Bromeliaceae based on sequence data from three noncoding chloroplast DNA markers (trnL intron, trnT–trnL, and trnT–trnF intergenic spacer [IGS]) is presented, including 26 genera and 33 species. Relationships of Bromelioideae and phylogeny within this subfamily were analyzed in more detail on the basis of two of these markers (trnL intron and trnL–trnF IGS) using a set of 37 genera/74 species of Bromeliaceae, including 28 genera/60 species of Bromelioideae. Sister group relationships of Bromelioideae were not resolved with sufficient reliability, but the …
Phylogeny Of Cyperaceae Based On Dna Sequence Data–A New Rbcl Analysis, David A. Simpson, A. Muthama Muasya, Marccus V. Alves, Jeremy J. Bruhl, Sandra Dhooge, Mark W. Chase, Carol A. Furness, Kioumars Ghamkhar, Paul Goetghebeur, Trevor R. Hodkinson, Adam D. Marchant, Anton A. Reznicek, Roland Nieuwborg, Eric H. Roalson, Erik Smets, Julian R. Starr, William W. Thomas, Karen L. Wilson, Xiufu Zhang
Phylogeny Of Cyperaceae Based On Dna Sequence Data–A New Rbcl Analysis, David A. Simpson, A. Muthama Muasya, Marccus V. Alves, Jeremy J. Bruhl, Sandra Dhooge, Mark W. Chase, Carol A. Furness, Kioumars Ghamkhar, Paul Goetghebeur, Trevor R. Hodkinson, Adam D. Marchant, Anton A. Reznicek, Roland Nieuwborg, Eric H. Roalson, Erik Smets, Julian R. Starr, William W. Thomas, Karen L. Wilson, Xiufu Zhang
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Since the Monocots II meeting in 1998, significant new data have been published that enhance our systematic knowledge of Cyperaceae. Phylogenetic studies in the family have also progressed steadily. For this study, a parsimony analysis was carried out using all rbcL sequences currently available for Cyperaceae, including data for two new genera. One of the four subfamilies (Caricoideae) and seven of the 14 tribes (Bisboeckelereae, Cariceae, Cryptangieae, Dulichieae, Eleocharideae, Sclerieae, Trilepideae) are monophyletic. Subfamily Mapanioideae and tribe Chrysitricheae are monophyletic if, as the evidence suggests, Hellmuthia is considered a member of Cypereae. Some other features of our analysis include: …
Phylogeny Of Abildgaardieae (Cyperaceae) Inferred From Its And Trnl–F Data, Kioumars Ghamkhar, Adam D. Marchant, Karen L. Wilson, Jeremy J. Bruhl
Phylogeny Of Abildgaardieae (Cyperaceae) Inferred From Its And Trnl–F Data, Kioumars Ghamkhar, Adam D. Marchant, Karen L. Wilson, Jeremy J. Bruhl
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Within the tribe Abildgaardieae, the relationships between Fimbristylis and its relatives have not been certain, and the limits of Fimbristylis have been unclear, with Bulbostylis and Abildgaardia variously combined with it and each other. The relationships and limits of tribes Abildgaardieae and Arthrostylideae and their genera were evaluated across 49 representative species using parsimony and maximum likelihood analyses of ITS (nuclear ribosomal) and trnL–F (plastid) DNA sequence data separately and combined. The evolutionary reconstructions derived from sequences of cpDNA and nrDNA disagree about the position of tribe Arthrostylideae relative to Abildgaardieae; Arthrostylis and Actinoschoenus are either nested within Abildgaardieae …
Phylogenetic Relationships In Tribe Cariceae (Cyperaceae) Based On Nested Analyses Of Four Molecular Data Sets, Marcia J. Waterway, Julian R. Starr
Phylogenetic Relationships In Tribe Cariceae (Cyperaceae) Based On Nested Analyses Of Four Molecular Data Sets, Marcia J. Waterway, Julian R. Starr
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Phylogenetic reconstruction for Carex and relatives in tribe Cariceae is complicated by species richness and nearly cosmopolitan distribution. In this investigation, our main objective was to estimate evolutionary relationships in tribe Cariceae using DNA sequence data from two spacer regions in nuclear ribosomal genes (ITS and ETS-1f) combined with noncoding chloroplast DNA (trnL intron, trnL–trnF intergenic spacer, and trnE–trnD intergenic spacers). Parsimony analyses of separate and combined data and Bayesian analysis of the combined data matrix revealed strong support for monophyly of tribe Cariceae and for monophyly of two major lineages, one …
Phylogeny Of The Grasses (Poaceae) Revisited, Melvin R. Duvall, Jerrold I Davis, Lynn G. Clark, Jeffrey D. Noll, Douglas H. Goldman, J. Gabriel Sánchez-Ken
Phylogeny Of The Grasses (Poaceae) Revisited, Melvin R. Duvall, Jerrold I Davis, Lynn G. Clark, Jeffrey D. Noll, Douglas H. Goldman, J. Gabriel Sánchez-Ken
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
The most robust previously published phylogeny for the overall structure of the grass family (Poaceae) shows three early diverging lineages and two major derived clades, the BEP clade and the PACCAD clade (Grass Phylogeny Working Group 2001). A few key taxa were incompletely sampled, however, and support for the BEP clade was moderate at best and relationships among the major lineages within the PACCAD clade remained unresolved. In addition, recent studies indicated that the sister group to Poaceae may be Joinvilleaceae and/or Ecdeiocoleaceae, the latter of which were not previously sampled. In this study, missing structural data were determined and …
Phylogeny Of Triticeae (Poaceae) Based On Three Organelle Genes, Two Single-Copy Nuclear Genes, And Morphology, Ole Seberg, Gitte Petersen
Phylogeny Of Triticeae (Poaceae) Based On Three Organelle Genes, Two Single-Copy Nuclear Genes, And Morphology, Ole Seberg, Gitte Petersen
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Triticeae are renowned for their complicated taxonomy, but their phylogeny is equally intricate and perplexing, and remains largely unresolved. Based on morphology and nucleotide sequences from two plastid genes (rbcL, rpoA), one mitochondrial gene (coxII), and two single-copy nuclear genes (DMC1, EF-G), the most comprehensive hypothesis (both with respect to taxa and data points) of the phylogeny of diploid Triticeae to date is presented. The incongruence length difference tests clearly indicate that the four logical data partitions (morphology and the three genome compartments) are mutually incongruent, except the mitochondrial and nuclear sequences. …
Phylogenetics Of Andropogoneae (Poaceae: Panicoideae) Based On Nuclear Ribosomal Internal Transcribed Spacer And Chloroplast Trnl–F Sequences, Elizabeth M. Skendzic, J. Travis Columbus, Rosa Cerros-Tlatilpa
Phylogenetics Of Andropogoneae (Poaceae: Panicoideae) Based On Nuclear Ribosomal Internal Transcribed Spacer And Chloroplast Trnl–F Sequences, Elizabeth M. Skendzic, J. Travis Columbus, Rosa Cerros-Tlatilpa
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Phylogenetic relationships among 85 species representing 35 genera in the grass tribe Andropogoneae were estimated from maximum parsimony and Bayesian analyses of nuclear ITS and chloroplast trnL–F DNA sequences. Ten of the 11 subtribes recognized by Clayton and Renvoize (1986) were sampled. Independent analyses of ITS and trnL–F yielded mostly congruent, though not well resolved, topologies. Arundinella is sister to Andropogoneae in the trnL–F phylogeny and is nested within the tribe in the ITS and combined data trees. Tristachya is sister to Andropogoneae + Arundinella in the ITS phylogeny. Four clades are common to the ITS and …
Phylogenetic Relationships Of The Decumbentes Group Of Paspalum, Thrasya, And Thrasyopsis (Poaceae: Panicoideae: Paniceae), Silvia S. Denham, Fernando O. Zuloaga
Phylogenetic Relationships Of The Decumbentes Group Of Paspalum, Thrasya, And Thrasyopsis (Poaceae: Panicoideae: Paniceae), Silvia S. Denham, Fernando O. Zuloaga
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Paspalum (Poaceae: Panicoideae: Paniceae) includes 330 species distributed mainly in tropical and subtropical regions of America. Due to the large number of species and convergence in many characters, an adequate infrageneric classification is still needed. Studies on Paniceae based on molecular and morphological data have suggested that Paspalum is paraphyletic, including the genus Thrasya, but none of these analyses have included a representative sample of these two genera. In this study, phylogenetic relationships among the informal group Decumbentes of Paspalum, plus subgenera and other informal groups, and the genera Thrasya and Thrasyopsis were estimated. A cladistic analysis under …
Phylogenetics Of Chloridoideae (Gramineae): A Preliminary Study Based On Nuclear Ribosomal Internal Transcribed Spacer And Chloroplast Trnl–F Sequences, J. Travis Columbus, Rosa Cerros-Tlatilpa, Michael S. Kinney, Maria Elena Siqueiros-Delgado, Hester L. Bell, M. Patrick Griffith, Nancy F. Refulio-Rodriguez
Phylogenetics Of Chloridoideae (Gramineae): A Preliminary Study Based On Nuclear Ribosomal Internal Transcribed Spacer And Chloroplast Trnl–F Sequences, J. Travis Columbus, Rosa Cerros-Tlatilpa, Michael S. Kinney, Maria Elena Siqueiros-Delgado, Hester L. Bell, M. Patrick Griffith, Nancy F. Refulio-Rodriguez
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
The phylogeny of Chloridoideae (Gramineae) was inferred from parsimony analyses of DNA sequences from two genomes—the chloroplast trnL intron, trnL 3' exon, and trnL–F intergenic spacer, and the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1 + 5.8S + ITS2). Eighty species representing 66 chloridoid genera were sampled, including all but four of the native New World genera. Analyses of the individual and combined data sets were performed. The phylogenies were found to be highly congruent. Of the four tribes and seven subtribes of Chloridoideae sensu Clayton and Renvoize (1986) whose phylogenetic status could be tested with our …
Phylogenetic Relationships Among The One-Flowered, Determinate Genera Of Bambuseae (Poaceae: Bambusoideae), Lynn G. Clark, Soejatmi Dransfield, Jimmy Triplett, J. Gabriel Sánchez-Ken
Phylogenetic Relationships Among The One-Flowered, Determinate Genera Of Bambuseae (Poaceae: Bambusoideae), Lynn G. Clark, Soejatmi Dransfield, Jimmy Triplett, J. Gabriel Sánchez-Ken
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Bambuseae (woody bamboos), one of two tribes recognized within Bambusoideae (true bamboos), comprise over 90% of the diversity of the subfamily, yet monophyly of the tribe is generally only moderately supported, and phylogenetic relationships within the tribe are poorly understood. In addition, there appears to be some level of conflict between morphological and molecular data within the tribe. We conducted a parsimony analysis of 43 species of Bambuseae, three of Olyreae (herbaceous bamboos), and two outgroup taxa using morphological and plastid rpl16 intron sequence data to (1) further test the monophyly of Bambuseae, (2) test the monophyly of Chusqueinae …
Phylogeny And Biogeography Of Endemic Festuca (Poaceae) From New Zealand Based On Nuclear (Its) And Chloroplast (Trnl–Trnf) Nucleotide Sequences, Kelvin M. Lloyd, Angela M. Hunter, David A. Orlovich, Suzanne J. Draffin, Alan V. Stewart, William G. Lee
Phylogeny And Biogeography Of Endemic Festuca (Poaceae) From New Zealand Based On Nuclear (Its) And Chloroplast (Trnl–Trnf) Nucleotide Sequences, Kelvin M. Lloyd, Angela M. Hunter, David A. Orlovich, Suzanne J. Draffin, Alan V. Stewart, William G. Lee
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
We investigated the phylogenetic relationships of the endemic New Zealand (NZ) species of Festuca (Poaceae, Pooideae) by assessing sequence variation from the nuclear internal transcribed spacers (ITS) and a chloroplast intergenic spacer (trnL–trnF) and by measuring DNA content using flow cytometry. The ITS and trnL–trnF data sets were congruent in showing that the NZ species of Festuca have two origins. One group, containing F. coxii, F. luciarum, F. multinodis, and F. ultramafica, is closely related to Festuca sect. Aulaxyper. The other group includes a clade of five endemic …
A Comparison And Combination Of Plastid Atpb And Rbcl Gene Sequences For Inferring Phylogenetic Relationships Within Orchidaceae, Kenneth M. Cameron
A Comparison And Combination Of Plastid Atpb And Rbcl Gene Sequences For Inferring Phylogenetic Relationships Within Orchidaceae, Kenneth M. Cameron
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Parsimony analyses of DNA sequences from the plastid genes atpB and rbcL were completed for 173 species of Orchidaceae (representing 150 different genera) and nine genera from outgroup families in Asparagales. The atpB tree topology is similar to the rbcL tree, although the atpB data contain less homoplasy and provide greater jackknife support than rbcL alone. In combination, the two-gene tree recovers five monophyletic clades corresponding to subfamilies within Orchidaceae, and fully resolves them with moderate to high jackknife support as follows: Epidendroideae are sister to Orchidoideae, followed by Cypripedioideae, then Vanilloideae, and with …
Phylogenetic Analyses And Biogeography Of Trilliaceae, Susan B. Farmer
Phylogenetic Analyses And Biogeography Of Trilliaceae, Susan B. Farmer
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Trilliaceae are plants of North Temperate forests with a holarctic distribution and a high degree of endemism. Molecular phylogenetic analyses are presented in order to examine the tribal, generic, and species-level classification of the family. These molecular studies, and earlier morphological studies, support the placement of the genus Pseudotrillium as basal in the family and sister to the tribes Trillieae and Parideae, which are monophyletic sister groups. Trillidium (Trillium) govanianum provides an unresolved problem: morphologically it is included within Parideae, but molecular data place it within Trillium as sister to T. undulatum. Within tribe Trillieae, clades are …
Mitochondrial Data In Monocot Phylologenetics, Gitte Peterson, Ole Seberg, Jerrold I. Davis, Douglas H. Goldman, Dennis W. Stevenson, Lisa M. Campbell, Fabian A. Michaelangeli, Chelsea D. Specht, Mark W. Chase, Michael E. Fay, J. Chris Pires, John V. Freudenstein, Christopher R. Hardy, Mark P. Simmons
Mitochondrial Data In Monocot Phylologenetics, Gitte Peterson, Ole Seberg, Jerrold I. Davis, Douglas H. Goldman, Dennis W. Stevenson, Lisa M. Campbell, Fabian A. Michaelangeli, Chelsea D. Specht, Mark W. Chase, Michael E. Fay, J. Chris Pires, John V. Freudenstein, Christopher R. Hardy, Mark P. Simmons
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Mitochondrial sequences are an important source of data in animal phylogenetics, equivalent in importance to plastid sequences in plants. However, in recent years plant systematists have begun exploring the mitochondrial genome as a source of phylogenetically useful characters. The plant mitochondrial genome is renowned for its variability in size, structure, and gene organization, but this need not be of concern for the application of sequence data in phylogenetics. However, the incorporation of reverse transcribed mitochondrial genes ("processed paralogs") and the recurring transfer of genes from the mitochondrion to the nucleus are evolutionary events that must be taken into account. RNA …
Fleshy Fruits In Liliflorous Monocots, Finn N. Rasmussen, Signe Frederikson, Bo Johansen, Lise Bolt Jørgenson, Gitte Peterson
Fleshy Fruits In Liliflorous Monocots, Finn N. Rasmussen, Signe Frederikson, Bo Johansen, Lise Bolt Jørgenson, Gitte Peterson
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Fleshy fruits occur in several monocot orders and families, and it is generally assumed that they have been derived from capsular fruits many times during the evolution of monocot lineages. Huber hypothesized in 1969 that most capsules in Asparagales are derived secondarily from berries and that this transformation was correlated with the evolution of phytomelan-coated seeds, a pivotal character in his circumscription of Asparagales as part of reclassifying Liliaceae s.l. Dahlgren and co-workers suggested several parallel derivations and "reversals" in this character, e.g., the transformation sequence trifollicular fruits → capsules → berries→ capsules→ berries. Mapping of fleshy fruits on a …
Speciation In Duckweeds (Lemnaceae): Phylogenetic And Ecological Inferences, Daniel J. Crawford, Elias Landolt, Donald H. Les, Rebecca T. Kimball
Speciation In Duckweeds (Lemnaceae): Phylogenetic And Ecological Inferences, Daniel J. Crawford, Elias Landolt, Donald H. Les, Rebecca T. Kimball
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Species of duckweeds (Letnnaceae) that were resolved as sister taxa in a phylogeny based on combined molecular and non-molecular data were compared for morphological, physiological, and ecological attributes to infer factors important in the initial divergence leading to speciation. The ability to survive extreme conditions such as desiccation and cold temperatures is the most common difference identified between species. Two morphological characters facilitating survival in extreme environments are production of special resting buds called turions and increased seed production. The prevalent geographic pattern for species pairs consists of one restricted species occurring on the periphery of a more widespread taxon; …
A Phylogenetic Study Of Arecaceae Based On Seedling Morphological And Anatomical Data, Flor M. Henderson, Dennis W. Stevenson
A Phylogenetic Study Of Arecaceae Based On Seedling Morphological And Anatomical Data, Flor M. Henderson, Dennis W. Stevenson
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
A morphological and anatomical survey was carried out of seedlings of 62 taxa of palms representing all major groups. The data were analyzed using cladistic parsimony analysis. Seedling data were analyzed independently and combined with adult morphological data. Outgroup selection was made within the family using the calamoids and Nypa fruticans; outside the family, the monocot family Dasypogonaceae were used. The analysis with the calamoids and Nypa fruticans as outgroups resolved some of the major groups. The combined analysis, using both seedling and adult data and Dasypogonaceae as the outgroup, provided better resolution. Most of the major groups were …
Phylogeny Of Agavaceae Based On Ndhf, Rbcl, And Its Sequences, David J. Bogler, J. Chris Pires, Javier Francisco-Ortega
Phylogeny Of Agavaceae Based On Ndhf, Rbcl, And Its Sequences, David J. Bogler, J. Chris Pires, Javier Francisco-Ortega
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Great advances have been made in our understanding of the phylogeny and classification of Agavaceae in the last 20 years. In older systems Agavaceae were paraphyletic due to overemphasis of ovary position or habit. Discovery of a unique bimodal karyotype in Agave and Yucca eventually led to a reexamination of concepts and relationships in all the lilioid monocots, which continues to the present day. Developments in cytogenetics, microscopy, phylogenetic systematics, and most recently DNA technology have led to remarkable new insights. Large-scale rbcL sequence studies placed Agavaceae with the core Asparagales and identified closely related taxa. Analysis of cpDNA …
The Never-Ending Story: Multigene Approaches To The Phylogeny Of Amaryllidaceae, Alan W. Meerow, Deirdre A. Snuman
The Never-Ending Story: Multigene Approaches To The Phylogeny Of Amaryllidaceae, Alan W. Meerow, Deirdre A. Snuman
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
a whole, strongly supported the mostly African tribe Amaryllideae as sister to the rest of the family, and resolved geographically-based monophyletic groups, but failed to resolve the relationships among several basal lineages in the family (the African Haemantheae and Cyrtantheae, the Australasian Calostemmateae, and the American and Eurasian sister clades). We present analysis of plastid ndhF sequences that fully resolved the major clades of the family. The baccate-fruited Haemantheae and Calostemmateae are sister tribes, and the African endemic Cyrtantheae is sister to them both. This clade is sister to an American/Eurasian clade. We also present preliminary nuclear ribosomal ITS …
Phylogeny Of Iridaceae Subfamily Crocoideae Based On A Combined Multigene Plastid Dna Analysis, Peter Goldblatt, T. Jonathan Davies, John C. Manning, Michelle Van Der Bank, Vincent Savolainen
Phylogeny Of Iridaceae Subfamily Crocoideae Based On A Combined Multigene Plastid Dna Analysis, Peter Goldblatt, T. Jonathan Davies, John C. Manning, Michelle Van Der Bank, Vincent Savolainen
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
The phylogeny of Crocoideae, the largest of four subfamilies currently recognized in Tridaceae, has eluded resolution until sequences of two more plastid DNA regions were added here to a previously published matrix containing sequences from four DNA plastid regions. Sister to the core Nivenioideae, the woody Klattia, Nivenia, and Witsenia, Crocoideae are a climax group in lridaceae, comprising some 995 species, slightly more than half of the total in the family. Synapomorphies of Crocoideae include pollen exine perforate, pollen aperture operculate, ovule campylotropous (or hypotropous), root xylem vessels with simple perforations, cormous rootstock, inflorescence a spike, and plants deciduous. The …
Patterns In Evolution In Characters That Define Iris Subgenera And Sections, Carol A. Wilson
Patterns In Evolution In Characters That Define Iris Subgenera And Sections, Carol A. Wilson
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Subgeneric groups have been circumscribed in Iris based on a small number of morphological characters. Recent DNA sequence data has indicated that several of the subgenera, sections, and series that have previously been delineated are paraphyletic or polyphyletic. The evolution of characters that have traditionally been used to distinguish sub generic and sectional groups within Iris was investigated by mapping these characters on a phylogenetic tree based on matK sequence data. Results indicate that rhizomes are pleisomorphic for the genus and that three bulb types have arisen independently. My analysis shows that sepal beards, sepal crests, and seed arils …
The Role Of Phylogenetic Constraints In The Evolution Of Pollination Mechanisms In Iridaceae Of Sub-Saharan Africa, Peter Bernhardt, Peter Goldblatt
The Role Of Phylogenetic Constraints In The Evolution Of Pollination Mechanisms In Iridaceae Of Sub-Saharan Africa, Peter Bernhardt, Peter Goldblatt
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Novel, specialized systems exploiting bibionid flies, oil-collecting bees, wasps, or crepuscular settling moths as pollen vectors are added to the range of recorded pollination mechanisms in sub-Saharan Africa Iridaceae, while knowledge of the pollination of previously understudied genera such as Aristea, Bahiana, Ferraria, Hesperantha, and Tritoniopsis is expanded. The pollination of 357 species of the sub-Saharan African Iridaceae now includes 17 discrete systems. Based on repetitive interlinked suites of floral attractants and rewards we now infer pollination mechanisms for an additional 883 species. Many pollination systems recur in genera containing > 10 species. The ancestral pollination in African Iridaceae, and …
Phlogeny And Biogeography Of The Prayer Plant Family, Linda M. Prince, W. John Kress
Phlogeny And Biogeography Of The Prayer Plant Family, Linda M. Prince, W. John Kress
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Marantaceae are the second largest family in the order Zingiberales, with approximately 31 genera and 535 species. Earlier studies based on morphological and molecular characters could not confidently determine the relationships among major lineages of the family, nor could they identify the basal branch of the family tree. Phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequence data from all three genomic compartments (chloroplast: matK, ndhF, rbcL, rps16 intron, and trnL-trnF intergenic spacer; mitochondrion: cox1; nucleus: ITS region and the 5'-end of 26S) for a restricted set of taxa were conducted under parsimony criteria to define …