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Articles 1 - 27 of 27
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Photosynthetic Fractionation Of Oxygen Isotopes, A Study With Elodea Canadensis, Glen E. Martin
Photosynthetic Fractionation Of Oxygen Isotopes, A Study With Elodea Canadensis, Glen E. Martin
Theses and Dissertations
Bubbles of oxygen from Elodea canadensis were collected and found 5 per mil enriched in 0-18. This confirms the results of both Dole and Vinogradov, who found 0-18 enrichment of photosynthetic oxygen relative to its source, i.e. water. Photosynthesis and respiration appear to have produced the Dole effect, i.e. the 22 per mil 0-18 enrichment of atmospheric oxygen relative to ocean water, its probable source. These results are contrary to findings for both UV photolysis and electrolysis of water both evolving oxygen found depleted in 0-18.
Feeding Biology And Ecological Aspects Of A Cancroid Crab Cancer Oregonensis (Dana) Rathbun (Decapoda, Brachyura), Gary L. Child
Feeding Biology And Ecological Aspects Of A Cancroid Crab Cancer Oregonensis (Dana) Rathbun (Decapoda, Brachyura), Gary L. Child
Theses and Dissertations
In the San Juan Archipelago, cancer oregonensis (Dana) Rathbun (Fig. 1) is abundant and distributed from the low intertidal zone to -435 m subtidally (Rathbun, 1904). Ricketts and Calvin (1974) refer to c. oregonensis as the most common Cancer species in this area.
Leaf Litter Processing In Aquatic Systems Two Variable Model, Boyd Jay Hanson
Leaf Litter Processing In Aquatic Systems Two Variable Model, Boyd Jay Hanson
Theses and Dissertations
The adequacy of the negative exponential model with one independent variable, days or accumulated time, as a descriptive equation for aquatic leaf litter processing was examined. The effect of adding a second independent variable, degree days or accumulated temperature, to the model was also examined. The two variable negative exponential model was shown to have at least two advantages over the single variable model. The two variable model adequately fits litter processing data for more cases than the single variable model. The expanded model also allows determination of rate coefficients for various temperature levels of the experiment rather than assuming …
Algal Response To A Thermal Effluent : Study Of A Power Station On The Provo River, Utah, Usa, Lorin E. Squires
Algal Response To A Thermal Effluent : Study Of A Power Station On The Provo River, Utah, Usa, Lorin E. Squires
Theses and Dissertations
The effect of a thermal effluent on the attached algae of the Provo River, Utah, USA, was studied from 1975 to 1977. Data for macroscopic and microscopic algae were collected and analyzed. Diatoms, Cladophora glomerata, and Hydrurus foetidus dominated the flora. The thermal effluent significantly affected the algal flora in a section of river 100 to 135 meters long immediately below the discharge point. Cladophora growth was increased and Hydrurus was absent in this area. In addition, diatom production was often higher and diversity lower than in the rest of the river. Community structure was unique from all other adjacent …
Bionomics Of A Subterranean Gall Midge (Diptera : Cecidomyiidae) From Artemisia Ludoviciana, Ranasinghe
Bionomics Of A Subterranean Gall Midge (Diptera : Cecidomyiidae) From Artemisia Ludoviciana, Ranasinghe
Theses and Dissertations
Bionomics of a gall midge that emerged from nodulelike structures of herbaceous sage, Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt., was studied as a part of a larger investigation on possible nitrogen fixation by this plant. Infested plants collected from the field were regularly examined in the laboratory where some of them were grown in a liquid nutrient medium. In the laboratory, adult midges were reared from the pupae and induction of infestation was attempted. Apparent nodulation on these plants is caused by the subterranean bud galls of a previously unknown gall midge species, Rhopalomyia subhumilis Gagne. The life history of this midge is …
The Sage Creek Mountain Local Fauna Of The Bridger Formation Near Lonetree, Wyoming, Steven W. Barker
The Sage Creek Mountain Local Fauna Of The Bridger Formation Near Lonetree, Wyoming, Steven W. Barker
Theses and Dissertations
The Bridger Formation in the Green River Basin has been divided into two members, the lower Black's Fork member and the upper Twin Buttes member. 'Ihe Black's Fork member is composed of' biostratigraphlc zones A and Band the Twin Buttes member is com-posed of biostratigraphic zones C, D and E. Recent workers have found that zones A and B contain the same fauna and therefore represent just one biostratigraphic zone (McGrew 1971, Robinson 1970). Future studies of the biostratigraphic zones of the Twin Buttes member are necessary to determine if the C, D and E zones are valid. Some are …
Ethionine-Resistant Mutants Of The Filamentous Blue-Green Alga Plectonema Boryanum /|Cby Wayne M. Hentsche, Wayne M. Hentschel
Ethionine-Resistant Mutants Of The Filamentous Blue-Green Alga Plectonema Boryanum /|Cby Wayne M. Hentsche, Wayne M. Hentschel
Theses and Dissertations
Ethionine-resistant mutans of Plectonema boryanum have been isolated and partially characterized. The mutant strains exhibit at least 100-fold increase in resistance to L-ethionine. The nature of the change which confers ethionine resistance is not known, but appears to result from the inability of the resistant strains to incorporate ethionine into acid-precipitable material. Initially, ethionine has no effect on the growth rate of the wild-type or the resistant strains, but several hours of exposure to the analog at a concentration greater than 0.5 μg/ml causes a marked inhibition of growth and bleaching in the wild-type cells. The onset of bleaching precedes …
The Plant Communities Of Arches National Park, John Stevens Allan
The Plant Communities Of Arches National Park, John Stevens Allan
Theses and Dissertations
Arches National Park, located in southeastern Utah, lies in a transition zone between the southwestern hot desert and the western cold desert, but it is floristically most similar to the hot desert. The major plant communities are as follows: Juniper-pinyon, blackbrush, grasslands and sand dune association. Other community types occur but occupy very limited areas. All of the communities studied have a high degree of uniqueness and merit recognition as separate entities. Blackbrush showed the greatest overall similarity to other communities and was most similar to the sand dune communities. The hanging gardens were the most distinctive and covered the …
Plant Dioecy, Ecology, Evolution And Sex Reversal, D. Carl Freeman
Plant Dioecy, Ecology, Evolution And Sex Reversal, D. Carl Freeman
Theses and Dissertations
The distribution of dioecious species among forty-four plant communities of western United States was examined. The dioecious habit is most prevalent in harsh environments. In many communities, over 20 percent of the species and 40 percent of the individuals are dioecious. Dioecy is most common among woody species which are pollinated by wind. It is concluded that inbreeding depression alone is insufficient to account for all known facts concerning dioecy. Disruptive selection acting upon differential success of gametes produced on sites of differing quality appears to have played a major role in producing separate sexed individuals. Dioecious species reported to …
The Accumulation And Metabolism Of Triphenyltin Hydroxide (Du-Ter) In Crayfish (Procambarus Clarkii) In A Model Ecosystem, John Gary Hollingshaus
The Accumulation And Metabolism Of Triphenyltin Hydroxide (Du-Ter) In Crayfish (Procambarus Clarkii) In A Model Ecosystem, John Gary Hollingshaus
Theses and Dissertations
Triphenyltin hydroxide (TPTH) appears to be relatively stable in soil. Only minor partitioning into water occurred because of the insolubility of TPTH in water and its adsorption to soil. Residues in the water were also relatively stable. The concentration. of TPTH in the tissues of crayfish exposed to 1.0 ppm of TPTH in the soil was 0.1 ppm or 10% that of the environment. Crayfish exposed to 0.01 ppm of TPTH in the soil had 0.005 ppm TPTH in their tissues or 50% that of the environment. Greater than 80% of the residue in the muscle tissue appeared to be …
Drosophila Pseudoobscura Of The Great Basin, Monte E. Turner
Drosophila Pseudoobscura Of The Great Basin, Monte E. Turner
Theses and Dissertations
Four Utah populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura from the Wasatch Mountains in Utah were sampled and characterized for third chromosome gene arrangements. The original samples in this area were taken in 1940 and 1950. At that time the populations were essentially monomorphic for the Arrowhead arrangement, with small percentages of Pikes Peak and Chiricahua also found. The current samples show these populations to contain eight third chromosome arrangements; seven previously described (AR, PP, CH, ST, TL, OL, EP) and a newly discovered endemic arrangement (American Fork, AF), with breakpoints 63E and 70D. The frequency of AR had decreased to 25% in …
A Revision Of The Herbaceous Members Of The Genus Atriplex (Chenopodiaceae) For The State Of Utah, K. H. Thorne
A Revision Of The Herbaceous Members Of The Genus Atriplex (Chenopodiaceae) For The State Of Utah, K. H. Thorne
Theses and Dissertations
The herbaceous Atriplex species which occur in Utah are revised. This study is based on herbarium specimens and field observations throughout the state. My treatment largely follows that of Rall and Clements (1923). A brief discussion of the history, diagnostic characteristics and phylogeny is given. A descriptive key that includes all taxa has been prepared: type locality, synonyms, general habitat and distribution is reported for each entity. Illustrations and maps are included. One variety is described as new.
The Mammals Of Zion National Park With Emphasis On Ecology And Distribution Of Twelve Species Of Rodents, Paul A. Gardner
The Mammals Of Zion National Park With Emphasis On Ecology And Distribution Of Twelve Species Of Rodents, Paul A. Gardner
Theses and Dissertations
Information concerning the mammals of Zion National Park was needed for management purposes and general information. During the summers of 1975 and 1976, mammals observed throughout the park were recorded and habitat structure was measured for each animal at the immediate observation site. Ordinations based on stepwise discriminant analyses of the data on 12 rodent species were constructed and substantiated by Bray-Curtis analyses. The results showed that amounts of cover and boulders contrasted the habitats of Peromyscus eremicus, P. maniculatus, P. crinitus, P. boylii and P. truei. A second group of species--Eutamias minimus, E. umbrinus, Spermophilus variegatus, Tamiasciurus hudsonicus, Dipodomys …
Phlox Longifolia Nuttall (Polemoniaceae) Complex Of North America, Frederick J. Peabody
Phlox Longifolia Nuttall (Polemoniaceae) Complex Of North America, Frederick J. Peabody
Theses and Dissertations
Over 1,000 herbarium specimens including 24 type specimens were examined in an attempt to achieve a clearer understanding of the Phlox longifolia complex. Four variables were measured for each specimen and the data were statistically analyzed by disciminant analysis. Using a previously published system of classification for the complex approximately 73% of the measured variation among the specimens was accounted for by that system. The clustering patterns produced in this first analysis indicated that a more conservative approach would be advisable. The formulataion and subsequent application of a modified system produced a grouping of specimens that accounted for 95% of …
Behavior And Age Class Structure Of Wintering Northern Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus Leucocephalus Alascanus) In Western Utah, Ronald A. Joseph
Behavior And Age Class Structure Of Wintering Northern Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus Leucocephalus Alascanus) In Western Utah, Ronald A. Joseph
Theses and Dissertations
Bald Eagles in Cedar and Rush Valleys of western Utah were studied from 1975 to 1977. Arriving in mid-November, the eagles departed in mid-March. A statewide Bald Eagle census revealed 200 to 300 birds. Wintering eagle populations have remained stable for the past 10 years. Immatures comprised 35% of the population in 1975-76 and 33% in 1976-77. While Black-tailed jackrabbits are the primary food source of wintering eagles in western Utah, other mammalian carrion serve as supplementary food items. Eagles utilized 4 communal night roosts. Three day communal roosts were located on south facing slopes. The social existence of Bald …
The Relationship Of Reduced Levels Of Atp To Inhibited Chondrogenesis In The Production Of Limb Deformity Induced By 6-Aminonicotinamide, Val C. Sheffield
The Relationship Of Reduced Levels Of Atp To Inhibited Chondrogenesis In The Production Of Limb Deformity Induced By 6-Aminonicotinamide, Val C. Sheffield
Theses and Dissertations
6-aminonicotinamide (6-AN), an analogue and antagonist of nicotinamide, impairs cartilage formation and results in shortening of the limb when administered to chick embryos. 6-AN forms an abnormal NAD analogue (6-ANAD), which inhibits the activity of NAD-dependent enzymes associated with the production of ATP. The mechanism of action of 6-AN was studied by measuring the biosynthesis of protein and DNA, and the sulfation and glycosylation of chondroitin sulfate in control and 6-AN treated cartilage from 8-day chick embryos. The cartilage was also assayed for ATP levels. Incorporation of Na235SO4 was inhibited by 6 h treatment with 10 μg/ml 6-AN, whereas 3H-thymidine …
The Genus Haemolaelaps (Acarina: Laelapidae) In The Northwest Ethiopian Biogeographical Region, Calvin J. Sakamoto
The Genus Haemolaelaps (Acarina: Laelapidae) In The Northwest Ethiopian Biogeographical Region, Calvin J. Sakamoto
Theses and Dissertations
This paper presents the results of a taxonomic stury of mites of the genus Haemolaelaps collected from small mammals of 8 political subdivisions of the northwest portion of the Ethiopian Biogeographical Region. Specimens taken from 2,863 small mammals from a wide variety of habitats and localities were examined. The Haemolaelaps fauna includes 23 species, 10 of which are described as new: H. bellasoma, H. caurinus, H. chaetospinicus, H. crocidura, H. desmodilliscus, He. ebsi, H. malachela, H. parahirsti, H. sikapusi and H. taterakempi. Numerical taxonomic and multicariate analyses were used to assess variation and clustering. A key for identification of females …
Sex-Linked Mental Retardation Without Physical Stigmata (Martin-Bell Or Renpenning Type) : A Genetic And Psychometric Approach, Craig L. Hanis
Sex-Linked Mental Retardation Without Physical Stigmata (Martin-Bell Or Renpenning Type) : A Genetic And Psychometric Approach, Craig L. Hanis
Theses and Dissertations
Screening the Utah State Training School (a resident institution for the mentally retarded) for kindreds having at least two institutionalized sibs generated 54 sib groups. Of these, 20-male only sibships had histories compatible with sex-linked mental retardation without physical stigmata (Martin-Bell or Renpenning type). Affected males had no characteristic physical stigmata (an appreciable number did have speech problems and/or seizure disorders) and exhibited IQs ranging from 5 to 74 with a mean of 34.2. Obligate carrier females had a mean IQ score of 91.9 (range, 79 to 106), which is as would be predicted due to random X-inactivation. Carrier females …
Canopy Influence As A Factor In Determining Understory Community Composition, Richard B. Wilcox
Canopy Influence As A Factor In Determining Understory Community Composition, Richard B. Wilcox
Theses and Dissertations
Four tree species (i.e. Pinus ponderosa, Juiperus scopulorum, Quercus Gambelii, and Ceanothus velutinus were chosen for this study. Ten individuals of each species were selected and their associated understory communities and adjacent non-understory communities sampled. Data taken included biotic and abiotic parameters. The data was subjected to similarity index analysis, cluster analysis, discriminant analysis, and x^2 analysis. The results were confirmed by all tests. The forest canopy was shown to directly influence the understory community. The understory community is a shrub-grass dominated type while the non-understory community is an annual-forb dominated type. The different tree species were also shown to …
Accumulation And Metabolism Of Triphenyltin Hydroxide (Du-Ter) In Channel Catfish, Hal B. Jenson
Accumulation And Metabolism Of Triphenyltin Hydroxide (Du-Ter) In Channel Catfish, Hal B. Jenson
Theses and Dissertations
The fate of ring-14C labeled triphenyltin hydroxide was studied in a model ecosystem consisting of soiI, water, and channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Two initial levels of triphenyltin hydroxide concentration in soiI, 1.0 and 0.010 ppm, were compared. The soiI showed a gradual loss of 20 to 30% of the total 14C residues. Only about 33% of the remaining soil residues could be extracted and almost all of these were triphenyltin hydroxide. Total residues in the water were very low. Catfish muscle and viscera accumulated 14C residues continually throughout the treatment portion of the experiment. When the catfish were transferred to …
Partitioning Of Space And Time By The Western Jumping Mouse, Zapus Princeps Utahensis Hall, John M. Deacon
Partitioning Of Space And Time By The Western Jumping Mouse, Zapus Princeps Utahensis Hall, John M. Deacon
Theses and Dissertations
Intraspecific competition is important in determining habitat utilization by members of a single species. Effective use of habitat may involve partitioning the available resources: space, time and food among individuals of different age, sex, and/or reproductive state. Numerous publications deal with interspecific competition (McCloskey and Fieldwick 1975, Cody 1973, Rosenzweig 1973, Stewart and Levin 1973, Gaby 1972, Brown 1971, Koshkina 1971, Sheppe 1967, Caldwell and Gentry 1965, Cameron 1964, Clough 1964, Gause 1932), but little has been written on intraspecific competition among populations of organisms in nature.
Isolation, Purification, Scanning Electron Microscopy And Bacterial Dna Uptake Of Plant Protoplasts, Bronwyn G. Hughes
Isolation, Purification, Scanning Electron Microscopy And Bacterial Dna Uptake Of Plant Protoplasts, Bronwyn G. Hughes
Theses and Dissertations
Protoplasts were isolated from tobacco and barley leaves in sucrose or mannitol using commercially available cellulases and macerozymes. Barley growth and protoplast isolation and purification conditions were optimized so that protoplasts were obtained in high yields free of unwanted debris and organelles. A technique for processing barley and tobacco protoplasts for examination by scanning electron microscopy was developed in which protoplasts seem to have maintained their structural integrity. Barley and tobacco protoplasts took up 3H-B. subtilis DNA, 125I-B. subtilis DNA or 125I-M. luteus DNA as a linear function of time (0-6 hr) and DNA concentration (0-200 μg/ml). Up to 16 …
Environmental Interaction In Summer Algal Communities Of Utah Lake, Mark C. Whiting
Environmental Interaction In Summer Algal Communities Of Utah Lake, Mark C. Whiting
Theses and Dissertations
Utah Lake is a shallow eutrophic lake located in central Utah. It is characterized by high nutrient and silt loads and by large algal blooms in late summer and early fall. Phytoplankton samples and environmental data were taken from June through August 1974. Phytoplankton species were identified and then quantified in a Palmer counting cell. Environmental continuum theory was employed to describe algal succession and regression analysis was used to discover interactions between algal communities and the environment. Phytoplankton communities in June were characterized by high species diversity. As the lake environment became stressed in late summer due to higher …
Cytosol Binding Of Steroid Hormones In Sheep Brains And Pituitaries, David Carl Marcusen
Cytosol Binding Of Steroid Hormones In Sheep Brains And Pituitaries, David Carl Marcusen
Theses and Dissertations
The uptake and binding of tritiated cortisol, corticosterone, and dexamethasone in cytosols isolated from various regions of non-adrenalectomized (intact) and adrenalectomized sheep brains and pituitaries were studied. [3H]-cortisol and [3H]-corticosterone were bound preferentially by cytosols from the hippocampal and septal regions of the brain, whereas, [3H]-dexamethasone was preferentially bound by cytosol from the pituitary. Cytosols isolated from the brains of adrenalectomized sheep bound significantly more [3H]-corticosterone than did cytosol from the brains of intact animals. Pre-incubation of cytosols from the hippocampus of adrenalectomized animals with non-radioactive testosterone or estradiol did not significantly block the subsequent binding of [3H]-cortisol. Results of …
Utilization Of Nest Boxes By Birds In Three Vegetational Communities With Special Reference To The American Kestrel (Falco Sparverius), Laurence Barrett Mcarthur
Utilization Of Nest Boxes By Birds In Three Vegetational Communities With Special Reference To The American Kestrel (Falco Sparverius), Laurence Barrett Mcarthur
Theses and Dissertations
This study was designed to determine if, by providing artificial nest sites, a raptorial predator could be attracted into an area where suitable sites are limited. The American Kestrel (Falco sparverius) was a common species in the area and nest boxes designed for their use were placed in three vegetational types in western Utah and eastern Nevada. Seventy boxes were available in 1975 and 110 in 1976. Kestrels nested both years in the salt-desert shrub community but were absent from the pinyon-juniper and riparian areas. Four other bird species nested in the latter two areas, however. In 1975 the nesting …
Certain Edaphic And Biotic Factors Affecting Vegetation In The Shadscale Community Of The Kaiparowits Area, Vane Orlan Campbell
Certain Edaphic And Biotic Factors Affecting Vegetation In The Shadscale Community Of The Kaiparowits Area, Vane Orlan Campbell
Theses and Dissertations
A study area on the southern extensions of the Great Basin cold desert (Kaiparowits Basin, Utah) was selected which has had varying amounts of disturbance. Areas with similar slope and exposure in the Shadscale community were sampled. At each site, soil samples were collected and percent sand, percent clay, percent silt, soluble salts, and hydrogen ion concentrations were measured. Cluster analysis based on percent frequency of the perennial species showed that eight groups or sub-communities were definable within the area sampled. Patterns within the vegetation were shown to be independent with the use of cluster analysis. Discriminant analysis on soil …
Intermolecular Potential Surfaces From Electron Gas Methods. Ii. Angle And Distance Dependence Of The A’ And A” Ar–No(X^2ii) Interactions, Glen C. Nielson, Gregory A. Parker, Russell T. Pack
Intermolecular Potential Surfaces From Electron Gas Methods. Ii. Angle And Distance Dependence Of The A’ And A” Ar–No(X^2ii) Interactions, Glen C. Nielson, Gregory A. Parker, Russell T. Pack
Faculty Publications
Angle dependent intermolecular potential energy surfaces for the two states (2A’ and 2A”) that arise from the interaction of ground (X^2II) state NO with Ar are calculated using the electron gas model to obtain the short range interactions. The average and difference of the two interaction energies are fit to analytic forms convenient for use in scattering calculations and joined smoothly onto the long range van der Waals potential previously determined. The results, which appear to be of useful accuracy, and the applicability of the electron gas model to such open shell–closed shell interactions are discussed.