Life Sciences Commons^™

Study On The Packaging Quality Stability Of Paper-Packaging Machines For Chinese Dried Noodles, Zong Xiangdong, Fu Junhui, Jiao Zuiping, Wang Ruibin, Zhao Bo, Wei Yimin

Food and Machinery

To determine the packaging quality stability of paper-packaging machines (HNQ) for Chinese dried noodles based on the key technology improvement, and to meet demands from noodle industries to packaging stability and efficiency, the production lines of a dried noodles manufacturing industry were sampled for investigation. The packaging effects of two kinds of packaging machines (HNQ and SDH) and four same machines in a line were for each kind were tested and analyzed. The results showed that no significant difference in the instant weight of packaged noodles between the SDH packaging machines was found. The differences of coefficient variation (CV%) among …

The Changes Intexture And Physicochemical Properties Of Giant Freshwater Prown (Macrobrachium Rosenbergii) During Frozen Storage, Liu Jiatong, Jiang Qixing, Yang Fang, Wang Bin, Xu Yanshun, Xia Wenshui, Xu Yan

Food and Machinery

The texture and physicochemical properties of giant freshwater prawn during frozen storage were investigated in this study. The quality differences of frozen whole prawn and headless prawn were compared and analyzed by shear stress, myofibrillar fragmentation index, myofibrillar apparent diameter, TCA soluble peptide and total protease activity. The results showed that the shear force of prawn decreased with the extension of storage time. The shear force of frozen whole prawn decreased more rapidly than headless prawn. After 16 weeks, the shear force of frozen whole prawns and headless shrimp decreased by 36.81% and 25.40%. The myofibril fragmentation index and TCA …

Effect Of Wild Oat Beta Glucan On The Quality Of Frozen Cooked Noodles, Fan Jiaxuan, Qiu Qingyang, Wang Jinrong, Guo Xiaona, Zhu Kexue

Food and Machinery

In order to explore the feasibility of application of beta-glucan as the texturizine agent in the processing of frozen cooked noodles. In the present study, the texture indices were measured, and the moisture distribution was determined by NMR as well as the food quality was evaluated by the sensory assessors. The results showed that with the increase of the addition amount of oat beta-glucan, recooking water absorption, pre-cooking loss and recooking loss presented the first increase and then decrease. The quality characteristics of cooked noodles such as the hardness, springiness and chewiness presented the first decrease and then increase. When …

The Effect On The Postharvest Qualities Of ‘Lianhong’ Citrus Fruit By Using Heat Shock Combined With Ozone Fumigation, Jiang Jing, Zhu Xiangrong, Su Donglin, Fu Fuhua, Zhang Juhua, Li Gaoyang, Shan Yang

Food and Machinery

Effects of heat shock combined with ozone fumigation at low temperature atmosphere were investigated on the storage quality and fruit physiological index of citrus processing varieties (‘Lianhong’ citrus fruit). The fruit was stored in cold storage at 4 ℃ and 90% relative humidity (RH), after treated with hot water (52 ℃, 3 min) and 6.0 mg/m³ of ozone for 15 min. Respiratory intensity, water loss rate, total soluble solids content (SSC), titratable acid (TA), ascorbic acid (V_C), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) activity were determined. The result showed that the combined treatment could enhance …

Preservation Effect Of Active Film Containing Oreganoessential Oil On Snakehead Slices, Du Yunfei, Fan Liyuan, Shen Chunhua

Food and Machinery

In order to study the preservation effect of oregano essential oil in plastic films, oregano essential oil, as an antibacterial agent, was added into ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) and polyethylene (PE) respectively, then the food preservative films were prepared by extrusion casting. The mechanical properties, transmittance and haze of the preservative film were characterized. The snakeheads were then packaged in the preservative films, and the changes in drip loss rate, pH, thiobarbituric acid (TBA) and total viable count over time were determined. The results showed that the addition of oregano oil has little effect on the basic properties of the …

Infection Of Alternaria Alternata In Postharvest Jiashi Melon And 86-1 Melon, Maerhaba Paerhati, Bai Yujia, Wang Jin, Zhu Wantong, Adilai Tuersun, Feng Zuoshan

Food and Machinery

Jiash melon and 86-1 melon were used as experiment material in this paper. After inoculated with Alternaria alternata by injury, the differences between the two were compared in terms of lesion diameter, pathogen-induced plant protein and protective enzyme activity. The results showed that the lesions of Jiashi melon were less than 86-1, and the diameter of the pericarp was smaller than the sarcocarp. After inoculated with Alternaria alternata, pathogen-induced plant protein and protective enzyme activity of two melons were increased during whole storage period. It played an important role in resisting the infection of Alternaria alternata, especially in the middle …

Studies On Curcumin And Cftr: Refutation And Recognition, Luan Jian, Cao Huanhuan, Zhou Xiaofu

Food and Machinery

The research progress of curcumin stimulates mutant CFTR chloride channel since 2004 is summarizes in this review, and the process from discovery to refutation, from resistance to recognition of this theory are also discussed. Scientists prove that curcumin is a natural molecular activator of CFTR chloride channel, and plays an important role in the treatment of cystic fibrosis and the drug development, according the investigation of the experiment methods, mechanisms and pharmacokinetics. This review reveals the potential problems such as safe dose, and aims to provide references for cystic fibrosis drug research and development.

Development Of 3d Printing Technology Based On Edible Materials, Yang Laixia, Yang Fanrong, Gui Yulian, Li Jiapu

Food and Machinery

The extension of edible materials has accelerated the development of 3D printing technology. However, as compared with engineering materials, the 3D printing technology for edible materials still faces many challenges. This review introduced the current mature 3D printing technology and its application field, and expounded the structure and composition of food 3D printer, as well as explained the research progress of edible material 3D printing at home and abroad. Moreover, the existing problems in the application of 3D printing in edible materials were summarized and analyzed, helping to look forward to a wider range of applications in the future, and …

Research Progress Of Polyphenolic Compounds In Artichoke, Shi Mingyue, Cao Qingming, Zhong Wenhui, Yi Yingjian, Fang Yi, Zhang Zhikun, Zhou Wenhua

Food and Machinery

Artichoke has important nutritional and medicinal value and great development potential in the application of health food. In this review, the recent research results on extraction methods, analytical methods of artichoke, its chemical components and biological activities of polyphenols were summarized. It is hoped that national and international research results, can be popularized and utilized. The recognition of artichoke medicinal value in modern medicine and the promotion of artichoke products will bring great benefits to people's health and longevity.

Research Progress On The Mechanism Of Dietary Anthocyanins On Preventing And Treating Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Lai Dengni, Jiang Yuqin, Tian Yan, Wu Yanyang, Zhao Lingyan, Deng Fangming

Food and Machinery

The main components of anthocyanins in different fruits and vegetables were discussed. And the role of anthocyanins of prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes were explored. The mechanism of anthocyanins in preventing and treating type 2 diabetes by reducing oxidative stress, improving insulin resistance, promoting insulin secretion and protecting β cells was discussed, and provided a theoretical basis for the comprehensive utilization of polyphenolic compounds in fruits and vegetables.

Advacnes On Biological And Farming Technology For The Prevention And Treatment Of Cadmium In Rice, Shen Junjun, Lin Qinlu, Luo Feijun

Food and Machinery

In this paper, on account of the current situation that some rice have high cadmium content or even exceeds the national standard, the severity and regional distribution currently at home and abroad are analyzed. The necessity of controlling cadmium pollution of rice was revealed, and the methods of biotechnology and farming at home and abroad were systematically integrated,such as screening low cadmium enriched rice varieties using biological technology, hybrid technology and genetic engineering technology that includes transgene technology, gene knockout and gene silencing to improve rice traits. The microbial adsorption method and fermentation technology to reduce the cadmium content in …

Effects Of Different Additives On The Properties Offried Carrot Chips, Lu Shaochuang, Zheng Baofang, Qin Shixiu, Lu Jialei, Zhou Tao, Wang Jiaqi, Li Chiling, Zhou Hui

Food and Machinery

In order to reduce the oil content of fried carrot chips and improve the sensory and nutritional quality of the products, various additives including sodium chloride, monoglyceride, sucrose ester, lecithin, modified starch, gelatin, pectin, dextran, xanthan gum, and carrageenan, etc. were added before frying, and then the texture, oil content, chroma, β-carotene and other aspects of the fried samples were detected and analyzed. The results showed that, by adding additives, the oil content of the sample could be significantly reduced and the loss of β-carotene was minimized, although various additives had their own advantages in improving the quality of the …

Effects Of Lactobacillus Fermentation On The Quality And Nutrient Of Tartary Buckwheat Seedling Beverage, Li Jun, Lu Yang, Liu Yongxiang, Liu Hui

Food and Machinery

Bulgarian Lactobacillus, Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus plantarum were inoculated into tartary buckwheat seedling beverage for fermentation, and the changes of sensory score, number of live Lactobacillus, total sugar, reducing sugar, total acid, total protein, total flavone, rutin, quercetin and kaempferol 3-rutinoside were compared for the better lactic acid bacteria fermentation strains. The results showed that Lactobacillus could grow well in tartary buckwheat seedling beverage, and the fermentation activity of L. plantarum was higher than that of the other two lactobacilli, and the mixed fermentation of L. plantarum and L. bulgaricum had synergistic effect, and the product sensory score was the …

Small Rna Mgrr Regulates Sensitivity Of Escherichia Fergusonii To Oxidative Stress, Austin Paul Wright

Dissertations and Theses

Non-coding small RNAs (sRNAs) are integral to post-transcriptional gene regulation in bacteria. The function of an sRNA is dependent on both secondary structure and the sequence of its unstructured seed region. The sRNA seed region typically base-pairs with target mRNAs to down-regulate the expression of target genes by blocking the ribosome-binding site or by promoting RNase-mediated degradation of the sRNA-mRNA complex. sRNAs have also been shown to increase expression of target genes by releasing RNA secondary structures that block ribosome-binding sites. Selective pressure to maintain sRNA function conserves the sequence of the sRNA seed region, but mutations in mRNA sequences …

Effects Of Increasing Temperature And Acidification On The Growth And Competitive Success Of Alexandrium Catenella From The Gulf Of Maine, Drajad Seto

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The increases in ocean temperature and pCO2 due to climate change are projected to affect the growth and future prevalence of Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) in nearshore waters, but systematic studies on the effects these climate drivers have on harmful algal species are lacking. In particular, little is known about how future climate scenarios will affect the growth of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella, which produces the toxins responsible for paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) that threaten the health and economy of coastal communities in the Gulf of Maine. I examined growth responses of A. catenella and two other naturally co-occurring …

Eavesdropping On Gulf Of Maine Cetaceans In The Vicinity Of Mount Desert Rock, Christopher James Tremblay

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Passive acoustic monitoring, the recording and analysis of biological sound, is a standard method of research into the distribution and behavior of cetaceans worldwide. Acoustic monitoring is reliant upon a thorough reference catalog of species vocalizations and an understanding of the temporal and geographic parameters in which vocalizations occur. This study combined a standard cetacean passive acoustic monitoring survey with a concurrent visual survey at a known baleen whale summer feeding ground to determine the annual species and vocal composition, compare species detection rates using each method, and identify and attribute novel vocalizations to species. The survey took place at …

Characterization And Functional Rescue Of Congenital Muscular Dystrophy With Megaconial Myopathy In A Mouse Model Of The Disease, Ambreen A. Sayed

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Congenital muscular dystrophy with megaconial myopathy (MDCMC) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by progressive muscle weakness and wasting. Megamitochondria in skeletal muscle biopsies and cognitive impairments in MDCMC patients are observations exclusive to this type of muscular dystrophy. The disease is caused by loss of function mutations in the choline kinase beta (CHKB) gene which results in dysfunction of the Kennedy pathway for the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine (PC). A rostro-caudal muscular dystrophy (rmd) mouse with a deletion in the Chkb gene resulting in MDCMC-like symptoms has been reported by our lab. In order to test if the rmd mice …

The Infection Dynamics Of Sea Lice On Atlantic Salmon (Salmo Salar) In Cobscook Bay, Maine, Usa, Catherine Anne Frederick

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Sea lice (Lepeophtheirus and Caligus spp) are parasitic copepods that infect the external surfaces of fish hosts. Salmon lice (L. salmonis) outbreaks are commonly reported by operations in Canada, Norway, Scotland, Ireland, and the United States and are a primary concern in aquaculture because of their fish health and economic impacts. When farmed fish mortalities and treatments are accounted for, annual losses from sea louse infestations exceed $300,000,000 (Costello 2009). Farms experiencing sea lice infections risk on-site re-infection and transmission to wild populations and other farms that are hydrographically connected. In Maine, Atlantic salmon farms are located in the northeast, …

Assessing The Upper Critical Limit Of The Thermoneutral Zone In Laboratory Mice, Teumbo Ngunte

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Endothermic organisms such as mammals and birds rely on high energy budgets to regulate body temperature. Many studies have previously investigated the thermo-regulation of mammals under the lower critical temperature of the thermoneutral zone, yet our knowledge in determining the upper critical limits is still scarce. As an endotherm, lab mice (Mus musculus) are perfect models to determine the cost to maintain constant body temperature as ambient temperature increases. The upper critical temperature of the thermoneutral zone of this species has been estimated to be above 32°C and below 34°C. By utilizing different genetic backgrounds of lab mice in this …

Developing Animal Feed Preservatives From Paper Mill Byproducts, Diana Carolina Reyes Gomez

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Our objectives were to evaluate the antifungal properties of technical lignins against 3 molds and 1 yeast causing hay spoilage, and for their ability to preserve alfalfa hay nutritive value. In experiment 1, 8 technical lignins and propionic acid (PRP; positive control) were tested at a dose of 40 mg/mL. The experiment had a randomized complete block design (RCBD, 4 runs) and a factorial arrangement of 3 molds × 10 additives (ADV). The effects of ADV on the yeast were also evaluated with a RCBD. Across fungi, sodium lignosulfonate (NaL) and PRP were the only treatments with a 100 ± …

Providing Experimental Evidence For Mouse Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase As A Novel And Unique Adult Neural Stem Cell Marker, Caroline Dean Curtis

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

With the prevalence of neurodegenerative pathologies in our society today it is imperative that we begin to look at novel approaches to the underlying problem of dying neurons that are not replaced. Adult neural stem cells exist naturally and could potentially be manipulated into targeted repair of damaged brains, given substantial research. The first step in this process is to find a way to specifically mark the earliest subset of these cells, the quiescent adult neural stem cells. Here we provide evidence for the existence of a novel and unique qANSC marker in mouse telomerase reverse transcriptase (mTERT). mTERT has …

Using Physical Contact Heterogeneity And Frequency To Characterize Dynamics Of Human Exposure To Nonhuman Primate Bodily Fluids In Central Africa, Victor Narat, Mamdou Kampo, Thibut Heyer, Stephanie Rupp, Philippe Ambata, Richard Njouom, Tamara Giles-Vernick

Publications and Research

Emerging infectious diseases of zoonotic origin constitute a recurrent threat to global health. Nonhuman primates (NHPs) occupy an important place in zoonotic spillovers (pathogenic transmissions from animals to humans), serving as reservoirs or amplifiers of multiple neglected tropical diseases, including viral hemorrhagic fevers and arboviruses, parasites and bacteria, as well as retroviruses (simian foamy virus, PTLV) that are pathogenic in human beings. Hunting and butchering studies in Africa characterize at-risk human social groups, but overlook critical factors of contact heterogeneity and frequency, NHP species differences, and meat processing practices. In southeastern Cameroon, a region with a history of zoonotic emergence …

Discerning Novel Splice Junctions Derived From Rna-Seq Alignment: A Deep Learning Approach, Yi Zhang, Xinan Liu, James N. Macleod, Jinze Liu

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Background: Exon splicing is a regulated cellular process in the transcription of protein-coding genes. Technological advancements and cost reductions in RNA sequencing have made quantitative and qualitative assessments of the transcriptome both possible and widely available. RNA-seq provides unprecedented resolution to identify gene structures and resolve the diversity of splicing variants. However, currently available ab initio aligners are vulnerable to spurious alignments due to random sequence matches and sample-reference genome discordance. As a consequence, a significant set of false positive exon junction predictions would be introduced, which will further confuse downstream analyses of splice variant discovery and abundance estimation.

Results: …

Effects Of Soil Nitrogen On Diploid Advantage In Fireweed, Chamerion Angustifolium (Onagraceae), Alex L. Bales, Erika Hersch-Green

Department of Biological Sciences Publications

In many ecosystems, plant growth and reproduction are nitrogen limited. Current and predicted increases of global reactive nitrogen could alter the ecological and evolutionary trajectories of plant populations. Nitrogen is a major component of nucleic acids and cell structures, and it has been predicted that organisms with larger genomes should require more nitrogen for growth and reproduction and be more negatively affected by nitrogen scarcities than organisms with smaller genomes. In a greenhouse experiment, we tested this hypothesis by examining whether the amount of soil nitrogen supplied differentially influenced the performance (fitness, growth, and resource allocation strategies) of diploid and …

Quantifying Bee Assemblages And Attractiveness Of Flowering Woody Landscape Plants For Urban Pollinator Conservation, Bernadette M. Mach, Daniel A. Potter

Entomology Faculty Publications

Urban and suburban landscapes can be refuges for biodiversity of bees and other pollinators. Public awareness of declining pollinator populations has increased interest in growing plants that provide floral resources for bees. Various publications and websites list “bee-friendly” plants, but such lists are rarely based on empirical data, nor do they emphasize flowering trees and shrubs, which are a major component of urban landscapes. We quantified bee visitation to 72 species of flowering woody landscape plants across 373 urban and suburban sites in Kentucky and southern Ohio, USA, sampling and identifying the bee assemblages associated with 45 of the most …

Smokejumper Obituary: Oswalt, David P. (Cave Junction 1968), National Smokejumper Association

Smokejumper Obituaries

No abstract provided.

Smokejumper Obituary: Peterson, Darrel James "Pete" (Missoula 1950), National Smokejumper Association

Smokejumper Obituaries

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of Methods For Determining Biogeochemical Fluxes From A Restored Oyster Reef, Melanie Jackson, Michael S. Owens, Jeffrey C. Cornwell, M. Lisa Kellogg

VIMS Articles

Oyster reef restoration can significantly increase benthic denitrification rates. Methods applied to measure nutrient fluxes and denitrification from oyster reefs in previous studies include incubations of sediment cores collected adjacent to oyster clumps, benthic chambers filled with intact reef segments that have undergone in situ equilibration and ex situ incubation, and cores with single oysters. However, fluxes of nutrients vary by orders of magnitude among oyster reefs and methods. This study compares two methods of measuring nutrient and metabolic fluxes on restored oyster reefs: incubations including intact segments of oyster reef and incubations containing oyster clumps without underlying sediments. Fluxes …

Phenotypic And Transcriptomic Characterization Of Colonial Phase Variation In The Cholera Pathogen Reveals A Novel Smooth Biofilm-Defective Form, Bliss Nicole Lambert

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Biofilm formation, through the production of Vibrio polysaccharide (VPS), greatly enhances the environmental fitness and pathogenic success of Vibrio cholerae. As a result of phase variation, V. cholerae can switch from a smooth form to rugose, whose cells produce excess VPS, resulting in highly structured biofilms and greater resistance to stress. To further characterize the reversible process of phase variation, we isolated three colonial lineages. Each lineage began with a smooth parent, N16961, and contained a rugose variant derived from the parent, N16961R, as well as a smooth revertant of the rugose, N16961SD. We found clear phenotypic and transcriptomic …

Beam Shaping Assembly Optimization For Boron Neutron Capture Therapy Facility Based On Cyclotron 30 Mev As Neutron Source, Fauzi Arief, Tsurayya Afifah Hana, Harish Ahmad Faisal, Wijaya Gede Sutresna

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

A design of beam shaping assembly (BSA) installed on cyclotron 30 MeV model neutron source for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) has been optimized using simulator software of Monte Carlo N-Particle Extended (MCNPX). The Beryllium target with thickness of 0.55 cm is simulated to be bombarded with 30 MeV of proton beam. In this design, the parameter regarding beam characteristics for BNCT treatment has been improved, which is ratio of fast neutron dose and epithermal neutron flux. TiF3 is replaced to 30 cm of 27Al as moderator, and 1.5 cm of 32S is combined with 28 cm of 60Ni as …