Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
- Keyword
-
- Abundance (1)
- Adaptive cluster sampling (1)
- At-sea surveys (1)
- Biomass (1)
- Brachyramphus brevirostris (1)
-
- California (1)
- Canopy fine fuels (1)
- Climate change (1)
- Climate change; corridor; downscale; ensemble model; fragmentation; Gulo gulo; habitat; hydrologic modeling; snow; wolverine (1)
- Conservation; DNA; genetic monitoring; genetic sampling; molecular ecology (1)
- Corticosteriod-Binding Globulin (1)
- Corticosterone (1)
- Daubenmire transect (1)
- Density (1)
- Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) (1)
- Endemism (1)
- Environmental Predicability (1)
- Fire adaptation (1)
- Forecasting (1)
- Forest restoration (1)
- Hindcasting (1)
- Historical data (1)
- Intensity (1)
- Kittlitz’s Murrelet (1)
- Modified Whittaker plot (1)
- Nonnative plants (1)
- Opportunism (1)
- Point-line intercept (1)
- Protein (1)
- Red Crossbill (1)
Articles 1 - 30 of 57
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Genetic Monitoring For Managers: A New Online Resource, Jeffrey Brian Stetz, Katherine Kendall, Christina D. Vojta, Genetic Monitoring (Gem) Working Group
Genetic Monitoring For Managers: A New Online Resource, Jeffrey Brian Stetz, Katherine Kendall, Christina D. Vojta, Genetic Monitoring (Gem) Working Group
Wildlife Biology Faculty Publications
Monitoring our natural resources will increasingly rely on genetic tools in order to understand and respond to invasive species, habitat degradation, fragmentation, disease, or climate-related changes. In recent years, the rapidly evolving field of genetic monitoring has seen explosive growth in sampling methods, genetic markers, and analytical approaches designed to estimate a wide range of parameters from connectivity to population growth rates. Some of these methods have taken root and now dominate particular aspects of population assessment and monitoring, whereas others have seen less success in real-world applications. To aid managers and researchers with limited genetics experience, we developed a …
Escape From Competition: Neighbors Reduce Centaurea Stoebe Performance At Home But Not Away, Ragan M. Callaway, Lauren P. Waller, Alecu Diaconu, Robert Pal, Alexandra R. Collins, Heingz Mueller-Schaerer, John L. Maron
Escape From Competition: Neighbors Reduce Centaurea Stoebe Performance At Home But Not Away, Ragan M. Callaway, Lauren P. Waller, Alecu Diaconu, Robert Pal, Alexandra R. Collins, Heingz Mueller-Schaerer, John L. Maron
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
The greater abundance of some exotic plants in their nonnative ranges might be explained in part by biogeographic differences in the strength of competition, but these competitive effects have not been experimentally examined in the field. We compared the effects of neighbors on the growth and reproduction of spotted knapweed (Centaurea stoebe) in Europe, where it is native, and in Montana, where it is invasive. There were strong negative competitive effects of neighboring vegetation on C. stoebe growth and reproduction in Europe. In contrast, identical experiments in Montana resulted in insignificant impacts on C. stoebe. Although the …
Evolution Of Coordinated Mutagenesis And Somatic Hypermutation In Vh5, Barbara E. Wright, Karen H. Schmidt, Aaron T. Hunt, Dennis K. Reschke, Michael F. Minnick
Evolution Of Coordinated Mutagenesis And Somatic Hypermutation In Vh5, Barbara E. Wright, Karen H. Schmidt, Aaron T. Hunt, Dennis K. Reschke, Michael F. Minnick
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
The VH5 human antibody gene was analyzed using a computer program (mfg) which simulates transcription, to better understand transcription-driven mutagenesis events that occur during "phase 1" of somatic hypermutation. Results show that the great majority of mutations in the non-transcribed strand occur within loops of two predicted high-stability stem-loop structures, termed SLSs 14.9 and 13.9. In fact, 89% of the 2505 mutations reported are within the encoded complementarity-determining region (CDR) and occur in loops of these high-stability structures. In vitro studies were also done and verified the existence of SLS 14.9. Following the formation of SLSs 14.9 and 13.9, a …
Genotypic And Phenotypic Variation In Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Reveals Signatures Of Secondary Infection And Mutator Activity In Certain Cystic Fibrosis Patients With Chronic Lung Infections, Ashley E. Warren, Carla M. Boulianne-Larsen, Christine B. Chandler, Kami Chiotti, Evgueny Kroll, Scott R. Miller, Francois Taddei, Isabelle Sermet-Gaudelus, Agnes Ferroni, Kathleen Mcinnerney, Michael J. Franklin, Frank Rosenzweig
Genotypic And Phenotypic Variation In Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Reveals Signatures Of Secondary Infection And Mutator Activity In Certain Cystic Fibrosis Patients With Chronic Lung Infections, Ashley E. Warren, Carla M. Boulianne-Larsen, Christine B. Chandler, Kami Chiotti, Evgueny Kroll, Scott R. Miller, Francois Taddei, Isabelle Sermet-Gaudelus, Agnes Ferroni, Kathleen Mcinnerney, Michael J. Franklin, Frank Rosenzweig
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Evolutionary adaptation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to the cystic fibrosis lung is limited by genetic variation, which depends on rates of horizontal gene transfer and mutation supply. Because each may increase following secondary infection or mutator emergence, we sought to ascertain the incidence of secondary infection and genetic variability in populations containing or lacking mutators. Forty-nine strains collected over 3 years from 16 patients were phenotyped for antibiotic resistance and mutator status and were genotyped by repetitive-sequence PCR (rep-PCR), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Though phenotypic and genetic polymorphisms were widespread and clustered more strongly within than …
Lack Of Fire Has Limited Physiological Impact On Old-Growth Ponderosa Pine In Dry Montane Forests Of North-Central Idaho, Eric Keeling, Anna Sala, Thomas H. Deluca
Lack Of Fire Has Limited Physiological Impact On Old-Growth Ponderosa Pine In Dry Montane Forests Of North-Central Idaho, Eric Keeling, Anna Sala, Thomas H. Deluca
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Reduced frequency of fire in historically fire-adapted ecosystems may have adverse effects on ecosystem structure, function, and resilience. Lack of fire increases stand density and promotes successional replacement of seral dominant trees by late-successional, more shade-tolerant species. These changes are thought to increase competition for limited resources among trees and to increase physiological stress of dominant, fire-adapted species. However, there has been little effort to directly investigate effects of lack of fire on the physiological status of old trees, especially in unlogged, protected forests. At four remote sites in the Selway-Bitterroot region of Idaho, we tested whether the physiological status …
Nest Predation And Circulating Corticosterone Levels Within And Among Species, Joseph J. Fontaine, Elena Arriero, Hubert Schwabl, Thomas E. Martin
Nest Predation And Circulating Corticosterone Levels Within And Among Species, Joseph J. Fontaine, Elena Arriero, Hubert Schwabl, Thomas E. Martin
Wildlife Biology Faculty Publications
Variation in the risk of predation to offspring can influence the expression of reproductive strategies both within and among species. Appropriate expression of reproductive strategies in environments that differ in predation risk can have clear advantages for fitness. Although adult-predation risk appears to influence glucocorticosteroid levels, leading to changes in behavioral and life-history strategies, the influence of offspring-predation risk on adult glucocorticosteroid levels remains unclear. We compared total baseline corticosteronc concentrations in Gray-headed Juncos (Junco hyemalis dorsalis) nesting on plots with and without experimentally reduced risk of nest predation. Despite differences in risk between treatments, we failed to find differences …
Genetics Of Coxiella Burnetii: On The Path Of Specialization, Michael F. Minnick, Rahul Raghavan
Genetics Of Coxiella Burnetii: On The Path Of Specialization, Michael F. Minnick, Rahul Raghavan
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Coxiella burnetii is an extremely infectious, zoonotic agent that causes Q fever in humans. With the exception of New Zealand, the bacterium is distributed worldwide. Coxiella is classified as a select agent based on its past and potential use as a bioweapon and its threat to public health. Despite decades of research, we know relatively little regarding Coxiella?s molecular pathogenesis, and a vaccine is not widely available. This article briefly reviews the unusual genetics of C. burnetii; a pathogen that retains telltale genetic mementos collected over the course of its evolutionary path from a free-living bacterium to an obligate intracellular …
The Roles Of Transcription And Genotoxins Underlying P53 Mutagenesis In Vivo, Barbara E. Wright, Karen H. Schmidt, Aaron T. Hunt, J Stephen Lodmell, Michael F. Minnick, Dennis K. Reschke
The Roles Of Transcription And Genotoxins Underlying P53 Mutagenesis In Vivo, Barbara E. Wright, Karen H. Schmidt, Aaron T. Hunt, J Stephen Lodmell, Michael F. Minnick, Dennis K. Reschke
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Transcription drives supercoiling which forms and stabilizes single-stranded (ss) DNA secondary structures with loops exposing G and C bases that are intrinsically mutable and vulnerable to non-enzymatic hydrolytic reactions. Since many studies in prokaryotes have shown direct correlations between the frequencies of transcription and mutation, we conducted in silico analyses using the computer program, mfg, which simulates transcription and predicts the location of known mutable bases in loops of high-stability secondary structures. Mfg analyses of the p53 tumor suppressor gene predicted the location of mutable bases and mutation frequencies correlated with the extent to which these mutable bases were exposed …
Ribozyme Stability, Exon Skipping, And A Potential Role For Rna Helicase In Group I Intron Splicing By Coxiella Burnetii, Linda D. Hicks, Indu Warrier, Rahul Raghavan, Michael F. Minnick
Ribozyme Stability, Exon Skipping, And A Potential Role For Rna Helicase In Group I Intron Splicing By Coxiella Burnetii, Linda D. Hicks, Indu Warrier, Rahul Raghavan, Michael F. Minnick
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
The 23S rRNA gene of Coxiella burnetii, the agent of Q fever in humans, contains an unusually high number of conserved, selfish genetic elements, including two group I introns, termed Cbu.L1917 (L1917) and Cbu.L1951 (L1951). To better understand the role that introns play in Coxiella's biology, we determined the intrinsic stability time periods (in vitro half-lives) of the encoded ribozymes to be similar to 15 days for L1917 and similar to 5 days for L1951, possibly due to differences in their sizes (551 and 1,559 bases, respectively), relative degrees of compactness of the respective RNA structures, and amounts of single-stranded …
Biotic Resistance Via Granivory: Establishment By Invasive, Naturalized, And Native Asters Reflects Generalist Preference, Dean E. Pearson, Ragan M. Callaway, John L. Maron
Biotic Resistance Via Granivory: Establishment By Invasive, Naturalized, And Native Asters Reflects Generalist Preference, Dean E. Pearson, Ragan M. Callaway, John L. Maron
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Escape from specialist natural enemies is frequently invoked to explain exotic plant invasions, but little attention has been paid to how generalist consumers in the recipient range may influence invasion. We examined how seed preferences of the widespread generalist granivore Peromyscus maniculatus related to recruitment of the strongly invasive exotic Centaurea stoebe and several weakly invasive exotics and natives by conducting laboratory feeding trials and seed addition experiments in the field. Laboratory feeding trials showed that P. maniculatus avoided consuming seeds of C. stoebe relative to the 12 other species tested, even when seeds of alternative species were 53–94% smaller …
Deriving Fuel Mass By Size Class In Douglas-Fir (Pseudotsuga Menziesii) Using Terrestrial Laser Scanning, Carl Seielstad, Crystal Stonesifer, Eric Rowell, Lloyd Queen
Deriving Fuel Mass By Size Class In Douglas-Fir (Pseudotsuga Menziesii) Using Terrestrial Laser Scanning, Carl Seielstad, Crystal Stonesifer, Eric Rowell, Lloyd Queen
Forest Management Faculty Publications
Requirements for describing coniferous forests are changing in response to wildfire concerns, bio-energy needs, and climate change interests. At the same time, technology advancements are transforming how forest properties can be measured. Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) is yielding promising results for measuring tree biomass parameters that, historically, have required costly destructive sampling and resulted in small sample sizes. Here we investigate whether TLS intensity data can be used to distinguish foliage and small branches (less than or equal to 0.635 cm diameter; coincident with the one-hour timelag fuel size class) from larger branchwood (>0.635 cm) in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga …
Physiological Trade-Offs In Self-Maintenance: Plumage Molt And Stress Physiology In Birds, Jamie M. Cornelius, Nicole Perfito, Richard Zann, Creagh W. Breuner, Thomas P. Hahn
Physiological Trade-Offs In Self-Maintenance: Plumage Molt And Stress Physiology In Birds, Jamie M. Cornelius, Nicole Perfito, Richard Zann, Creagh W. Breuner, Thomas P. Hahn
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Trade-offs between self-maintenance processes can affect life-history evolution. Integument replacement and the stress response both promote self-maintenance and affect survival in vertebrates. Relationships between the two processes have been studied most extensively in birds, where hormonal stress suppression is down regulated during molt in seasonal species, suggesting a resource-based trade-off between the two processes. The only species found to differ are the rock dove and Eurasian tree sparrow, at least one of which performs a very slow molt that may reduce resource demands during feather growth, permitting investment in the stress response. To test for the presence of a molt–stress …
Structure-Activity Relationships For The Interactions Of 2'- And 3'-(O)-(N-Methyl)Anthraniloyl-Substituted Purine And Pyrimidine Nucleotides With Mammalian Adenylyl Cyclases, Cibele Pinto, Gerald H. Lushington, Mark Richter, Andreas Gille, Jens Geduhn, Burkhard König, Tung-Chung Mou, Stephen R. Sprang, Roland Seifert
Structure-Activity Relationships For The Interactions Of 2'- And 3'-(O)-(N-Methyl)Anthraniloyl-Substituted Purine And Pyrimidine Nucleotides With Mammalian Adenylyl Cyclases, Cibele Pinto, Gerald H. Lushington, Mark Richter, Andreas Gille, Jens Geduhn, Burkhard König, Tung-Chung Mou, Stephen R. Sprang, Roland Seifert
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Membranous adenylyl cyclases (ACs) play a key role in signal transduction and are promising drug targets. In previous studies we showed that 2',3'-(O)-(N-methylanthraniloyl) (MANT)-substituted nucleotides are potent AC inhibitors. The aim of this study was to provide systematic structure-activity relationships for 21 (M)ANT-substituted nucleotides at the purified catalytic AC subunit heterodimer VC1:IIC2, the VC1:VC1 homodimer and recombinant ACs 1, 2 and 5. (M)ANT-nucleotides inhibited fully activated VC1:IIC2 in the order of affinity for bases hypoxanthine>uracil>cytosine>adenine∼guanine≫xanthine. Omission of a hydroxyl group at the 2' or 3'-position reduced inhibitor potency as did introduction of a γ-thiophosphate group or omission …
The Nucleotide Exchange Factor Ric-8a Is A Chaperone For The Conformationally Dynamic Nucleotide-Free State Of G Alpha I1, Celestine J. Thomas, Klara Briknarova, Jonathan K. Hilmer, Navid Movahed, Brian Bothner, John P. Sumida, Gregory G. Tall, Stephen R. Sprang
The Nucleotide Exchange Factor Ric-8a Is A Chaperone For The Conformationally Dynamic Nucleotide-Free State Of G Alpha I1, Celestine J. Thomas, Klara Briknarova, Jonathan K. Hilmer, Navid Movahed, Brian Bothner, John P. Sumida, Gregory G. Tall, Stephen R. Sprang
Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications
Heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunits are activated upon exchange of GDP for GTP at the nucleotide binding site of G alpha, catalyzed by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs). In addition to transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which act on G protein heterotrimers, members of the family cytosolic proteins typified by mammalian Ric-8A are GEFs for Gi/q/12/13-class G alpha subunits. Ric-8A binds to G alpha.GDP, resulting in the release of GDP. The Ric-8A complex with nucleotide-free G alpha i1 is stable, but dissociates upon binding of GTP to G alpha i1. To gain insight into the mechanism of Ric-8A-catalyzed GDP release …
A Reply To King Et Al., Mark E. Swanson, Jerry F. Franklin, Robert L. Beschta, Charles M. Crisafulli, Dominick A. Dellasala, Richard L. Hutto, David B. Lindenmayer, Frederick J. Swanson
A Reply To King Et Al., Mark E. Swanson, Jerry F. Franklin, Robert L. Beschta, Charles M. Crisafulli, Dominick A. Dellasala, Richard L. Hutto, David B. Lindenmayer, Frederick J. Swanson
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Hunger Artists: Yeast Adapted To Carbon Limitation Show Trade-Offs Under Carbon Sufficiency, Jared W. Wenger, Jeffrey Piotrowski, Saisubramanian Nagarajan, Kami Chiotti, Gavin Sherlock, Frank Rosenzweig
Hunger Artists: Yeast Adapted To Carbon Limitation Show Trade-Offs Under Carbon Sufficiency, Jared W. Wenger, Jeffrey Piotrowski, Saisubramanian Nagarajan, Kami Chiotti, Gavin Sherlock, Frank Rosenzweig
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
As organisms adaptively evolve to a new environment, selection results in the improvement of certain traits, bringing about an increase in fitness. Trade-offs may result from this process if function in other traits is reduced in alternative environments either by the adaptive mutations themselves or by the accumulation of neutral mutations elsewhere in the genome. Though the cost of adaptation has long been a fundamental premise in evolutionary biology, the existence of and molecular basis for trade-offs in alternative environments are not well-established. Here, we show that yeast evolved under aerobic glucose limitation show surprisingly few trade-offs when cultured in …
Exome-Wide Dna Capture And Next Generation Sequencing In Domestic And Wild Species, Albano Beja-Pereira, Shanyuan Chen, Theodore F. Cosart, Gordon Luikart, Sarah B. Ng, Jay Shendure
Exome-Wide Dna Capture And Next Generation Sequencing In Domestic And Wild Species, Albano Beja-Pereira, Shanyuan Chen, Theodore F. Cosart, Gordon Luikart, Sarah B. Ng, Jay Shendure
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Our understanding of the molecular, genetic basis of adaptations and phenotypic differentiation among individuals will advance quickly thanks to new molecular techniques. This understanding is crucial given that accelerating environmental change and human population growth are increasingly threatening natural populations of fish and wildlife as well as increasing demands for agricultural production in domesticated species. This makes it urgent in many wild and domestic species to investigate the genetic basis of fitness, adaptation, and disease resistance [1], and to discover adaptive genes and speciation genes, i.e., the "loci of evolution" [2].
Satellite Finds Highest Land Skin Temperatures On Earth, David J. Mildrexler, Maosheng Zhao, Steven W. Running
Satellite Finds Highest Land Skin Temperatures On Earth, David J. Mildrexler, Maosheng Zhao, Steven W. Running
Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences Faculty Publications
The location of the hottest spot on Earth has undoubtedly been an interesting curiosity for centuries. Even with the advent of the instrumental temperature record around the year 1850, the location of the hottest spot on Earth has continued to be the subject of debate and controversy. In 1913, the weather station at Furnace Creek in Death Valley National Park, California, measured an air temperature of 56.7°C (134.1°F) and claimed the title of “hottest place on Earth.” Nine years later in El Azizia, Libya, an air temperature of 57.8°C (136°F) was recorded on land owned by an Italian farmer and …
Quantifying The Flux Of Caco3 And Organic Carbon From The Surface Ocean Using In Situ Measurements Of O-2, N-2, Pco(2), And Ph, Steven Emerson, Christopher Sabine, Meghan F. Cronin, Richard Feely, Sarah E. Cullison Gray, Michael Degrandpre
Quantifying The Flux Of Caco3 And Organic Carbon From The Surface Ocean Using In Situ Measurements Of O-2, N-2, Pco(2), And Ph, Steven Emerson, Christopher Sabine, Meghan F. Cronin, Richard Feely, Sarah E. Cullison Gray, Michael Degrandpre
Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications
Ocean acidification from anthropogenic CO2 has focused our attention on the importance of understanding the rates and mechanisms of CaCO3 formation so that changes can be monitored and feedbacks predicted. We present a method for determining the rate of CaCO3 production using in situ measureme nts of fCO(2) and pH in surface waters of the eastern subarctic Pacific Ocean. These quantities were determined on a surface mooring every 3 h for a period of about 9 months in 2007 at Ocean Station Papa (50 degrees N, 145 degrees W). We use the data in a simple surface ocean, mass balance …
Viral Selex Reveals Individual And Cooperative Roles Of The C-Box And G-Box In Hiv-2 Replication, Christy L. Strong, Jean-Marc Lanchy, J. Stephen Lodmell
Viral Selex Reveals Individual And Cooperative Roles Of The C-Box And G-Box In Hiv-2 Replication, Christy L. Strong, Jean-Marc Lanchy, J. Stephen Lodmell
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
The 5' UTR of HIV-2 genomic RNA contains signaling motifs that regulate specific steps of the replication cycle. Two motifs of interest are the C-box and the G-box. The C-box is found in the 5' untranslated region upstream of the primer binding site, while the G-box is found downstream from the major splice donor site, encompassing the gag start codon and flanking nucleotides. Together the C-box and the G-box form a long-range base-pairing interaction called the CGI. We and others have previously shown that formation of the CGI affects RNA dimerization in vitro and the positions of the C-box and …
Structural Basis For The High-Affinity Inhibition Of Mammalian Membranous Adenylyl Cyclase By 2',3'-O-(N-Methylanthraniloyl)-Inosine 5'-Triphosphate, Melanie Hübner, Anshuman Dixit, Tung-Chung Mou, Gerald H. Lushington, Cibele Pinto, Andreas Gille, Jens Geduhn, Burkhard König, Stephen R. Sprang, Roland Seifert
Structural Basis For The High-Affinity Inhibition Of Mammalian Membranous Adenylyl Cyclase By 2',3'-O-(N-Methylanthraniloyl)-Inosine 5'-Triphosphate, Melanie Hübner, Anshuman Dixit, Tung-Chung Mou, Gerald H. Lushington, Cibele Pinto, Andreas Gille, Jens Geduhn, Burkhard König, Stephen R. Sprang, Roland Seifert
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
2',3'-O-(N-Methylanthraniloyl)-ITP (MANT-ITP) is the most potent inhibitor of mammalian membranous adenylyl cyclase (mAC) 5 (AC5, K(i), 1 nM) yet discovered and surpasses the potency of MANT-GTP by 55-fold (J Pharmacol Exp Ther 329:1156-1165, 2009). AC5 inhibitors may be valuable drugs for treatment of heart failure. The aim of this study was to elucidate the structural basis for the high-affinity inhibition of mAC by MANT-ITP. MANT-ITP was a considerably more potent inhibitor of the purified catalytic domains VC1 and IIC2 of mAC than MANT-GTP (K(i), 0.7 versus 18 nM). Moreover, there was considerably more efficient fluorescence resonance energy transfer between Trp1020 …
Juvenile Hormone Regulates Extreme Mandible Growth In Male Stag Beetles, Hiroki Gotoh, Richard Cornette, Shigeyuki Koshikawa, Yasukazu Okada, Laura Corley Lavine, Douglas J. Emlen, Toru Miura
Juvenile Hormone Regulates Extreme Mandible Growth In Male Stag Beetles, Hiroki Gotoh, Richard Cornette, Shigeyuki Koshikawa, Yasukazu Okada, Laura Corley Lavine, Douglas J. Emlen, Toru Miura
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
The morphological diversity of insects is one of the most striking phenomena in biology. Evolutionary modifications to the relative sizes of body parts, including the evolution of traits with exaggerated proportions, are responsible for a vast range of body forms. Remarkable examples of an insect trait with exaggerated proportions are the mandibular weapons of stag beetles. Male stag beetles possess extremely enlarged mandibles which they use in combat with rival males over females. As with other sexually selected traits, stag beetle mandibles vary widely in size among males, and this variable growth results from differential larval nutrition. However, the mechanisms …
Range-Expanding Populations Of A Globally Introduced Weed Experience Negative Plant-Soil Feedbacks, Krikor Andonian, José L. Hierro, Liana Khetsuriani, Pablo Becerra, Grigor Janoyan, Diego Villarreal, Lohengrin Cavieres, Laurel R. Fox, Ragan M. Callaway
Range-Expanding Populations Of A Globally Introduced Weed Experience Negative Plant-Soil Feedbacks, Krikor Andonian, José L. Hierro, Liana Khetsuriani, Pablo Becerra, Grigor Janoyan, Diego Villarreal, Lohengrin Cavieres, Laurel R. Fox, Ragan M. Callaway
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Background: Biological invasions are fundamentally biogeographic processes that occur over large spatial scales. Interactions with soil microbes can have strong impacts on plant invasions, but how these interactions vary among areas where introduced species are highly invasive vs. naturalized is still unknown. In this study, we examined biogeographic variation in plant-soil microbe interactions of a globally invasive weed, Centaurea solstitialis (yellow starthistle). We addressed the following questions (1) Is Centaurea released from natural enemy pressure from soil microbes in introduced regions? and (2) Is variation in plant-soil feedbacks associated with variation in Centaurea's invasive success? Methodology/Principal Findings: We conducted greenhouse …
Climate Change Predicted To Shift Wolverine Distributions, Connectivity, And Dispersal Corridors, Kevin Scot Mckelvey, Jeffrey P. Copeland, Michael K. Schwartz, Jeremy S. Littell, Keith B. Aubry, John R. Squires, Marketa M. Elsner, Guillaume S. Mauger
Climate Change Predicted To Shift Wolverine Distributions, Connectivity, And Dispersal Corridors, Kevin Scot Mckelvey, Jeffrey P. Copeland, Michael K. Schwartz, Jeremy S. Littell, Keith B. Aubry, John R. Squires, Marketa M. Elsner, Guillaume S. Mauger
Wildlife Biology Faculty Publications
Boreal species sensitive to the timing and duration of snow cover are particularly vulnerable to global climate change. Recent work has shown a link between wolverine (Gulo gulo) habitat and persistent spring snow cover through 15 May, the approximate end of the wolverine’s reproductive denning period. We modeled the distribution of snow cover within the Columbia, Upper Missouri, and Upper Colorado River Basins using a downscaled ensemble climate model. The ensemble model was based on the arithmetic mean of 10 global climate models (GCMs) that best fit historical climate trends and patterns within these three basins. Snow cover was estimated …
Modeling Plant Ranges Over 75 Years Of Climate Change In California, Usa: Temporal Transferability And Species Traits, Solomon Z. Dobrowski, James H. Thorne, Johnathan A. Greenberg, Hugh D. Safford, Alison R. Mynsberge, Shawn M. Crimmins, Alan K. Swanson
Modeling Plant Ranges Over 75 Years Of Climate Change In California, Usa: Temporal Transferability And Species Traits, Solomon Z. Dobrowski, James H. Thorne, Johnathan A. Greenberg, Hugh D. Safford, Alison R. Mynsberge, Shawn M. Crimmins, Alan K. Swanson
Forest Management Faculty Publications
Species distribution model (SDM) projections under future climate scenarios are increasingly being used to inform resource management and conservation strategies. A critical assumption for projecting climate change responses is that SDMs are transferable through time, an assumption that is largely untested because investigators often lack temporally independent data for assessing transferability. Further, understanding how the ecology of species influences temporal transferability is critical yet almost wholly lacking. This raises two questions. (1) Are SDM projections transferable in time? (2) Does temporal transferability relate to species ecological traits? To address these questions we developed SDMs for 133 vascular plant species using …
The Assembly Of Ecological Communities Inferred From Taxonomic And Functional Composition, Eric R. Sokol, E. F. Benfield, Lisa K. Belden, H. Maurice Valett
The Assembly Of Ecological Communities Inferred From Taxonomic And Functional Composition, Eric R. Sokol, E. F. Benfield, Lisa K. Belden, H. Maurice Valett
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Among-site variation in metacommunities (beta diversity) is typically correlated with the distance separating the sites (spatial lag). This distance decay in similarity pattern has been linked to both niche-based and dispersal-based community assembly hypotheses. Here we show that beta diversity patterns in community composition, when supplemented with functional-trait information, can be used to diagnose assembly processes. First, using simulated data, we show how the relationship between distance decay patterns in taxonomic and functional measures of community composition can be used to predict the influence of a given trait on community assembly. We then use the patterns generated by the simulation …
Effects Of Soil Biota From Different Ranges On Robinia Invasion: Acquiring Mutualists And Escaping Pathogens, Ragan M. Callaway, Eulogio J. Bedmar, Kurt O. Reinhart, Cinta Gómez Silvan, John Klironomos
Effects Of Soil Biota From Different Ranges On Robinia Invasion: Acquiring Mutualists And Escaping Pathogens, Ragan M. Callaway, Eulogio J. Bedmar, Kurt O. Reinhart, Cinta Gómez Silvan, John Klironomos
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
The net effects of soil biota on exotic invaders can be variable, in part, because net effects are produced by many interacting mutualists and antagonists. Here we compared mutualistic and antagonistic biota in soils collected in the native, expanded, and invasive range of the black locust tree, Robinia pseudoacacia. Robinia formed nodules in all soils with a broad phylogenetic range of N-fixing bacteria, and leaf N did not differ among the different sources of soil. This suggests that the global expansion of Robinia was not limited by the lack of appropriate mutualistic N-fixers. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) from the …
Thinking Outside The Channel: Modeling Nitrogen Cycling In Networked River Ecosystems, Ashley M. Helton, Geoffrey C. Poole, Judy L. Meyer, Wilfred M. Wollheim, Bruce J. Peterson, Patrick J. Mulholland, Emily S. Bernhardt, Jack Arthur Stanford, Clay Arango, Linda R. Ashkenas, Lee W. Cooper, Walter K. Dodds, Stanley V. Gregory, Robert O. Hall Jr., Stephen K. Hamilton, Sherri L. Johnson, William H. Mcdowell, Jody D. Potter, Jennifer L. Tank, Suzanne M. Thomas, H. Maurice Valett, Jackson R. Webster, Lydia Zeglin
Thinking Outside The Channel: Modeling Nitrogen Cycling In Networked River Ecosystems, Ashley M. Helton, Geoffrey C. Poole, Judy L. Meyer, Wilfred M. Wollheim, Bruce J. Peterson, Patrick J. Mulholland, Emily S. Bernhardt, Jack Arthur Stanford, Clay Arango, Linda R. Ashkenas, Lee W. Cooper, Walter K. Dodds, Stanley V. Gregory, Robert O. Hall Jr., Stephen K. Hamilton, Sherri L. Johnson, William H. Mcdowell, Jody D. Potter, Jennifer L. Tank, Suzanne M. Thomas, H. Maurice Valett, Jackson R. Webster, Lydia Zeglin
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Agricultural and urban development alters nitrogen and other biogeochemical cycles in rivers worldwide. Because such biogeochemical processes cannot be measured empirically across whole river networks, simulation models are critical tools for understanding river-network biogeochemistry. However, limitations inherent in current models restrict our ability to simulate biogeochemical dynamics among diverse river networks. We illustrate these limitations using a river-network model to scale up in situ measures of nitrogen cycling in eight catchments spanning various geophysical and land-use conditions. Our model results provide evidence that catchment characteristics typically excluded from models may control river-network biogeochemistry. Based on our findings, we identify important …
Mitochondrial Genome Sequences Illuminate Maternal Lineages Of Conservation Concern In A Rare Carnivore, Brian J. Knaus, Richard C. Cronn, Aaron Liston, Kristine L. Pilgrim, Michael K. Schwartz
Mitochondrial Genome Sequences Illuminate Maternal Lineages Of Conservation Concern In A Rare Carnivore, Brian J. Knaus, Richard C. Cronn, Aaron Liston, Kristine L. Pilgrim, Michael K. Schwartz
Wildlife Biology Faculty Publications
Background: Science-based wildlife management relies on genetic information to infer population connectivity and identify conservation units. The most commonly used genetic marker for characterizing animal biodiversity and identifying maternal lineages is the mitochondrial genome. Mitochondrial genotyping figures prominently in conservation and management plans, with much of the attention focused on the non-coding displacement ("D”) loop. We used massively parallel multiplexed sequencing to sequence complete mitochondrial genomes from 40 fishers, a threatened carnivore that possesses low mitogenomic diversity. This allowed us to test a key assumption of conservation genetics, specifically, that the D-loop accurately reflects genealogical relationships and variation of the …
Win-Win For Wind And Wildlife: A Vision To Facilitate Sustainable Development, Joseph M. Kiesecker, Jeffrey S. Evans, Joe Fargione, Kevin Doherty, Kerry R. Foresman, Thomas H. Kunz, David E. Naugle, Nathan P. Nibbelink, Neal D. Niemuth
Win-Win For Wind And Wildlife: A Vision To Facilitate Sustainable Development, Joseph M. Kiesecker, Jeffrey S. Evans, Joe Fargione, Kevin Doherty, Kerry R. Foresman, Thomas H. Kunz, David E. Naugle, Nathan P. Nibbelink, Neal D. Niemuth
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Wind energy offers the potential to reduce carbon emissions while increasing energy independence and bolstering economic development. However, wind energy has a larger land footprint per Gigawatt (GW) than most other forms of energy production, making appropriate siting and mitigation particularly important. Species that require large unfragmented habitats and those known to avoid vertical structures are particularly at risk from wind development. Developing energy on disturbed lands rather than placing new developments within large and intact habitats would reduce cumulative impacts to wildlife. The U.S. Department of Energy estimates that it will take 241 GW of terrestrial based wind development …