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2008

Medicine and Health Sciences

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Articles 481 - 489 of 489

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

The Evaluation Of Midazolam On Head Injured Patients In The Prehospital Setting, Dragana Klinac Jan 2008

The Evaluation Of Midazolam On Head Injured Patients In The Prehospital Setting, Dragana Klinac

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Midazolam (Hypnovel ®) is the only sedating agent used by paramedics at St John Ambulance Service W.A. in the management of many conditions including seizure activities, antisocial or uncontrollable behaviours, back pain incidents and head injuries. Midazolam, with a rapid absorption, fast onset of action and short duration on neurological activity, has been accepted as a safe and effective agent in prehospital treatment since the late-1990s. Often, if a patient is not complying with treatment or is uncontrollable or aggressive, paramedics are required to sedate the individual. This study primarily examines the use of midazolam for the sedation of unmanageable …

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Maldi Mass Spectrometry Imaging For The Discovery Of Prostate Carcinoma Biomarkers, Lisa Harris Cazares Jan 2008

Maldi Mass Spectrometry Imaging For The Discovery Of Prostate Carcinoma Biomarkers, Lisa Harris Cazares

Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences

The elucidation of new biological markers of prostate cancer (PCa) should aid in the detection, and prognosis of this disease. Diagnostic decision making by pathologists in prostate cancer is highly dependent on tissue morphology. The ability to localize disease-specific molecular changes in tissue would help improve this critical pathology decision making process. Direct profiling of proteins in tissue sections using MALDI imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI-IMS) has the power to link molecular detail to morphological and pathological changes, enhancing the ability to identify candidates for new specific biomarkers. However, critical questions remain regarding the integration of this technique with clinical decision …

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Gene Therapy Using Tet-Repressor System To Modulate Prostate Tumor Microenvironment, Nazita Yousefieh Jan 2008

Gene Therapy Using Tet-Repressor System To Modulate Prostate Tumor Microenvironment, Nazita Yousefieh

Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences

Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in men in the United States and is projected to be the third most frequent cause of male cancer-related deaths in 2007 after lung and skin cancers. The initial treatment for prostate cancer at early stages is prostatectomy or radiation, which usually is curative. However, approximately 20% of patients are not cured by such treatments and their cancer recurs, sometimes with long latencies. In other patients prostate cancer is diagnosed only after the cancer has metastasized and there are no effective therapies at this stage. Therefore immunotherapy seems to be a promising …

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Cellular Effects Of Antiepileptic Drugs, Robert L. Macdonald, Michael A. Rogawski Dec 2007

Cellular Effects Of Antiepileptic Drugs, Robert L. Macdonald, Michael A. Rogawski

Michael A. Rogawski

Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) protect against seizures through interactions with a variety of cellular targets, which include various ion channels, a neurotransmitter transporter, a neurotransmitter metabolic enzyme, and a synaptic vesicle protein. AED actions on these targets can be categorized into four broad groups: 1. Modulation of voltage-dependent ion channels (mainly sodium [Na] but also calcium [Ca] channels) 2. Effects on γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) systems, including alterations in the cellular disposition of GABA and enhancement of synaptic inhibition mediated by GABA-A receptors 3. Inhibition of synaptic excitation mediated by ionotropic glutamate receptors 4. Modulation of neurotransmitter release, particularly of glutamate, through …

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Correlation Network Analysis For Data Integration And Biomarker Selection, Aram Adourian, Ezra Jennings, Raji Balasubramanian, Wade M. Hines, Doris Damian, Tom N. Plasterer, Clary B. Clish, Paul Stroobant, Robert N. Mcburney, Elwin R. Verheij, Ivana I. Bobeldijk, J Van Der Greef, J Lindberg, K Kenne, U Andersson, H Hellmold, K Nilsson, H Salter, I Schuppe-Koistinen Dec 2007

Correlation Network Analysis For Data Integration And Biomarker Selection, Aram Adourian, Ezra Jennings, Raji Balasubramanian, Wade M. Hines, Doris Damian, Tom N. Plasterer, Clary B. Clish, Paul Stroobant, Robert N. Mcburney, Elwin R. Verheij, Ivana I. Bobeldijk, J Van Der Greef, J Lindberg, K Kenne, U Andersson, H Hellmold, K Nilsson, H Salter, I Schuppe-Koistinen

Raji Balasubramanian

This work demonstrates the application of correlation networks to a systems-based investigation of drug-induced hepatotoxicity and the identification of specific and relevant biomarkers in this context.

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Effect Of Two Milling Techniques And Flours Particle Size On Some, Theodore N'Dede Djeni Dec 2007

Effect Of Two Milling Techniques And Flours Particle Size On Some, Theodore N'Dede Djeni

Theodore N'Dede Djeni

Two techniques of milling (milling with wooden mortar and milling with hammer grinder) for the production of millet flours were compared in term of physical, biochemical and nutritional aspects and digestibility of the produced flours. A batch of millet grains with candle (Pennisetum glaucum L. R.BR) was purchased from a local market for flour production, while the flour digestibility tests were achieved with an enzymatic crude extract get from gastric juice of and snails (Archachatina marginata). The different rough flours obtained from both milling techniques showed significant differences (p<0.05) in their granulometric profiles and their biochemical composition. The mortar …

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Common Pathophysiologic Mechanisms In Migraine And Epilepsy, Michael A. Rogawski Dec 2007

Common Pathophysiologic Mechanisms In Migraine And Epilepsy, Michael A. Rogawski

Michael A. Rogawski

Migraine and epilepsy are comorbid episodic disorders that have common pathophysiologic mechanisms. Migraine attacks, like epileptic seizures, may be triggered by excessive neocortical cellular excitability; in migraine, however, the hyperexcitability is believed to transition to cortical spreading depression rather than to the hypersynchronous activity that characterizes seizures. Some forms of epilepsy and migraine are known to be channelopathies. Mutations in the same genes can cause either migraine or epilepsy or, in some cases, both. Given the likely commonalities in the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms, it is not surprising that some antiepileptic drugs, including valproate, topiramate, and gabapentin, are effective …

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Discordance In The Paraoxonase (Pon1)-192qr Polymorphism, Rozaida @ Poh Yuen Ying Dec 2007

Discordance In The Paraoxonase (Pon1)-192qr Polymorphism, Rozaida @ Poh Yuen Ying

Rozaida @ Poh Yuen Ying

Paraoxonase (PON1) has been implicated to have a cardioprotective role, due to its physical attachment with high-density lipoprotein. PON1192QR is a variation of the PON1 gene, the R allele being a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Kinetic studies resulting in a plot of paraoxon versus diazoxon hydrolysis rates may be used to accurately predict PON1192 geno-type. In this study, paraoxonase and diazoxonase activities in plasma were measured spec-trophotometrically using plasma while PCR-based PON1192 genotyping was performed us-ing polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction digestion. The two-substrate assay-derived genotypes were cross-referred with those determined by PCR-based genotyping. When results did not …

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Functional Generalized Linear Models With Applications To Neuroimaging, Philip T. Reiss, R. Todd Ogden Dec 2007

Functional Generalized Linear Models With Applications To Neuroimaging, Philip T. Reiss, R. Todd Ogden

Philip T. Reiss

No abstract provided.

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